1、1 代词代词 定义：定义：代词用来代替名词或名词词组，在代词用来代替名词或名词词组，在句中用以避免名词的重复。代词的使用必须句中用以避免名词的重复。代词的使用必须和它所代替的名词在人称、数、性、格上取和它所代替的名词在人称、数、性、格上取得一致。得一致。分类：分类：一一.人称代词人称代词 二二.物主代词物主代词 三三.反身代词反身代词 四四.指示代词指示代词 五五.疑问代词疑问代词 六六.it的用法的用法 七七.不定代词不定代词 一一.人称代词的单复数人称代词的单复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I我mewe我们us第二人称you你youyou你们you第三人称he他himthey他们、她们
2、、它们themshe她herit它it人称人称数数格格4二二.物主代词单复数（表所有关系）物主代词单复数（表所有关系）物主代词形容词性名词性单数第一人称my我的mine我的第二人称your你的yours你的第三人称his他的his他的her她的hers她的its它的its复数第一人称our我们的ours我们的第二人称your你们的yours你们的第三人称their他们的、她们的，它们的theirs他们的、她们的，它们的类别类别人称人称数数物主代词的用法及例句物主代词的用法及例句形容词性物主代词的用法形容词性物主代词的用法只能作定语修饰名词。只能作定语修饰名词。例如：例如：My friend i
3、s going to the museum with his brother.我的朋友要跟他的哥哥去我的朋友要跟他的哥哥去博物馆。博物馆。名词词性物主代词的用法名词词性物主代词的用法作主语作主语：Our room is on the first floor and theirs is on the second.我们的房我们的房间在一楼，他们的在二楼。间在一楼，他们的在二楼。作宾语：作宾语：I didnt have any dictionary,so I borrowed hers.我没有字典所以借她我没有字典所以借她的。的。作表语作表语:This pen is yours and that
4、one is mine.这支笔试你的，那支是我的。这支笔试你的，那支是我的。3.以下结构中，必须用以下结构中，必须用 the，而不能用形容，而不能用形容词性物主代词。词性物主代词。touch sb.on the head 摸某人的头摸某人的头 hit sb.in the face 打某人的脸打某人的脸 catch sb.by the arm 抓住某人的手臂抓住某人的手臂 1.Could you help _(I/me)with the box?2.I go to school with _(his/him)every day.3.She gives _(our/us)lessons every
5、 morning.4.Isnt _(he/him/it)a kind person?5._(They/Their)are going to Beijing.6.Tom and _(me/I)would rather stay at home.7.I like _(my/mine)new watch very much.8._(Yours/Your)record is broken and so is _(mine/my).I.Fill in each blank with the correct form of the pronouns given in the brackets.1.Coul
6、d you help _(I/me)with the box?2.I go to school with _(his/him)every day.3.She gives _(our/us)lessons every morning.4.Isnt _(he/him/it)a kind person?5._(They/Their)are going to Beijing.6.Tom and _(me/I)would rather stay at home.7.I like _(my/mine)new watch very much.8._(Yours/Your)record is broken a
7、nd so is _(mine/my).I.Fill in each blank with the correct form of the pronouns given in the brackets.me him us he They Imy Your mine 英语中把用来表示英语中把用来表示这个、那个、这些、这个、那个、这些、那些那些等指示概念的代词等指示概念的代词称为指示代词。称为指示代词。单数形式单数形式 复数形式复数形式this这个that那个these这些those那些1.this和和these用于指距离较近的事物或人，用于指距离较近的事物或人，that和和those用于指用于指
8、较远的事物或人。较远的事物或人。e.g.:Thispictureisclearandthatpictureisnotclear.2打电话时用打电话时用that问对方是谁，用问对方是谁，用this做自我介绍。做自我介绍。e.g.:ThisisMaryspeaking.Whosthat?3that(those)可以代替前面提到的名词，以免重复，可以代替前面提到的名词，以免重复，this(these)不能。不能。e.g.:ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofIndia.SomeTVsetsmadeinChinaarejustasgoodasthosemadei
9、nJapan.四四 反身代词反身代词 1.表表“某人自己某人自己”。e.g.:He finished the task by himself.2.在句子中用来加强语气，表示在句子中用来加强语气，表示“亲自，本人亲自，本人”。e.g.:Lucy herself told me the news.露西亲自告诉我这个消息。露西亲自告诉我这个消息。e.g.:Youd better ask the teacher yourself.你最好亲自问问老师。你最好亲自问问老师。3.反身代词常用在动词反身代词常用在动词enjoy，teach，help，wash，look after等词后以及一些介词后。如：等词
10、后以及一些介词后。如：e.g.:enjoy oneself(过得愉快过得愉快)、help oneself(请自便请自便)、teach oneself(自学自学)、wash oneself(自己洗澡自己洗澡)、look after oneself(自自己照料自己己照料自己)。1.I am teaching _ English.2.This is a machine that works by _.3.She looked at _ in the looking-glass.4.The kids seem very pleased with _.5.The meeting _ was quite
11、interesting.6.She thinks only about _,never about other people.7.Tom,no one will help you now.So please do it by _.Fill in the blanks with pronouns ending in-self or-selves.1.I am teaching _ English.2.This is a machine that works by _.3.She looked at _ in the looking-glass.4.The kids seem very pleas
12、ed with _.5.The meeting _ was quite interesting.6.She thinks only about _,never about other people.7.Tom,no one will help you now.So please do it by _.Fill in the blanks with pronouns ending in-self or-selves.myself itself herself themselves itself herself yourself 疑问代词疑问代词who,whom,whose,what 和和whic
13、h都是用都是用来构成特殊疑问句的。来构成特殊疑问句的。who通常作主语和表语，通常作主语和表语，whom作宾语。作宾语。e.g.:What are you doing now?五五.疑问代词疑问代词2022-12-19Discovering“It”(1).It rains heavily.(2).It is 20 kilometers from Garys house to James.(3).It is November 11,2005.(4).It is 9 oclock at night.天气天气距离距离日期日期时间时间六六.itit的用法的用法1.it1.it作无人称代词的用法：作无人
14、称代词的用法：2022-12-192.2.i it t作人称代词可指一般动物和无生命的东西作人称代词可指一般动物和无生命的东西(1)指前面的名词。指前面的名词。e.g.:The dog is in the garden，isnt it?狗在花园里，是吗狗在花园里，是吗?(2)指前面的句子。指前面的句子。e.g.:She is weak at spoken English and she realized it.她的英语口语很差，她的英语口语很差，她意识到了这一点。她意识到了这一点。(3)(3)作形式主语，代替后面的动名词、不定式、短语或句子所表示的真正作形式主语，代替后面的动名词、不定式、短语
15、或句子所表示的真正主语。主语。e.g.:It is necessary for you to get up early.It is no use arguing with him.It is strange that he didnt come yesterday.(4)(4)作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正宾语。作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正宾语。e.g.:She feels it her duty to help others.I thought it no use talking to him about it.2022-12-193.it可可引导强
16、调句型，可以对句子中的成分加以强调，旨在加强语气引导强调句型，可以对句子中的成分加以强调，旨在加强语气It is+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分句子剩余部分 将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that 之后。被强调部分可以之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，强调的主语如果是人，that 可以由可以由 who 换用换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法是判断强调句型与其它
17、从句的方法e.g.:It was I who met your brother at the station yesterday.是我昨天在车站遇见你哥哥的。是我昨天在车站遇见你哥哥的。不定代词列表：不定代词列表：some 一些（可数或不可数）一些（可数或不可数）somebody 某人某人 someone 某人某人 something 某事，某物某事，某物 any 一些，任何（可数或不可数）一些，任何（可数或不可数）用来代替不具体的某个或某些名词的代词叫用来代替不具体的某个或某些名词的代词叫不定代词。不定代词。anybody 任何人任何人 anyone 任何人任何人 anything 任何事，
18、任何物任何事，任何物 no 无（可数或不可数）无（可数或不可数）nobody 无人无人 no one 无一人无一人 nothing 无事，无物无事，无物 all 全体，全部（三者或以上）全体，全部（三者或以上）both 两者都两者都.each 每个每个 none 没有人或物没有人或物(指三个或以上当中指三个或以上当中)neither 没有人或物（指两个当中）没有人或物（指两个当中）either 任何一个（指两个当中）任何一个（指两个当中）every 每个每个 everyone 每人每人 everybody 每人，大家，人人每人，大家，人人 everything 每一个事物，一切每一个事物，一切
19、 other 其他的其他的 others 另一些另一些 another 另外一个，又一个另外一个，又一个 many 很多（可数）很多（可数）much 很多（不可数）很多（不可数）few 很少（可数）很少（可数）a few 一些，几个（可数）一些，几个（可数）little 很少（不可数）很少（不可数）a little 一些（不可数）一些（不可数）one 一个（人或物）一个（人或物）复合不定代词复合不定代词 somebody 某人某人 someone 某人某人 something 某事、某物某事、某物 anybody 任何人任何人 anyone 任何人任何人anything 任何事、任何物任何事、
20、任何物nobody 无一人无一人 no one 无一人无一人 nothing 无一物、无一事无一物、无一事everybody 每个人每个人 everyone 每个人每个人everything 每件事、一切每件事、一切1.She didnt tell(nobody/anybody/somebody)about her plans.2.The accident looked serious but fortunately(nobody/somebody/anybody)was injured.3.I looked out of the window but I couldnt see(somebo
21、dy/nobody/anybody).4.You must be hungry.Can I get you(anything/something/everything)to eat?5.“Whats in that box?”“(Nothing/Anything).Its empty.”Choose the right answers from the brackets to complete the following sentences.1.anybody 2.nobody 3.anybody 4.something 5.Nothing 当形容词或当形容词或else(另外另外)修饰复合不定
22、代词修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词等时，形容词或或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。必须放在复合不定代词的后面。e.g.:Xiao Ming,I have something important to tell you.We need one more helper.Can you find anyone else?28 1.some与anya)some和和any 均表示均表示“一些”，修饰，修饰可数名词，也，也可修饰可修饰不可数名词。b)some一般用于一般用于肯定句肯定句中，中，c)any多用于多用于疑问句疑问句、否定句否定句和和条
23、件句条件句中。中。d)在疑问句中，在疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表达请求、建议时应用达请求、建议时应用some。如：如：Would you like some tea?Yes，please.2.both与与all，neither，noneboth:两者都，常与两者都，常与and 连用连用(=2)all:三者或三者以上都三者或三者以上都(3)3)neither:两者都不两者都不(=2)none:三者或三者以上都不三者或三者以上都不(3)3)neither/none:常与常与of连用连用1).Both she and I are students.2).
24、All of us should go there at once.3).Neither of us is right.4).None of them likes the book.1.The woman has three sons._of them are teachers.(Both;All)2.John and Mary have _won prizes.(both;all)3.They all came to the playground for morning exercises._of them were late.(Neither；None)l1.Alll2.bothl3.No
25、ne3.each与与everyeach和和every都表示都表示“每一个每一个”。a)each 指指两个或两个以上两个或两个以上的人或事物，强的人或事物，强调调个别，可单用个别，可单用b)every 指指三个或三个以上三个或三个以上的人或事物，强的人或事物，强调调整体整体情况情况,不可单用不可单用 Each of us wears a red coat.(个别个别)我们我们每个人都穿着红外套。每个人都穿着红外套。Every student passes the exam.(整体整体)所所有学生都通过了考试。有学生都通过了考试。4.little，few，a little，a few，many，m
26、uchl这些词都是表示数量的代词，用法如下：这些词都是表示数量的代词，用法如下：lFew words are best.少说话最好。少说话最好。lI have a little money.lI have a few friends.1.Very _ of them came to last nights meeting.(little;few)2.He is very careless;he made_mistakes in the exam.(few;a few)l1.fewl2.a fewl1.other+n.泛指泛指 “其他的，另外的其他的，另外的”l2.others=other+n.
27、泛指泛指“其他的人或物其他的人或物”e.g.：Some people are watching TV,while others(other people)are eating food.l3.the other 1).one.the other.（两者中一个（两者中一个.另一个另一个.）e.g.:They are twins.One likes painting,while the other likes reading.2).the other+n.特指特指“其余的人或物其余的人或物”l4.the others=the other+n.特指特指“其余的人或物其余的人或物”eg:In the
28、class,some students are listening,while the others(the other students)are taking notes.5.other,others,the other,the others1.Some like milk chocolate,and _prefer plain chocolate.2.Which _ do you want?_ will do.3.Will you have _ sugar in your tea?Yes,a _ please.4.Look at my hands;_ is on the table and
29、 the _ on my knee.Now,they are _ under the table.Fill in the blanks with suitable indefinite pronouns.1.Some like milk chocolate,and _prefer plain chocolate.2.Which _ do you want?_ will do.3.Will you have _ sugar in your tea?Yes,a _ please.4.Look at my hands;_ is on the table and the _ on my knee.No
30、w,they are _ under the table.Fill in the blanks with suitable indefinite pronouns.others one Either some one littleother both 练习：练习：1.I chose this coat in the end because_ones were all too expensive.A.the others B.another C.others D.the other 2.I couldnt find my black gloves _.A.nowhere B.somewhere
31、C.everywhere D.anywhere3.A few days ago I visited a friend of _ and that day I learned a valuable lesson.A.me B.mineC.my D.myself4.My parents and I couldnt get into the house last night because_of us had the key A.all B.either C.none D.neither5.Do you want to change this lamp for _or do you want your money back?A.other B.another C.other one D.the others 6.He knows_about the city,for he has never been there.A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing7.The police told _to stay in their cars.A.anybody B.everybody C.nobody D.somebody答案：答案：1-7 DDBCBDB45
