1、第第06讲讲 英语四级图表作文英语四级图表作文 图表作文就是把非文字信息（通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等）转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文字来描述非文字性的图表或对图表显示的关系作解释说明。图表作文的类型图表作文的类型（1）表格（Table）（2）圆形图（Pie chart）（3）曲线图（Line graph）（4）条形图（Bar graph）图表作文的出题形式图表作文的出题形式 例1 题目：Changes in Peoples Diet(1991年6月四级试题)Study the following table carefully and your composition must
2、be based on the information given in the table.Write three paragraphs to:1.state the changes in peoples diet(饮食)in the past five years;2.give possible reasons for the changes;3.draw your own conclusions.You should quote as few figures as possible.YearYearFoodFood1986198619871987198819881989198919901
3、990GrainGrain49%49%47%47%46.5%46.5%45%45%45%45%MilkMilk10%10%11%11%11%11%12%12%13%13%MeatMeat17%17%20%20%22.5%22.5%23%23%21%21%Fruit and Fruit and VegetablesVegetables24%24%22%22%20%20%20%20%21%21%TotalTotal100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%例2 题目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton City(1991年6月6
4、级试题)Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;1.Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;2.Possible reason(s)for the decline of car accidents in the city;3.Your predictions of what will happen this year.Your composition should be no
5、 less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.例3 For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries.Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions(
6、given in Chinese):1.以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命（life expectancy）和婴儿死亡率（infant mortality）的变化情况2.说明引起变化的各种原因 题型题型：图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示 要求要求：1）用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势；2）就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。图表作文的写作要领图表作文的写作要领图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况
7、等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。图表作文的写作步骤图表作文的写作步骤1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；3）编列文章的提纲；4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡；5）检查与修改。图表作文的篇章结构图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。第
8、一段：往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段：分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段：则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。图表作文常用的句型图表作文常用的句型（1）开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法）According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph,we can see/conclude that The table/graph reveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/points out)that As we can see from t
9、he table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown(illustrated/indicated)in the pie chart 图表作文常用的句型图表作文常用的句型(2)描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in;then came a sharp increase of In the number remains the same/drops to There
10、was a very slight(small/slow/gradual)rise/increase in 1990.There was a very steady(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic)drop(decrease/decline/fall/reduction)in 1998/compared with that of last year).根据例根据例2的题目要求写的范文的题目要求写的范文 From the graph,we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city fluc
11、tuated during the year of 1990.The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend.The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June.From June on,the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August.After August the rate began to decline remarkably,and eventually dropped to the lo
12、west point 16 at the end of the year.Therefore,its obvious that car accident in Walton city declined in 1990.There are several reasons for the decline.First,a new traffic law was made and came into force.It provided that in summer every car must be air-conditioned.As a result,the highest rate in Aug
13、ust,when humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient and easily lead to car accidents,dropped steadily.Second,new roads were built and some narrow streets were widened,which quickened the flow of traffic.Finally,the city administration made great efforts to heighten peoples awareness of obs
14、erving traffic rules.With all these new measures,Im sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go on falling this year.写作练习写作练习请大家在30分钟内完成。大家在写作的过程中要注意审题，考虑文章的结构、采用的扩展方法、开头的结尾的方法以及文章中的过渡等。Changes in Peoples DietStudy the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the inf
15、ormation given in the table.Write 3 paragraphs to:1.state the changes in peoples diet(饮食)in the past five years;2.give possible reasons for the changes;3.draw your own conclusions.You should quote as few figures as possible.YearYearFoodFood1986198619871987198819881989198919901990GrainGrain49%49%47%4
16、7%46.5%46.5%45%45%45%45%MilkMilk10%10%11%11%11%11%12%12%13%13%MeatMeat17%17%20%20%22.5%22.5%23%23%21%21%Fruit Fruit&VegetablesVegetables24%24%22%22%20%20%20%20%21%21%TotalTotal100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%参考答案参考答案 As is shown in the table,there have been great changes in peoples diet betw
17、een 1986 and 1990.From the table,we can find that grain,formerly the main food of most Chinese people,is now playing a less important role in peoples diet.And the same goes for fruit and vegetables.On the other hand,the consumption of high-nutrition food such milk and meat has increased rapidly.What
18、 has caused these changes?There are mainly three reasons.(6)First,people are much wealthier than before.(7)With higher income,they can afford to buy nutritious foods.(8)Second,people have realized the importance of a balanced diet to their health.(9)Lack of certain amount of meat or milk,for example
19、,will result in poor health.(10)Finally,owing to the economic reform,meat and milk,which were scarce in the past,are produced in large quantities.(11)Although milk and meat are important to ones health,eating too much rich food may result in obesity and may other diseases.(12)Therefore,people should not only eat a lot of milk and meat,but also enough grain,fruit and vegetable for the sake of their health.
