1、Unit 3 Product QualityWords&ExpressionsWarming upText A Text B ExerciseCulture Tour Words&Expressionsostensiblyadv.If something is done ostensibly for a particular reason,it is not really done this reason but people pretend that it is 表面上，假装地The big bosses went to Hawaii,ostensibly to launch the new
2、 project.大老板们打着启动新项目的名义去了夏威夷。We are fighting a war ostensibly for the good of Afghanistan but without the consent of its people.我们正在打的一场战争表面上对阿富汗有利，但并没有得到其人民的同意。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsadventn.the advent of the time when something first begins to be widely used.的出现（来临）With the advent of the Inter
3、net and social media,they must now monitor public sources and integrate that information with their clinical data.但随着互联网和社交媒体的出现，如今他们必须监控公共信息源，将这些信息与临床数据结合。With the advent of e-mail,these urban legends spread across the nations within hours.随着电子邮件的出现，这些都市流言只需数小时就能蔓延全球。2022-12-19Words&Expressionstact
4、ic n.a method you use to achieve something 手法；策略Salesmen employ all sorts of clever tactics to try and persuade you.销售员用尽各种聪明的手法努力说服你。Republicans accuse Democrats of using delaying tactics to prevent a final vote on the bill.共和党指责民主党采取拖延战术来阻止议案的最终票决。2022-12-19Words&Expressionswane vi.if something su
5、ch as power,influence,or a feeling wanes,it becomes gradually less strong or important（权利、影响、感觉等）逐渐减弱My enthusiasm for the project was waning.我对这个项目的热情逐渐淡下来。While his interest in these sports began to wane,a passion for lacrosse developed.他对这些运动项目的兴趣开始减退的同时，对长曲棍球的兴趣却浓厚起来。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsp
6、unchline n.the last few words of a joke or story,that make it funny or surprising（笑话、故事中最后几句点题或抛出笑料的）妙语，画龙点睛的结尾语 If you see those sorts of casual references,bear in mind they might just be there to make a punchline.如果看到这种非正式的参考信息，记住这些有可能只是为了抖个包袱而已。Even though you know the punchline,the scientific id
7、eas that get explored in discussing the possibilities are interesting and exciting.尽管你们知道亮点，但科学想法的探索和可能性的讨论是有趣且激动人心的。2022-12-19Words&Expressionscoincidevi.to happen at the same time as something else,especially by chance 同时发生，（尤指）巧合Suspects are interviewed in separate rooms to see if their stories c
8、oincide.嫌疑犯放在不同房间询问口供，看看他们的说法是否吻合。The show is timed to coincide with the launch of a new book.这次展览会安排与一本新书的推出同时进行。2022-12-19Words&Expressionssophisticated adj.a sophisticated machine,system,method etc is very cleverly designed and very advanced and often works in a complicated way（机器、系统、方法等）精密的；高级的，
9、尖端的；复杂的 It includes a sophisticated plug-in solution that turns it into a true development platform.它包含成熟的插件解决方案，这使它成为一个真正的开发平台。Honeybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect.蜜蜂所使用的交流系统是昆虫中最复杂的之一。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsvariable n.a variable is a factor that can c
10、hange in quality,quantity,or size,that you have to take into account in a situation 可变因素There are too many variables in the experiment to predict the result precisely.实验中可变因素太多，难以准确预测结果。Decisions could be made on the basis of price,delivery dates,after-sales service or any other variable.决定可以基于价格、送货
11、日期、售后服务或是任何其他可变因素而做出。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsundertake vt.To accept that you are responsible for a piece of work,and start to do it 着手做；承担，接受If you undertake the project,you are bound to encounter difficulties.如果你承接这项工程的话，免不了会遇到许多困难。Dr Johnson undertook the task of writing a comprehensive English
12、 dictionary.约翰逊博士担负起编写一本综合性英语词典的工作。2022-12-19Words&Expressionspremium adj.premium products are of a higher than usual quality and are often expensive 高端的At the premium end of the market,business is booming.在市场的高端销售区，生意火爆。People are prepared to pay premium prices for quality products.人们愿意出高价购买优质产品。20
13、22-12-19Words&Expressionspenalize vt.To treat someone unfairly or make them have a disadvantage 对待.不公平；使.处于不利位置Sales taxes penalize the consumers.销售税对消费者不利。The team was penalized for wasting time.该队因拖延时间而受到处罚。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsunderlying adj.the underlying features of an object,event,or sit
14、uation are not obvious,and it may be difficult to discover or reveal them 根本的；潜在的He theorized that the underlying cause of the war was slavery.他从理论上阐明这次战争的根本原因在于奴隶制度。There is an underlying assumption that younger workers are easier to train.有一种潜在的假设，认为年轻一些的雇员容易培训。2022-12-19Words&Expressionssentiment
15、n.an opinion or feeling you have about something 意见，观点；感想It is my sentiment that we should vote against the motion.我的意见是我们应该对这个动议投反对票。He was more in touch with public sentiment than many of his critics.比起许多批评他的人，他更了解公众的意见。2022-12-19Words&Expressionssurpassvt.to be better or greater than someone or s
16、omething 超过；胜过 The unemployment rate will probably surpass 10 percent this year and remain above 9 percent well into next year.失业率将有可能在今年超过10%，并在明年保持在9%以上。There the people-made pollutants increasingly surpass the ability of air and water to dilute the contaminants to safe levels.在那里，人为的污染物质日益超越了空气和水
17、将污染物分解稀释到安全水平的能力。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsinherently adv.in an inherent manner 内在地，固有地 The model is not inherently flawed,but it is only a part of the answer to establishing a sustainable economy.这种模式并没有内在的缺陷，但要想建立一种可持续发展的经济，它只是答案的一部分。On the competition side,evolution by selection is an inherently
18、 competitive process.从竞争角度来看，选择的进化是一种固有的竞争进程。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsmyriad adj.too many to count 无数的，不计其数的 Project Managers face a myriad of challenges on the journey to achieve resource,service and financial optimization.项目经理在实现资源、服务和财务最优化的过程中面临着无数的挑战。Every day,wittingly or unwittingly,we make
19、a myriad of connections with people around the world.每天，无论是有意还是无意，我们都会和周围的人有无数的联系。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsnascent ing into existence and starting to develop 初生的，新生的；开始发展的Energy-guzzling factories that are shut down,in many cases,cant be immediately offset by low-carbon industries that are still i
20、n their nascent stage.在许多情况下，因为低耗能产业现在正处于初级起步阶段，所以也不能抵消关闭高耗能工厂的代价。This ultimately means that startups in countries with nascent communities,such as the Philippines,are substantially harder to manage.最终，这意味着在像菲律宾那样只有社区雏形的国家，在企业管理上相当的难。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsprevailingadj.existing or accepted in a
21、 particular place or at a particular time流行的，盛行的Laws ban discrimination,the internet allows people to air their complaints and the prevailing management culture emphasizes sensitivity.法律禁止歧视，网络便让人们有抱怨之处，而且如今盛行的管理文化特别注重变通。We have a prevailing view in our society not only in the policy world,but in ma
22、ny spheres that we are divided creatures.在我们的社会里有一种流行的观点不但存在于政策领域，而且存在与许多其它领域那就是我们是被分割的生物。2022-12-19Words&Expressionserode vt.gradually destroy or reduce something such as someones power,rights and or confidence 逐步损害，削弱（权力、权利或信心）She feels that her personal authority has been eroded.她觉得自己的威信已被削弱。If c
23、ompetition would erode profits,firms would find no incentive for“strategic”investments and behaviors.如果竞争会侵蚀利润，企业将会没有动机去实施“战略”投资和行为。2022-12-19Words&Expressionspropel vt.to move,drive or push something forward 推动，推进；驱动 Its a“success secret”that is rarely used,but if used properly will propel you towa
24、rds success.我们以前很少运用这个“成功的秘诀”，其实如果加以合理利用，它将会激励我们走向成功。These designs fuel demand and propel brand loyalty.这些设计鼓动需求并推进品牌忠诚度。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsattribute vt.to say that a situation or event is cause by something 把.归因于.The fall in the number of deaths from heart disease is generally attributed to
25、 improvements in diet.心脏病死亡人数的下降归因于日常饮食的改善。Women tend to attribute their success to external causes such as luck.女性往往把她们的成功归因于外因，如运气。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsniche n.a job or activity that is perfect for someone 十分适合的工作（活动）What you have to do is find a niche for your product or service.你要做的就是为你的产品
26、或服务找到市场定位。Simon Lane quickly found his niche as a busy freelance model maker.西蒙莱恩很快找到了合适的工作，成为了一名忙碌的自由职业模型工。2022-12-19Words&Expressionspump out to pump out something means to produce or supply it continually and in large amounts 不断地大量推出 Theres a huge amount of propaganda pumped out by the food indus
27、try.食品工业进行了大张旗鼓的宣传。Japanese companies have been pumping out plenty of innovative products.日本的公司一直在不断推出各种新款的产品。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsdescent n.the process of going down 下降，降落 Passengers must fasten their seat belts prior to descent.乘客在飞机降落之前必须系好安全带。The descent to Base Camp took about two days.往下
28、走到大本营大约要两天时间。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsusher into be the start of something new 宣告，开创With trends like this,the Age of the Internet could usher in an era of unprecedented citizen enlightenment.有了这样的发展趋势，互联网时代将有可能迎来公民空前觉醒时期的到来。Globalization and the Internet,after all,were supposed to usher in an age
29、in which people could live and work wherever they wanted.全球化和互联网本应带领我们进入一个美丽新时代。在这个新时代里，在哪儿工作和生活都一样。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsmultitudinous adj.very many 大量的，众多的Technical resources sharing involves multitudinous departments and enormous benefit.科技资源共享涉及众多部门，牵涉利益巨大。Now,our companys produce market sp
30、reads Europe,US and Japan,Our superior quality and the rivalrous price help us win the multitudinous customer.现在，公司的产品远销欧洲，美国及日本市场，以优越的品质和具有竞争力的价格赢得了众多的客户。2022-12-19Words&Expressionsplethora n.An amount of something that is larger than is needed or more than you can deal with 过多，过剩；过量A plethora of n
31、ew operators will be allowed to enter the market.过多的新经营者将获准进入市场。In support of this growing interest,the marketplace offers a plethora of best practices,articles,and books on IT portfolio management.为了支持这种增长的兴趣，市场提供过多的有关 IT 投资组合管理的最佳实践、文章和书籍。2022-12-19Words&Expressionssavvy n.practical knowledge and
32、ability 实际知识和能力He is known for his political savvy and strong management skills.他以其政治洞察力和高超的管理手段闻名。A business school can offer networking,mentoring,and other perks,but nobody can teach you enthusiasm and business savvyexcept yourself.商学院可以提供人脉，座佑铭，还有各种好处，然而没有人可以教给你激情和悟性-除了你自己之外.2022-12-19Words&Expre
33、ssions Warming upWarming up1.How important is product quality for a manufacturer?Present era is the“Era of Quality”.In this age of cut-throat competition and large scale production,only that manufacturer can survive who supplies better quality goods and renders service to-the consumersWarming up2.Wh
34、at is craftsmanship?Craftsmanship is the quality that comes from creating with passion,care,and attention to detail.It is a quality that is honed,refined,and practiced over the course of a career.Warming up3.What is your impression on“Made in China”?Made in China is now not only about manufacturing,
35、but is focusing more on innovation and design.Industrial design has developed rapidly in recent years thanks to government support.Chinas has released its roadmap for the manufacturing sector.The Made in China 2025 initiative aspires to revive Chinas manufacturing sector and make it a competitive gl
36、obal player.Text A High Online User Ratings Dont Actually Mean Youre Getting a Quality Product Do you refer to the user ratings and comments when shopping online?Do you trust the online user ratings?2022-12-19Lead-in Discussion2022-12-19Structural AnalysisPara.TopicPara.1-3The background and introdu
37、ction of the researchPara.4-7Ahostofissueswithuserratings:statisticalissues,samplingissuesandevaluationissues2022-12-19Para.Main IdeaaPara.8-9Two research questionsPara.10-14KeyresearchfindingsPara.15-16Commentsonthefindings Bart de Langhe:Bart de Langhe is an assistant professor of marketing at the
38、 Leeds School of Business,University of Colorado,Boulder.His research examines consumer and managerial intuitions about data,metrics,and statistics.2022-12-19Notes Phil Fernbach:Phil Fernbach is a cognitive scientist and assistant professor of marketing at the Leeds School of Business at the Univers
39、ity of Colorado,Boulder,where he studies how people think and make decisions.2022-12-19Notes Donald R.Lichtenstein:Donald R.Lichtenstein is Professor of Marketing at the University of Colorado,Boulder.His research focuses primarily on consumer perceptions and interpretations of price and price promo
40、tions.2022-12-19Notes Michelin Star:The term“Michelin Star”is a hallmark of fine dining quality,and restaurants around the world proudly promote their Michelin Star status.米其林星2022-12-19NotesYelp:Yelp is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Francisco,California.It develops,host
41、s and markets Y and the Yelp mobile app,which publish crowd-sourced reviews about local businesses,as well as the online reservation service Yelp Reservations and online food-delivery service Eat24.The company also trains small businesses in how to respond to reviews,hosts social events for reviewer
42、s,and provides data about businesses,including health inspection scores.2022-12-19Notes Gillette:Gillette is a brand of mens safety razors and other personal care products including shaving supplies,owned by the multi-national corporation Procter&Gamble(P&G).吉列2022-12-19NotesText B How“Made In China
43、”Became Cool2022-12-19Made in China 20252022-12-19 Made in China 2025,endorsed by Premier Li Keqiang,is the countrys first action plan focusing on promoting manufacturing.The plan will be followed by another two plans in order to transform China into a leading manufacturing power by the year 2049,wh
44、ich marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.Made in China 2025 Nine tasks have been identified as priorities:improving manufacturing innovation,integrating technology and industry,strengthening the industrial base,fostering Chinese brands,enforcing green manufact
45、uring,promoting breakthroughs in 10 key sectors,advancing restructuring of the manufacturing sector,promoting service-oriented manufacturing and manufacturing-related service industries,and internationalizing manufacturing.2022-12-19Made in China 2025 The 10 key sectors are new information technolog
46、y,numerical control tools and robotics,aerospace equipment,ocean engineering equipment and high-tech ships,railway equipment,energy saving and new energy vehicles,power equipment,new materials,medicine and medical devices,and agricultural machinery.To fulfill the tasks,Made in China 2025 will focus
47、on five major projects,including establishing a manufacturing innovation center and boosting intelligent manufacturing,said the notice.2022-12-19 McKinsey:McKinsey&Company is a worldwide management consulting firm.It conducts qualitative and quantitative analysis in order to evaluate management deci
48、sions across the public and private sectors.Widely considered the most prestigious management consultancy in the world,McKinseys clientele includes 80%of the worlds largest corporations,and an extensive list of governments and non-profit organizations.麦肯锡 2022-12-19Notes World Luxury Association:The
49、 World Luxury Association is a self-proclaimed“international organization”that conducts various activities relating to luxury goods.世界奢侈品协会2022-12-19NotesExercises Text AI.1-7 DADABCCII.A.1-5 CAADD 6-10 BADCC B.1.In light of 2.go with 3.associated with 4.a host of 5.correspond with 6.in terms of 7.s
50、tem from 8.when it comes to 9.range from.to 10.related toIII.1-5 EBILH 6-10 JOMDG2022-12-19Text AIV.1.如果所有产品使用者都对产品进行打分，得出的平均评级和一部分产品使用者的平均评级是不完全统一的。2.此外，众所周知消费者对产品的质量评定不仅基于客观的产品性能，还深受其他因素影响，例如品牌形象、产品价格和包装设计。3.我们发现在消费者报告中评分相同的两种产品，品牌美誉度百分位排名中名列第十名的产品（例如索尼数码相机）和名列倒数第十名的产品（卡西欧数码相机）只相差0.4个星级。4.实际上，多数研究
