1、直接引语和间接引语的转换直接引语和间接引语的转换 句型的转化华南师范大学 邹倩霞华南师范大学 黄雪雅紫金中山高级中学 黄金颜老师指导一、引语四点变化一、引语四点变化1.1.时态变化时态变化2 2.人称人称变化变化：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词3.3.时间状语时间状语、地点状语地点状语、指示代词、动词指示代词、动词变变化化4 4.句型句型变化变化时态变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去
2、完成时过去完成时直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语时态变化如下直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语时态变化如下:时间状语时间状语、地点状语地点状语、指示代词指示代词直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语时间状语时间状语nowthentodaythat daytonight that nightthis eveningthat eveningyesterdaythe day beforeyesterday eveningthe evening beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days before/earlierlast nightthe night beforetomo
3、rrowthe next/following daythe day after tomorrowin two days timenext weekthe next/following weekago/lastbeforethree days agothree days before/earlier直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词thisthatthesethose地点状语地点状语 here there方向性动词方向性动词bring takecomego句型句型变化变化陈述句陈述句祈使句祈使句疑问句疑问句感叹句感叹句 She said,Our bus will arrive in
4、 five minutes.(1)1)直接引语是陈述句直接引语是陈述句She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由 thatthat引引导的导的宾语从句宾语从句，that that 可以省略。可以省略。Anne said,I have lost a pen.Anne said that she had lost a pen (2(2)直接引语是直接引语是疑问句疑问句 I asked him,Will you stay at home or go to a f
5、ilm tonight?I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night You have finished the homework,havent you?my mother asked.My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework直接引语如果是直接引语如果是反意疑问句反意疑问句，选择疑问句选择疑问句或或一般疑问句一般疑问句，变为间接引语时：变为间接引语时：谓语动词是谓语动词是saysay或或saidsaid时，要改为时，要改为askask或
6、或askedasked.原问句变成原问句变成由由 whether whether 或或 if if 引导的引导的宾语从句宾语从句。没有。没有间接宾语的，可以根据情况加上。间接宾语的，可以根据情况加上。(2(2)直接引语是直接引语是疑问句疑问句 She asked me,When do they have their dinner?He asked us,“How many car factories have been built in your country?”He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.
7、She asked me when they had their dinner直接引语如果是直接引语如果是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句，间接引语应该改为由，间接引语应该改为由原本的原本的疑问代词疑问代词或或疑问副词疑问副词引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈宾语从句必须用陈述句语序述句语序)。(3(3)直接引语是祈使句直接引语是祈使句 1.直接引语如果是祈使句直接引语如果是祈使句：要将祈使句的动词原形变为要将祈使句的动词原形变为带带toto的不定式的不定式在不定式前面根据句子意思加上在不定式前面根据句子意思加上tell,ask,order等动词，等动词，即即“tell/ask/order/b
8、eg/.somebody(not)to do something”否定否定祈使句在变为间接引语时需要在不定式前加上祈使句在变为间接引语时需要在不定式前加上not。如如:Dont make any noise,she said to the children She told(ordered)the children not to make any noise The hostess said to us,“Please sit down.”The hostess asked us to sit down.(3(3)直接引语是祈使句直接引语是祈使句 2.直接引语如果是以直接引语如果是以“Lets
9、”开头的祈使句，变为间接引开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用语时，通常用“suggest+动名词短语动名词短语(或从句或从句)”。如。如:He said,Lets go to the film.或He suggested going to the filmHe suggested that they should go to see the film(4(4)直接引语是感叹句直接引语是感叹句 What a lovely day it is!they all shoutedThey all shouted what a lovely day it wasThey all shouted how
10、 lovely a day it wasThey all shouted that it was a lovely day直接引语如果是感叹句，变为间接引语时可用直接引语如果是感叹句，变为间接引语时可用what 或或 how 引导，也可用引导，也可用 that 引导。引导。Exercises1.He said to me:“Please do it again.”2.He said to her:Dont take the book away,please 3.He said,“Lets go to the film.”4.“Why were you late again?”The teach
11、er said to me.5.“Have you been to Paris?”My classmate asked me.6.“Can you speak English?”He said.He suggested going to the film./He suggested that they(should)go to the filmThe teacher asked me why I was late again.My classmate asked me whether/if I had been to Paris.He asked me whether/if I could speak English.He asked me to do it again.He asked her not to take the book away.HomeworkMake a speech among your friends by utilizing what weve learned todayThank You!
