1、Making Successful PresentationsWhat is a presentation?A presentation is a form of public speaking.topic+speaker+audienceA presentation is a talk with the speaker presenting new ideas,new products,new services in an attractive,interesting way.What can a presentation do for you?Convey information more
2、 efficiently and effectivelyDemonstrate proficiency in subject matter to supervisors and clientsWhy should one give an oral presentation?Nothing can match the impact of a live presentation given by a lively individual.The YOU element is crucial.Symptoms:Visible and Invisibleblushingmemory lossfiller
3、 wordsfidgetingbutterfliesracing heartsweaty palmsdry mouthSet a clear objectiveSo you must Inform Persuade/Sell Inspire Teach/TrainNote:All effective presentations involve an element of persuasion!What do you want your audience to know or do as a result of your communication?Determine Your Objectiv
4、eu Should be specificu Should be be measurable PlanningWhy am I giving this talk?Who is going to be out there?What am I going to say?Where and when will the meeting be?How am I going to do it?Analyze the Audience Who are they?What do they know?How will they respond?How can you appeal to them?What mi
5、ght they object to?Organizing Your Ideas Organizing to suit the material and its treatmentOrganizing to suit the audienceOrganizing Your IdeasThe descriptive approachThe events approachThe progress reportThe scientific approachThe solution approachOrganizing Your IdeasThe best alternative approachTh
6、e need/satisfaction approach The tell them approachSpoken CommunicationOral communication is difficult to follow Minds work 4x faster than mouths People only remember 18-25%of what they hearWe think in pictures and understand new concepts through experienceSpeaking for the EarUse Simple,Specific,Con
7、crete Nouns.Prefer Strong Active VerbsAvoid Long SentencesDont Fear Intelligent Repetition.Listeners Must Understand as You Speak;There is no“Instant Replay”Button100%100%AttentionTimeTypical Attention CurveUse“three strike”structure to gain and retain audience attentionINTRODUCTION:Tell them what y
8、oure going to tell themBODY:Tell themCONCLUSION:Tell them what youve told themINTRODUCTION-the essentialsGain audience attention and motivate them to listenState your purpose and BIG IDEAPreview key points/arguments-prepare them to follow your thinkingTransition smoothly to first pointInvolve your a
9、udience in shared objective“Today we will see that preparation is the key to a successful job interview”INTRODUCTION:State your objective and main messageINTRODUCTION:Preview key points/arguments“There are three things you should do to prepare for any interview:1).2).3).”Put these on your agenda sli
10、deINTRODUCTION:Transition smoothly to first key point.“To look at each of these steps in more detail,lets first examine your starting point:creating a good resume.”(Start with your strongest or most important point-based on audience experience and bias)Use a“moving blueprint”slidePlan clear transiti
11、ons between key pointsReinforce how key points relate back to your main message and objectiveUse visuals and delivery techniques to maintain audience attentionBODY:Lead audience through the logic of your thinkingReinforce objectiveSummarize key points in longer presentationStress benefits to audienc
12、eDescribe any next steps or action neededCONCLUSION:Tell them what youve told themGathering Supporting MaterialsStatisticsDefinitionExamplesComparisons and contrasts(analogy)Testimony and quotationsThe tell them approachTell them what youre going to tell them.=IntroductionThen tell them.=BodyFinally
13、 tell them what you told them.=CloseSelling Yourself and Your Ideau Control nervousnessu Polish nonverbalsu Use vocal variety What influences the message (in face-to face communication)VisualVocalVerbal55%7%Nonverbals are 55%of MessageVisual?Stance&MovementGesturesFacial ExpressionEye ContactSpaceTi
14、mingDressVisual AidsVisualPolish delivery skills-visualPractice,Practice,Practice!Delivery SkillsEye ContactGestures,Movement,StanceVoice and Speechu Place feet shoulder width apartu Distribute weight evenlyu Avoid rocking and bouncingu Move for a reasonStance and movementu Avoiding overactingu Dont
15、 be locked behind the lecternu Stay within the“frame”u Make the hands work for you not against youu Avoid repeating gestures too oftenu Avoid nervous gesturesGesturesEye Contactu Determined by cultureu Expected in USu Helps you“read”audienceu Look into,not at,the eyesEye ContactTo read or not to rea
16、d.Thats the question.Dont read from start to finish.Facial Expressionu Determined by cultureu Can help build rapportu Should match messageFormal?Informal?Spaceu Finish early rather than lateu Practice out loud and time practiceu Build in time for questions/visualsTiminguConsider audience/purposeu Be
17、 aware of environmentu Avoid“distractors”u Dont wear something newDressDressNever dress flashily.Be conservatively dressed.Conservative clothingSolid colorAdding an Extra Dimension with Visual AidWe learn through our senses,using each one to a varying degree.taste1%touch1.5%smell3.5%hearing11%sight8
18、3%A Way to Increase Retention01020304050HearSeeHear&See Retention Source:3M Meeting ManagmentVisual Aids:Visual StylesLists and tablesPie charts and mapsBlock diagrams Bar charts and Alpine chartsColor vs.black and-whiteCartoons Keep It Simple,Stern!Use message titles Ensure readability Be consisten
19、tThink visually,not verballyFollow design guidelines Magazines were most popular advertising medium in 1999MagazinesTelevision network cable spot24%Best exhibit#2138%Newspapers national local35%Other-3%Source:CMR data analyzed by Interep,Inc.Better example199719981999($Millions)0102030405060708090Sa
20、les hit new peak in 99Example:better slide titleOf top 5 markets,only US&UK increased retail sales from 98-99#1 US#2 Japan#3 UK#4 Germany#5 France-8%-4%04%8%+8%+1.9%Music industry retail sales growth from 98 99 Source:IFPI and CIBC World Markets For a subtitle:24 pointFor theY axis label:18 pointFor
21、 the X axis label:18 point For the source:16 point Use the correct font size:at least 36!Visual StylesChalkboardsChartboardsOverhear projectorsSlidesMoviesVideo tapeModelThink 6 x 6 6 lines per slide 6 words per lineThink 6 x 6Crowded bullet slides:we cant read them!l You can put lots of print on a
22、horizontal chart,without wrapping text lines too many timesl Even if you had 12 bullet points,you could fit them all on a single slidel You might even decide to change the line spacing to squeeze in your last ideal Your font size might still be readable in the back row-this,by the way,is a 32 point
23、fontl And writing complete sentences means you can stop worrying about those memory loss momentsl If you make margins really wide and use the space under the bullets,you can squeeze more in,too,just to make sure all your points are thereWhats wrong with this slide?Sometimes the font size can be too
24、small-this is 18 pointsWRITING IN ALL CAPS IS HARD TO READtoo much info on one slide can be a pain Whoops!Check the color on a screen!dont forget,always spell checkWhats wrong with this slide?Sometimes the font size can be too small-this is 18 pointsWRITING IN ALL CAPS IS HARD TO READtoo much info o
25、n one slide can be a pain Whoops!Check the color on a screen!dont forget,always spell checkTHIS IS A CENTERED,ALL CAPITALIZED,“ARIAL”FONT,WHICH IS A SANS SERIF FONT.THESE CHOICES MAKE THIS VISUAL HARD TO READ.Example:font/color choice Keep It Simple Stern Use message titles Ensure readability Be con
26、sistent Think visuallyFollow design guidelines 199719981999($Millions)0102030405060708090Sales hit new peak in 99Example:better slide title199719981999($Millions)0102030405060708090SalesExample:poor slide titleVocal traits are 38%of messageVocalVocal?Vary Vocal TraitsVocalVolumeRatePitchEnunciationF
27、iller wordsVocalDictionBe specificUse plain wordsUse words that draw picturesPractice makes perfectPractice in front of your bathroom mirrorPractice into a tape recorderPractice in front of your family membersRehearseAllow one hour of preparation for every minute you plan to speakChecking the detail
28、sBe an early bird Visit the place a week in advanceCheck facilitiesPlan to arrive about an hour before your audience is dueQuestions and answersReceive all questions cordiallyBe sure you listen carefullyThink before you answerIf you dont know,Say soSome quick tipsStart the preparation early.Give at
29、least one hour of preparation for every minute you plan to speak.Gather data,subject it to a value analysis:Some quick tipsAdd interest to your talk.Be sure that your audience willu listenu understandu be influencedSome quick tips Make your hands work for you,not against.Add an extra dimension with visual aids when necessary.Look on questions from audience as an opportunity.Some quick tipsShortness+Simplicity+Strength+Sincerity=A Good Talk Thank you
