1、聚合物聚合物/离子液体溶液和动态共价键凝胶的流变行为离子液体溶液和动态共价键凝胶的流变行为报告人:刘付永报告人:刘付永2013-11-09大纲大纲1、聚合物聚合物/离子液体溶液的流变行为离子液体溶液的流变行为2、动态共价键凝胶的流变行为、动态共价键凝胶的流变行为2聚合物聚合物/离子液体溶液的流变行为离子液体溶液的流变行为背景介绍背景介绍聚合物聚合物:(Polymer)是指具有非常大的分子量的化合物,分子间由结构单位、或单体经由共价键连接在一起的相对分子量在一万以上的化合物。3离子液体离子液体:(ionic liquids)一种由阴阳离子构成,在室温或接近室温(低于100)下呈液态的有机盐。聚合
2、物聚合物/离子液体溶液的流变行为离子液体溶液的流变行为能溶解纤维素水洗回收绿色环保电解质高电导率不挥发Armand,M.et al.,Nat.Mater.20094聚合物聚合物/离子液体溶液的流变行为离子液体溶液的流变行为H2CCH2On聚环氧乙烷聚环氧乙烷:(PEO)环氧乙烷开环聚合而成的线型聚醚,即可溶解于水,也可溶解于很多有机溶剂,两亲性高分子。小分子量的叫聚乙二醇(PEG),具有很好的生物相容性。Torimoto,T.et al.,Adv.Mater.2010 Rodriguez,H.;et al.PCCP 2009 PEO 与不同与不同ILs的亲和性不同的亲和性不同5动态共价键凝胶的
3、流变行为动态共价键凝胶的流变行为背景介绍背景介绍动态共价键动态共价键:(Dynamic Covalent Bonds)是一类可逆共价键,它们能在一定的环境条件下打开并建立起原料与产物分子间的热力学平衡反应,产物分子与原料分子始终处在一种持续的平衡中,原料和产物共存。A A2 2+B+B3 3A A2 2-B-B3 3动态共价键化学与超分子化学有相似处:结合是可逆的;不稳定网络;存在一种平衡。动态共价键化学断裂和形成慢;化学作用;键能大,稳定。超分子化学断裂和形成快;物理作用;键能小,不稳定。动态共价键化学与超分子化学不同之处6动态共价键凝胶的流变行为动态共价键凝胶的流变行为动态共价键的应用动态
4、共价键的应用自愈合凝胶Imato K,et al.,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,2012.Lehn,J.M,et al.,Chem.Commun.2007功能凝胶靶向给药Caixia Ding,et al.Biomacromolecules.2010,7动态共价键凝胶的流变行为动态共价键凝胶的流变行为 +kdk1Keq=k1/kd A A2 2B B3 3A A B BDynamic covalent bondsDynamic covalent bonds:酰腙键:酰腙键Deng GH,et al.,Macromolecules,2010,1191.流变特性以及背后的分子机理流变特性
5、以及背后的分子机理:凝胶化反应动力学凝胶化反应动力学机械性能机械性能自愈合机理自愈合机理8010k20k30k10-210010210401k2k3k10-210010210413.0v%16.7v%4.8v%9.1v%13.0v%G,G (Pa)Time(s)16.7v%a +kdk1A2B3AB2123dd Ak ABkA Bdt 123 dkABkA BA2=B3 2212312d Ak ABk Adt 1112 01cgelcptkAp凝胶化反应动力学22 01ApA tgel as a function of 1/A20k1 0.03 s-1 M-1(HAc=13.0 v%)k1 0
6、.003-0.043 s-1 M-1(HAc=13.0 v%)(HAc=4.8-16.7 v%)G,G“Vs.time for samples with different HAc second-order reaction动态共价键凝胶的流变行为动态共价键凝胶的流变行为9zeGPre-gelation:At gel point:Post-gelation:0nGG/ggqqqThree steps and corresponding scaling lawsMartin,J.E.;et al.,Phys.Rev.Lett.1988,2620Peyrelasse,J.;et al.Phys.R
7、ev.E 1996,61263.03.54.04.55.010-210-1100101a)Gelator concentration(wt%)tan frequency(rad/s)63.1 25.12 15.85 6.31 2.512 1.585cg=3.7 wt%0.20.30.40.50.6246810 =(c-cg)/cg (mPas)-1.50.1110101102103104105c)=(c-cg)/cgGe(Pa)tensile test oscillatory test2.5=1.5n=0.75z=2.5 dynamic covalent bonds are similar t
8、o the physical cross-links10-110010110210-310-210-110010110210-310-210-1100101102b)(rad/s)G(Pa)G(Pa)3.2wt%3.7wt%4.2wt%4.7wt%0.7510Mechanical Properties of Well-Developed Gels with High Gelator ConcentrationEffect of Temperature on the equilibrium modulus(Ge)10-210-110010110210110210310425 oC50 oC75
9、oC100 oC G,G (Pa)(rad/s)125 oCG and G vs.at different T.(cgelator=10.4 wt%,HAc=13.0 v%)The solid curves are the predictions of the Maxwell model:22020(/)/(1(/)(/)/(1(/)GGGG G0 is equilibrium modulus.is a frequency at which G=G”A2+B3A2-B3 +H2O高温高温kd=crosskd=0.1 s-1 at 125 Ckd=0.01 s-1 at 100 CKd=10-5
10、 s-1 at 25 C Keq=k1/kd3000 M-1 10-610-510-410-310-210-1100101102101102103104.(rad/s)G,G (Pa)25oC 125oC 100oC 50oC 75oC G.Temp.k1 0.03 s-1 M-111NMR analysisKeq=8000 M-1Table S1.Concentration of groups of reactors and productsA2/MB3/MA-B/MKeqInitial state0.020.0208000 M-1Equilibrium state0.00150.00150
11、.01812Tensile Properties of Gels at Low T1234560.00.10.20.3123450.000.05a)Gelator concentration 16.2wt%10.4wt%8.0wt%7.2wt%eng (MPa)123450.00.10.20.3c)eng (MPa)2(1/)engeGEngineering stress(eng)against extension ratio(=l/l0)eng against .The solid curve is the prediction of classical model with Ge=0.05
12、2 MPa All four samples clearly obey the neo-Hookean relationship,up to =3(300%stretch)10-1100101102103102103104strainstrain (%)G,G (Pa)(cgelator=16.2 wt%,HAc=13.0 v%)1314Self-Healing of Well-Developed Gels1.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.55.05.50.000.050.100.150.200.250.300.35 a)eng (MPa)original24h8h4h2h1234
13、560.000.050.100.150.200.250.300.35 b)eng (MPa)original8h4h2heng against for the gel self-healed different times.eng against the gel self-healed different times with the cross-section coated with HAc after cutting off.HAc works as a catalyst to accelerate the acylhydrazone bond formation15动态共价键凝胶的流变行
14、为动态共价键凝胶的流变行为A2+B3A2-B3 +H2OH+OH-15转变过程中的动态时间扫描转变过程中的动态时间扫描凝胶的凝胶的pH值响应值响应050010001500200010-1100101102103104a)Time(s)G,G (Pa)tsol-gel=180s G after injected HCl G after injected TEAtgel-sol=1000s10-1100101102101102103104b)G,G original gel G,G after sol-gel G,G (Pa)(rad/s)经历一次完整转变后可以基本恢复到初始的模量经历一次完整转变
15、后可以基本恢复到初始的模量 转变前和转变后凝胶的动态频率扫描转变前和转变后凝胶的动态频率扫描16小小 结结凝胶化反应可以近似为凝胶化反应可以近似为2级反应级反应;凝胶化过程中粘度凝胶化过程中粘度-时间标度、平台模量时间标度、平台模量-浓度标度、临界凝胶浓度标度、临界凝胶指数指数3者相互关系符合者相互关系符合Winter-Chambon凝胶理论。凝胶理论。动态凝胶网络的末端松弛符合简单的动态凝胶网络的末端松弛符合简单的Maxwell模型,凝胶在模型,凝胶在200%应变范围内的应力应变范围内的应力-应变曲线符合近胡克固体行为应变曲线符合近胡克固体行为;切断后的凝胶材料可以在切断后的凝胶材料可以在24小时内自愈合恢复到初始强度,小时内自愈合恢复到初始强度,如果切口涂抹冰醋酸,经过如果切口涂抹冰醋酸,经过8小时能修复到初始强度。小时能修复到初始强度。Liu,F.;Li,F.;Deng,G.;Chen,Y.;Zhang,B.;Zhang,J.;Liu,C.-Y.Macromolecules 2012,45,(3),1636-1645.17致谢!致谢!18中国科学院中国科学院化学研究所化学研究所谢谢 谢!谢!19