1、 1. rule (动词动词) _ 2. near (副词副词) _ 3. nation (形容词形容词) _ 4. 偶然；意外地偶然；意外地 _ 5. 发生发生 _ 6. 毫无疑问；的确毫无疑问；的确 _ 7. 跌落跌落 _ 一、按要求写出下列词汇或词组一、按要求写出下列词汇或词组 take place nearly rule national by accident without doubt fall into 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ _ The special cup is used for drinking wine. Its believed t
2、hat health is above wealth. We met at the train station by accident. Im sorry that such an accident took place. She is without doubt very happy now. The boy fell into water and had to be pulled out at once. Check the homework Tell something about how tea was invented by accident. One day Shen Nong w
3、as boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious and one of the worlds favorite drink was invented. Lu Yu “the saint of tea” mentioned Shen Non
4、g in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. Tell something about Lu Yu and his Cha Jing. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during 6th and
5、 7th centuries. In England, tea didnt appear until around 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. Tell something about how tea spread to other countries. 根据课本内容，完成下列句子。根据课本内容，完成下列句子。 1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的？拉链是什么时候被发明的？ _ _ the zipper _? 2. 它于它于1893年被发明。年被发明。 It _
6、_ in 1893. was invented When was invented 3. 它是由谁发明的？它是由谁发明的？ _ _ it invented _? 4. 它是由惠特科姆它是由惠特科姆贾得森发明的。贾得森发明的。 It _ _ _ Whitcomb Judson. 5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？ _ _ tea _ to Korea? 6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。 It _ _ to Korea _the 6th and 7th centuries. was invented by When was brough
7、t was brought during Who was by 7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？ What _ the hot ice-cream scoop _ _? 8. 它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。 Its _ _ _ really cold ice-cream. used for serving is used for 9. 贝尔于贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。年发明了电话机。 Alexander Graham Bell _ the telephone in 1876. 10. 电话机在电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。年被贝尔所发明。 The tele
8、phone _ _ _ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. invented was invented by 英语有两种语态：英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被 动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。如：。如： We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 我们昨天打扫了教室。我们昨天打扫了教室。 (主动语态，主语主动语态，主语we是是clean这一动作的执这一动作的执 行者行者) The classroom was clea
9、ned yesterday. 教室昨天被打扫。教室昨天被打扫。 (被动语态，主语被动语态，主语the classroom是是clean这一这一 动作的承受者动作的承受者) 一、一般过去时被动语态一、一般过去时被动语态 一般过去时被动语态的结构为“主语一般过去时被动语态的结构为“主语+ was /were +及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执动作的执 行者行者).”。如：。如： Trees were planted last spring. 去年春天种了树。去年春天种了树。 1. 肯定句肯定句： 主语主语+was / were+及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分 词词+其他其他
10、. e.g. Paper was invented by Chinese people two thousand years ago. 纸是中国人在二千多年前发明的。纸是中国人在二千多年前发明的。 2. 否定句：否定句： 主语主语+ was/were not+及物动词的过及物动词的过 去分词去分词+其他其他. e.g. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at first. 开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。 e.g. Was this picture drawn by your sister? 这幅画这幅画是你妹
11、妹是你妹妹画画的吗？的吗？ 3. 一般疑问句：一般疑问句： Was/Were +主语主语 +及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分 词词+其他其他? 二、被动语态的用法：二、被动语态的用法： 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必 要指出谁是动作的执行者要指出谁是动作的执行者。 e.g. English is spoken all over the world. 全世界都在说英语。全世界都在说英语。 2. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者需要突出或强调动作的承受者。 e.g. This dictionary is used by most students. 这本字典是大多
12、数学生在用的。这本字典是大多数学生在用的。 1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为 被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。 e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather. The meeting was put off because of the weather. 会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。 三三、主动语态变被动语态主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题应注意的问题 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时， 通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为
13、主语，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语， 指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把 指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间 接接 宾语前加宾语前加to或或for。 e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday. I was given an e-dictionary yesterday. An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday. 3. 主动句中感官动词主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词等和使役动词mak
14、e / let / have等后等后 跟省略跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态的动词不定式，变为被动语态 时应加上不定式符号时应加上不定式符号to。 e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house. A heavy man was seen to enter the house. 4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词 （happen, take place, come true, fall asleep）没有被动语态。）没有被动语态。 e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown? 布朗先生发生了什么事？布朗先
15、生发生了什么事？ 将下列句子变为被动语态。将下列句子变为被动语态。 1. He chose six story books the other day. Six story books _ _ by him the other day. 2. Uncle Lee gave Jack a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. Jack _ _ a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. was given were chosen 3. A mouse ate half of the
16、cake last night. Half of the cake _ _ by a mouse last night. was eaten 将下列句子变为主动语态。将下列句子变为主动语态。 4. Were these machines invented by Edison? _ Edison _ these machines? Did invent 5. The post card was sent to Linda by Paul. Paul _ the post card _ Linda. 6. America was discovered by Columbus. Columbus _
17、 America. sent to discovered 对划线部分提问对划线部分提问 7. Shoes with lights were used for seeing in the dark. _ _ shoes with lights _ for? 8. Paper was invented in China almost a thousand years ago. _ _ paper _ in China? used What were When was invented 4a Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 点拨：原句为一
18、般过去时态，原句的谓点拨：原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓 语动词为语动词为sold，宾语为，宾语为the fridge；改为；改为 被动语态时，应将被动语态时，应将the fridge作主语，谓作主语，谓 语动词用语动词用was sold的形式。的形式。 1. They sold the fridge at a low price. The fridge was sold at a low price. 点拨：分析原句的句子结构可知，点拨：分析原句的句子结构可知， stole是谓语动是谓语动 词，词，my camera是句子是句子 的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将 m
19、y camera作句子主语，谓语动词用作句子主语，谓语动词用 was stolen的形式。的形式。 2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. _ _ My camera was stolen from my hotel room. 3. Where did you take these photos? _ 4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. _ 5. Different writers translated the book into different languages. _ _
20、 Where were these photos taken? We were advised not to go out alone. The book was translated into different languages by different writers. 1. You _ to the party last night, werent you? Why didnt you go? 2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _ to a safe place. were in
21、vited eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring were brought 4b Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box. 句子主语 句子主语you与与invite 之间存在被动关系。之间存在被动关系。 villagers与与bring之之 间存在被动关系间存在被动关系 3. The door _ when we arrived, so we _ the bell. 4. The students _ not to eat or drink
22、in class, but Ruby _ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class. 5. The cookies _ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _ them. was locked rang broke were told were eaten liked the door与与lock之间为被动之间为被动 关系；而关系；而we与与ring之间则为之间则为 主动关系；其他各题相同。主动关系；其他各题相同。 The telep
23、hone _ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He _ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell _ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. was born was invented worked Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentence. Write the correct forms in the blanks. 4c the telephone与与invent
24、之间之间 存在被动关系；存在被动关系；Mr. Bell 与与work之间是主动关系。之间是主动关系。 In 1875, Mr. Bell _ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone _ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you
25、.” Today the telephone _ (use) around the world. learned was invented was said is used Mr. Bell与与learn之间为之间为 主动关系。主动关系。 补全下列主动句变被动句。补全下列主动句变被动句。 1. Jenny put her clothes in the suitcase last night. Her clothes_ _ in the suitcase last night. 2. The twins sang an English song that day. An English song _ _ _ by the twins that day. 3. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago? 4. They sold out the light green dresses yesterday. The light green dresses _ _ _ out.
