1、中考题型-短文填空中考英语试卷最难的题型之一短文填空短文填空一般在一篇200250字左右的故事性短文中挖出10个空（一般一行或一句一个空，首句不设空），要求学生通读短文，并根据上下文来补全短文，每空只能填一个单词（不能填数字）。主要考九大词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、连词、冠词）。该题旨在测试考生的英语阅读理解能力和简单的书面表达能力，看其是否能够运用所学过的英语知识进行简单的书面交流，从而达到既考查学生的语言基础知识，又考查他们的观察能力、联想能力以及对语言的综合运用能力的目的。题型特点考查重点：语法在篇章中的运用考点：考点稳定，难度不大优生目标：全力冲刺满分考点分析动词
2、名词形容词副词代词介词连词2017年2211112018年21111112019年212111考点分布比较常考的词：名词、动词、形容词、副词趋势：名词、动词仍是主考词汇，其它词汇 (如代词、连词等)都有覆盖。1.时态（do,did,does,doing,done)2.语态3.非谓语动词形式(动名词doing,动词不定式to do)1.Last Friday,a man _ to see his doctor,because he suffered from pains in his stomach.2.After the doctor _ over carefully,he _to him,“
3、Well,dont worry,young man.You will get better by _ a rest.wentlookedsaidhaving动词考点 I know her in the newspaper.She didnt go to school at a very young age.Many girls and _ like her wish to go to school in China.They want to go to school very much,but their families are too poor.If the _ has two or th
4、ree_,its harder to pay the money for all of them.boysfamilychildren名词考点单复数，名词所有格形容词副词考点1.形容词 副词的修饰关系2.形容词 副词的比较等级3.a little/much/even/a lot+比较级4.one of the+adj.的最高级+名词的复数There was a little boy.He got angry _.His father gave him some nails(钉子)and said”When you feel_,you just hammer a nail into the ba
5、ck of the fence.The boy found it was much_ to hold his temper(脾气).easilyangryeasier代词1.人称代词(主格宾格)2.物主代词(形容词性名词性)3.反身代词 On _ tenth birthday,the boy invited many friends to the party._ played many interesting games and ate lots of delicious food.They really enjoyed _.Theyhisthemselves中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识
6、型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。设空规律Summary动词：原形，三单，过去式，-ing，V-pp名词：单数，复数形容词/副词：原级，比较级，最高级代词：人称代词主/宾格，形物代，名物代，反身代词 介词/连词：基本用法，固定搭配注意拼写正确！大小写！考查重点：语法在篇章中的运用考点：考点稳定，难度不大优生目标：全力冲刺满分题型特点设空层次那些只需读懂设空所
7、在句便可选出答案的题目。(2007年中考英语试卷)I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.（）A.remember B.explain C.hope D.expectA指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目后制性设空后制性设空前制性设空前制性设空即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。It was an English speech contest.My mot
8、her asked me to take part in it.What a terrible idea!It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!speak前制性设空 1).Nobody _ him in the village.One day he said to them,“I know you dont like me”2).Country music comes from _ kinds of music.One is the traditional music of tall
9、 mountain people in the eastern United States.The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.likedtwo后制性设空那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti.Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week,hoping to 1 him achieved all Id exp
10、ected.Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday.He will be a man.(最后一句话)()A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educateDSummary真题链接 2013年重庆Peter was the best table tennis player in his school and hardly ever lost a match.He hated losing anything.When he 1 ,he would feel really good.If he lost,he would feel
11、terrible.It seemed to Peter that losing was the 2_ thing in the world.won动词，过去式动词，过去式worst形容词，最高级形容词，最高级A new kid,Albert,came to Peters school.He was good at table tennis,too.Soon there would be a match 3 Peter and Albert.Peter worked hard to get ready for the match,but Albert didnt seem to think 4
12、of it.When the match began,Albert was a real player.There was always a 5 on his face,while Peter looked serious all the time.Peter thought it was so important to win the match that he even wanted to cheat（舞弊）,but he lost in the end.between介词,between.and.much副词，副词，think much of itsmile名词，跟名词，跟serious
13、对比对比“You played very well,Peter.I think we can play again sometime,”said Albert.But Peter didnt 6 happy and couldnt fall asleep that night.One day,Peter saw Albert playing basketball.7 _ he lost again and again,the happy smile never left his face.Peter found Albert was great at table tennis but bad
14、at basketball.However,he enjoyed 8 of them.Whether he won or lost the game,Albert enjoyed it.Peter came to realize that enjoying a game was much more important than winning or losing it.He felt happier than ever before.feel动词，原形动词，原形Though连词，连词，尽管尽管both代词，“两项运动都喜欢”休息十分钟短文填空，理解为重初次见面，通读一遍细读再做，逐个突破如遇难
15、题，不必着急前观后看，意思连贯短语搭配，做题不累定义定形，细心则赢胜利关口，勿忘回首解题四字诀2014 重庆 Holding doors open for people behind you,picking up litter,thanking people these acts of kindness seem very _1_.But students at James Middle School know that such small acts make the world a better place.Eighth-graders from James Middle School,t
16、ook part in the Random Acts of Kindness Week _2_ March 31 to April 4.During the week,they tried their best to do kind things for others.Celeste Murray,an English teacher at the school,started the activity.Since she was little,she has always tried to do small acts of kindness in her daily life.“I bel
17、ieve the world is _3_ by small things,”she told the newspaper The Daily Times.Over the week,to her surprise,Murray also _4_ great changes in her class.技巧训练Step 1：通读全文，掌握大意Before that,she always needed to ask her _6_ to push the chairs in or turn off the lights before they leave the classroom.Now,the
18、 students do those things by _7_.“The teachers have a lot of work,”said Jordon,one of Murrays students.He learned to care more about others.Eliza,_8_ student,gave out more praises(赞扬)to others.“It makes them feel happy and successful,”she said.The activity made students feel that they can make a dif
19、ference.Hailey decides to continue to do at least one act of kindness every week,_9_ busy she is.She believes her acts could encourage others.文章大意：介绍我们应该从日常生活中的一些小事做起，从小事中献爱心，从自己身边的小事做起。如果我们每一个人都从小事做起，那世界就充满了真爱。对所有考生进行了人生观的教育，同时也针对当前学生中普遍的错误认识和看法，许多学生认为小事不必去做，要做就要做大事的想法。Holding doors open for people
20、 behind you,picking up litter,thanking people these acts of kindness seem very 1 .But students at James Middle School know that such small acts make the world a better place.Step 1：细读全文，逐个突破small形容词形容词 Since she was little,she has always tried to do small acts of kindness in her daily life.“I believ
21、e the world is 2 by small things,”she told the newspaper The Daily Times.Over the week,to her surprise,Murray also 3 _ great changes in her class.changed被动，差动词过去分词被动，差动词过去分词found/saw/discovered动词，过去式动词，过去式 Eighth-graders from James Middle School,took part in the Random Acts of Kindness Week 4 _ Marc
22、h 31 to April 4.During the week,they tried their best to do kind things for others.Celeste Murray,an English teacher at the school,started the activity.from介词搭配，介词搭配，from.to.Before that,she always needed to ask her 5 to push the chairs in or turn off the lights before they leave the classroom.Now,th
23、e students do those things by 6 .“The teachers have a lot of work,”said Jordon,one of Murrays students.students名词，名词，ask sb.to dothemselves反身代词，反身代词，by oneselfHe learned to care more about others.Eliza,7 student,gave out more praises(赞扬)to others.“It makes them feel happy and successful,”she said.Th
24、e activity made students feel that they can make a difference.Hailey decides to continue to do at least one act of kindness every week,8 busy she is.She believes her acts could encourage others.another形容词，另一个、又一个however副词，无论、不管（2013 广东）Dear Anne,How are you?I had great fun last Wednesday,1.12th,2013
25、.It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day.This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan,one of 2._ greatest Chinese poets.He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历)，278 BC.Junethe真题链接People there rowed the boats to 3.him.But it wa
26、s too late.They were very sad and then threw rice into the 4._to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body.5._then on,every year on this day,people enjoy 6._ _Zongzi which is made of rice with meat,eggs and so on.In the past we ate it only 7.a year,but now we regarded it as our dail
27、y food.We can have it any time we like.saveriver/waterFromeatingonce Have you ever 8._ the dragon boat race on TV?It is another important part of this festival.Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 9._ as they can.The first team to reach the finish line wins.If you have a plan to visit Chin
28、a next year,would 10._ like to spend this festival with us?Best wishes,Xiao Qiangwatchedfast/quicklyyou限时训练限时训练1字数建议用时正确率17810mins_/10 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者去年寒假参观一个村庄时的所见所闻。村庄很小,但是因为村民黄爷爷在房子的墙壁上画了很多漂亮的画而使村庄变得很有特色,很受游客的欢迎。1.Although/Though本题考查连词。前半句说村庄很小,而后半句却说“我”在村庄里度过了一整天,前后存在明显的转折关系,故应用表转折关系的连词Altho
29、ugh/Though。2.of本题考查介词。句意:由于黄爷爷的辛勤劳动,这个村子变得很受欢迎。固定短语because of意为“因为,由于”,故本空填of。知识拓展 because是连词,后边跟句子;because of后边加名词或者动名词(短语)。如:(1)He came to work late because he got up late.(2)He came to work late because of getting up late.3.ago本题考查副词。三十多年前,他在那里买了一栋房子。ago以前;over 30 years ago 三十多年前。故本空填ago。4.his本题考
30、查代词。“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”意为“某人自己的”,由此可知本空填his。5.animals本题考查名词。由空后所举的例子such as cats and birds可知,这里说的是关于动物的画,故本空填animals。6.favourite/favorite本题考查形容词。根据后一句I liked him so much that.可知,Andy是我最喜欢的歌手,故本空填favorite/favourite。7.take本题考查动词短语。take a photo of 拍一张的照片。空前有不定式符号to,所以这里的take只能用原形,故本空填take。8.a本题考查不定冠词。a l
31、ot of 许多,属于固定搭配,故本空填a。9.life本题考查名词。live a/an.life 过着的生活。10.and 本题考查连词。空前的had a good time和空后的wished to visit it again之间是并列关系,故填and。重点词汇pull down 拆除in order to 为了such as 比如well-known Chinese sayings著名的中国谚语限时训练2字数建议用时正确率19110mins_/10 语篇解读一个美国家庭邀请电视台记录他们一个月没有技术性机器的生活,从而纠正家庭成员沉迷网络的坏习惯。1.without考查上下文语境。由第
32、一句中的without the Internet可知,此处应填without。2.the考查冠词的用法。“the+姓氏复数”表示“一家人”。3.they此处为so.that.结构,that后面跟了一个结果状语从句,从句缺少主语,指代Mr.Smith,Mrs.Smith and their two sons,因此此处填they。4.sits考查动词短语。sit at the table表示“坐在桌子旁边”。此处表示“到了饭点,没人到餐桌前坐下一起吃饭”,no one作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,此处应填sits。5.If考查if引导条件状语从句的用法。if引导条件状语从句时,遵循“主将从
33、现”的原则。结合上文Smith太太担心如果他们不做出改变,他们以后将会变成陌生人。因此填If。6.easy考查上下文语境。根据第一、二段可知,Smith全家人沉迷于网络科技,突然没有了网络,他们肯定会不适应,由此推断此处说要回归正常的无网络生活是不容易的,应填easy。7.changes考查上下文语境和细节理解。上文“we dont make a change”与“They have to make many”前后呼应。结合后面举的例子可知,此处表示“他们要做出很多改变”。8.library考查词汇推断。由空后的to borrow books可知,应填library。9.online考查上下文理解和词语推断。根据前文说Smith先生和太太需要外出购物可知,没有网络无法在网上购物,因此应填online。10.kinds考查固定搭配。all kinds of 为固定搭配,意为“各种各样的”,因此应填kinds。
