1、GrammarThe Passive ing-form(V-ing 形式的被动式形式的被动式)V-ing形式的各种时态和语态形式的各种时态和语态:时态时态一般式一般式完成式完成式主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态doinghaving donebeing donehavingbeen done1.动名词的被动式：动名词的被动式：1)动名词的被动式有两种动名词的被动式有两种:being+过去分词；过去分词；having been+过去分词。过去分词。例如：例如：a)每个人都喜欢得到赞美。每个人都喜欢得到赞美。Everybody likes _.being praisedb)我记得曾经听过这故事。我
2、记得曾经听过这故事。having been toldI remember _ the story.2)在在need/want/require(需要需要)和和 be worth(值得值得)等词后面等词后面,动名词的主动形式表示被动动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。意义。例如：例如：a)这件事需要调查。这件事需要调查。looking intoThe matter requires _.=The matter requires to be looked into.b)这本书值得一读。这本书值得一读。is worth readingThe book _.=The book is worthy of bei
3、ng read.2.现在分词的被动式现在分词的被动式1)现在分词的被动式也有两种现在分词的被动式也有两种:being+过去分词过去分词(强调事情正在发生强调事情正在发生)；having+been+过去分词过去分词(强调事情已经强调事情已经发生发生,不作定语不作定语)。例如：例如：a)她正接受提问她正接受提问,感到有点儿紧张。感到有点儿紧张。Being asked_to answer the question,she felt a little nervous.b)这么好的机会给了你这么好的机会给了你,你怎么能一点也不珍惜你怎么能一点也不珍惜呢？呢？Having been given_ such
4、 a good chance,how could you not value it at all?2)作定语时作定语时,“being+过去分词过去分词”表示正在表示正在进行的动作进行的动作;done表示过去或已经完成表示过去或已经完成的动作的动作;to be done表示将要发生的动作。表示将要发生的动作。如：如：a)正在建造的房屋正在建造的房屋,完工后将用作我们的图书馆。完工后将用作我们的图书馆。being builtThe house _ will be our library upon its completion.b)所使用的教材都是时新的。所使用的教材都是时新的。The textbo
5、oks _ are all up-to-date.usedc)你打算参加下月召开的会议吗？你打算参加下月召开的会议吗？Are you going to attend the meeting _ next month?to be held温馨提示：温馨提示：1）being done表示的被动动作表示的被动动作正在进行正在进行或与谓语动词或与谓语动词的动作的动作同时同时发生发生,或表示或表示一般情况一般情况。现在修建的发电站将是埃及最大的发电站之一。现在修建的发电站将是埃及最大的发电站之一。The power station being built now will be one of the l
6、argest in Egypt.她坚持被派给最苦的工作她坚持被派给最苦的工作.She insisted on being given the hardest task.2）Having been done表示的被动动作发生在谓语动词表示的被动动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作表示的动作之前之前。被邀请后被邀请后,李先生去参加了会议。李先生去参加了会议。Having been invited,Mr Li went to attend the meeting.我很感激两年前被给予了去国外学习的机会。我很感激两年前被给予了去国外学习的机会。I appreciate having been given th
7、e chance to study abroad two years ago.V-ing的被动式在句中可以作的被动式在句中可以作:1)主语主语Being laughed at in public is a terrible experience.被鲨鱼咬死是一件很普通的事情。被鲨鱼咬死是一件很普通的事情。Being killed by sharks was a common thing.C_ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to oness skin.A.Exposed B.Having exposedC.Being exposed D.A
8、fter being exposed2)宾语宾语I could see he was terrified of being abandonedby us.Do you remember having been taken to Beijing at the age of ten?The little girl was eventually aware of being abandoned by her parents in the mountainous village.若不被邀请，他是不会来的。若不被邀请，他是不会来的。(without)He wouldnt come without bei
9、ng invited.下面短语中的下面短语中的 to 是介词是介词,后面只能跟名词或后面只能跟名词或V-ing：devote to(投入投入),get down to(着手干着手干)，lead to(通向通向,导致导致),object to(反对反对),pay attention to(注意注意),look forward to(盼望盼望),be used to(习惯于习惯于)，stick to(坚持坚持),preferto等。等。No one can prevent the plan _.CA.from carrying out B.to be carried outC.being carr
10、ied out D.to carry outThe bird was lucky that it just missed _.BA.catching B.being caughtC.to be caught D.to catchadmit(承认承认),appreciate,avoid,cant help(禁不住禁不住)，stand(忍受忍受),consider(考虑考虑,打算打算),enjoy,escape(躲避躲避),excuse,finish,give up,imagine,insist on,mind,miss(错过错过),practise,put off,risk,set about,
11、suggest(建议建议)等后接等后接v-ing。He has always insisted on his _ Dr.Turner Binstead of Mr.Turner.A.been called B.being calledC.having called D.calledWhile shopping,people sometimes cant help _ Cinto buying something they dont really need.A.to persuade B.persuadingC.being persuaded D.be persuaded3)宾语补足语宾语补足语
12、I saw James being held up in the water by old Tom.The well was found _ when we got there.DA.digging B.to be dugC.to dig D.being dugI noticed that some people were taken to the police station.I noticed some people being taken to the police station.4)定语定语The meeting being held now is very important.但但
13、having been done 不能作定语。不能作定语。正在被建在公园旁边的宾馆是由一群年轻人建的。正在被建在公园旁边的宾馆是由一群年轻人建的。The hotel being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.Most of the artists _ to the party were from ASouth Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited5)状语状语Being badly wounded,the wha
14、le soon died.Having been told many times,he still made the same mistake.Exercises1.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.BA.being prepared B.preparing C.having been prepared D.prepared2._ such heavy pollution already,it may Anow be too late to clean up the river.
15、A.Having suffered B.Being sufferedC.To suffer D.Suffered3.She is shy.She is not used to _ in front Cof others.A.praise B.praising C.being praised D.be praisedB4._ in a heavy traffic jam in a taxi while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant experience.A.Having caught B.Being caughtC.
16、aught D.Having been caught5.The storm left,_ a lot of damage to this area.DA.caused B.to have causedC.to cause D.having caused6.It shames me to say it,but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss.CA.questioning B.having questionedC.questioned D.to be questioned7.With the development of science,
17、more newBtechnology _ to the field of IT.A.has introduced B.is being introducedC.is introduced D.was introducedD8.Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.A.having not been invited B.not having invitedC.having not invited D.not having been invited9._ the meeting himself gave them a Dgreat deal of en
18、couragement.A.The president will attendB.The president to attendC.The president attended D.The presidents attending 10.Do you mind _ alone at home?CA.Jane leaving B.Jane having left C.Janes being left D.Jane to be left11.-What made Bill so angry?-_.His girl friend promised to Bcome at 8:30,but she h
19、asnt come yet.A.Having kept waitingB.Being kept waitingC.To be kept waitingD.Being kept waited12._ the whole story,Jane Adecided not to see the film.A.Having been toldB.Having told C.Been toldD.Telling 13.The building _ in our school is for Dus teachers.Though theres noise most of the day,we still f
20、eel happy about it.A.builtB.having been builtC.to be builtD.being built14._ many times,the boy still didnt Bknow how to do the exercises.A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught D.Teaching 高考链接高考链接1.I hear theyve promoted Tom,but he didnt mention _ when we talked on Bthe phone.(2008江西卷江西卷)A.to
21、promote B.having been promotedC.having promoted D.to be promoted2._ around the Water Cube,we were Cthen taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.(2008陕西卷陕西卷)A.Having shown B.To be shown C.Having been shown D.To show3.At the beginning of class,the noise of C desks _ could be heard outsi
22、de the classroom.(07全国卷全国卷II)A.opened and closed B.to be opened and closedC.being opened and closed D.to open and close4.He looked around and caught a man _ his Dhand into the pocket of a passenger.(2004春季北京春季北京)A.put B.to be puttingC.to put D.putting解析解析:答案答案 D。现在分词。现在分词putting作宾语补足语作宾语补足语,表示主动。表示主
23、动。catch sb.doing表示表示“当场抓住当场抓住(撞见撞见)某人在做某事某人在做某事”。C5.Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan.(2004春季上海春季上海)A.his being not able B.him not to be ableC.his not being able D.him to be not able解析解析:答案为答案为C。for是介词是介词,后接动名词作宾语。后接动名词作宾语。动名词的否定形式在前面加动名词的否定形式在前面加not。物主代词。物主代词his与动名词的否定形
24、式构成动名词的复合结构。与动名词的否定形式构成动名词的复合结构。6.The discovery of new evidence led to _.C(2003上海上海)A.the thief having caught B.catch the thiefC.the thiefs being caught D.the thief to be caught解析解析:答案答案C。lead to“导致、引起导致、引起”,to 是介词，是介词，后接动名词作宾语。从题意看后接动名词作宾语。从题意看,是是“小偷被抓住小偷被抓住”故用动名词的被动式故用动名词的被动式 being caught;因作宾语因作宾语
25、,故动名词的逻辑主语可用名词普通格故动名词的逻辑主语可用名词普通格 the thief 改名词所有格改名词所有格 the thiefs。由于发现了新的证据。由于发现了新的证据因而抓住了小偷。因而抓住了小偷。7._ to sunlight for too much time will do Charm to ones skin.(2002上海上海)A.ExposedB.Having exposedC.Being exposed D.After being exposed解析解析:答案答案C。在这个句子中。在这个句子中,will do是谓语，是谓语，要用动名词作主语。要用动名词作主语。expose
26、 与与ones skin是动宾关系是动宾关系,要用动名词的被动式要用动名词的被动式 being exposed作主语。作主语。8.Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the Cfew movie stars _ as a carpenter before.A.to work B.to be workingC.to have worked D.to have been working9._ as an Olympic event,a sport Cmust be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 c
27、ontinents.A.To accept B.Having acceptedC.To be accepted D.Accepting10._ the safety of gas,the government Ahas checked the citys gas supply system thoroughly.A.To ensure B.EnsuringC.Having ensured D.To have ensured11.An army spokesman stressed that all Athe soldiers had been ordered _ clear warning before firing any shots.A.to issue B.being issuedC.to have issued D.to be issued
