1、 1感谢你的观看2019-8-171 1、掌握情态动词的基本用法。、掌握情态动词的基本用法。2 2、复习常用词汇及句型(之四)、复习常用词汇及句型(之四)【学习目标学习目标】2感谢你的观看2019-8-17考点主要为:考点主要为:情态动词的基本用法情态动词的基本用法;“情态动词情态动词+have done”结构结构;情态动词表示特定语气情态动词表示特定语气【考点解读考点解读】情态动词情态动词 3感谢你的观看2019-8-17 几组常见情态动词的比较几组常见情态动词的比较1 1、cant和和 may not cant“不可能不可能”,may not“可能不可能不,或许不或许不”,前者语气更强前者
2、语气更强.2、must 和和 have to must 表示说话人的主观看法表示说话人的主观看法;而而have to表示客表示客观的需要观的需要;mustnt“决不能决不能”,而而 dont have to(neednt)“不必不必”。4感谢你的观看2019-8-173、would 和和 used to would 指反复发生的动作或某种倾向,后面要指反复发生的动作或某种倾向,后面要接表示动作的接表示动作的 动词,不能接表示认识或状态的词。动词,不能接表示认识或状态的词。used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态,强调现表示过去的习惯动作或状态,强调现在已不存在。在已不存在。eg.When we
3、 were children we would(used to)go swimming every summer in that river.There used to be a hospital here.(只只能用能用used to)5感谢你的观看2019-8-174、could 和和 was were able to could仅表示过去具备某种能力,仅表示过去具备某种能力,而而 was were able to表示不仅具备且实表示不仅具备且实施了某种了能力,相当于施了某种了能力,相当于 succeeded in doing sth managed to do sth.,区别仅限于肯定句
4、区别仅限于肯定句。“情态动词情态动词+have done”的用法的用法1、“must+have+过去分词过去分词”表示对过去的一种肯定的推测,意为表示对过去的一种肯定的推测,意为“肯定、一定肯定、一定”,多用于肯定句。,多用于肯定句。6感谢你的观看2019-8-17eg.I must have left my glasses in the library.2、“maymight+have+过去分词过去分词”用于肯定句和否定句,表示对已经发生的事情的推用于肯定句和否定句,表示对已经发生的事情的推测,相当于测,相当于 “可能、大概可能、大概”,但不太肯定。,但不太肯定。might 比比may语语气
5、更弱。气更弱。eg.He might have gone to the gas station,but I am not sure.7感谢你的观看2019-8-173、should ought to+have+过去分过去分词词 该结构一般用于虚拟语气,肯定句表示过去该结构一般用于虚拟语气,肯定句表示过去没有发生但却应该没有发生但却应该 发生的事,译为发生的事,译为“本应本应”;否定句表示过去;否定句表示过去发生了本不该发生的发生了本不该发生的 事,译为事,译为“本不该本不该”。eg.You should have come to the lab if you were really serio
6、us about your research.8感谢你的观看2019-8-17-Why didnt you make me a telephone call yesterday?-I ought to have been told about it.4、“can not+have+过去分词过去分词”表示对过去不可能发生的事进行推测。表示对过去不可能发生的事进行推测。eg.This article about travelling in China cant have been written by him because he has never been here at all.9感谢你的观
7、看2019-8-175、“could not+have+过去分词过去分词”表示过去的时间,说明某事不可能已经发生。表示过去的时间,说明某事不可能已经发生。eg.He couldnt have seen Ann yesterday.Shes gone abroad.6、“neednt+have+过去分词过去分词”表示不必做的事情却做了表示不必做的事情却做了,可译为可译为“其实不其实不必必”。eg.Look,you neednt have bought those sweaters for me,I have just knitted one.10感谢你的观看2019-8-17 “情态动词情态动词
8、+have+done”总结总结1.must have done sth.过去一定过去一定做了某事做了某事2.cant couldnt have done 过过去不可能做了某事去不可能做了某事3.may might have done 过去可过去可能做了某事能做了某事4.neednt have done 过去本来没有必要做而做了某事过去本来没有必要做而做了某事11感谢你的观看2019-8-175.could have done 过去本来可以过去本来可以-某事可能已经发生某事可能已经发生-6.should ought to have done 过去本来应该做某事而没有做过去本来应该做某事而没有做7
9、.shouldnt oughtnt to have done 过去本来不应该做某事而做了过去本来不应该做某事而做了 12感谢你的观看2019-8-17 第二、三人称第二、三人称+shall 的用法(特定语气)的用法(特定语气)表示意图、允诺、警告、威胁、规定、命令,表示意图、允诺、警告、威胁、规定、命令,表示说话者的表示说话者的 决心或决定。(必须、必将)决心或决定。(必须、必将)eg.He shall suffer for this.(他必将自他必将自食其果。食其果。)You shall do it immediately.(你要(你要)Shall my son carry those ba
10、gs for you?(我)让我的儿子帮你拿那些提包好吗?(我)让我的儿子帮你拿那些提包好吗?What shall Jane do?让让Jane 干什么?干什么?(提议让第三者做某事,并征求对方意见提议让第三者做某事,并征求对方意见)13感谢你的观看2019-8-17Will 的几种用法的几种用法1、指现在或到现在为止的事情,不指将来,、指现在或到现在为止的事情,不指将来,多用于概括性陈述。多用于概括性陈述。e.g.He will often sit up all night.他他经常彻夜不眠。经常彻夜不眠。The hall will hold a hundred people.这大厅能容纳这
11、大厅能容纳100人。人。Accidents will happen.事故总会发生。事故总会发生。14感谢你的观看2019-8-172、表示主语、表示主语“执意要干某事执意要干某事”。e.g.The door will not open.门打不开。门打不开。He will not consent.他就是不答应。他就是不答应。need&dare1、need 既用作情态助动词,也可以用作普既用作情态助动词,也可以用作普通及物动词。通及物动词。need 作为情态助动词通常只用作为情态助动词通常只用于否定句和疑问句。于否定句和疑问句。need 情态助动词表示现在或将来的必须性及情态助动词表示现在或将来的
12、必须性及义务。义务。e.g.Ive bought a car,so I need never go to the office by bus.15感谢你的观看2019-8-17Need I go right now?This house needs painting.He didnt need to be told twice.2、dare 作为情态动词意为作为情态动词意为“敢于干敢于干”,表示勇气;用于指表示勇气;用于指现在或将来的行为,多用于否定句和疑问句。现在或将来的行为,多用于否定句和疑问句。dare 用作普通及物动词,用作普通及物动词,疑问式和否定式疑问式和否定式用用 do(es)或
13、或did 构成。构成。16感谢你的观看2019-8-17eg.He dare not darent ask her about the matter.Dare he go?Does he dare(to)go?should&ought toshould 多表示主观的看法,多表示主观的看法,ought to 多反映客观的情况。多反映客观的情况。eg.Children should be taught to speak the truth.(要教孩子们说真话)(要教孩子们说真话)17感谢你的观看2019-8-17You ought not to visit such a place after d
14、ark.(天黑后,你不该去那种地方)(天黑后,你不该去那种地方)would like 结构结构would like to do 表示现在或将来的表示现在或将来的愿望愿望would like to have done 表示过去没表示过去没有实现的愿望有实现的愿望would have liked to do表示过去没有表示过去没有实现的愿望实现的愿望18感谢你的观看2019-8-17e.g.Id very much like to be a guitarist.(吉他手)(吉他手)Id like to have seen her face when she opened the letter.(我
15、真想看看她打开这封信时的脸色)(我真想看看她打开这封信时的脸色)情态动词练习情态动词练习用用(must,cantcan,might,have to,should,ought not to,)的适当形式填空:的适当形式填空:1.You _ play cards in class.2.Youve been travelling for several weeks.You _ be very tired.3.They go to expensive shops and restaurants very often.So they _ be short of money.4.“Why are thos
16、e people waiting in the street?”“I dont know.They _ be waiting for a bus.”oughtnt to must cant might 19感谢你的观看2019-8-17用用(must,cant,might,have to,should,ought not to,)的适当形式填空:的适当形式填空:5.My English Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who _ have taken it?6.We dont see you enough.You _ come and see us mor
17、e often.7.Im sorry I couldnt come yesterday.I _ work late.8.You missed a great party last night.You _ come.9.I _ pay Tracy a visit,but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.10.Children under 12 years of age in that country _ be under supervision when in a public library.could should had t
18、oshould have should must 20感谢你的观看2019-8-17【链接高考链接高考】1.(2005 天津天津)I _have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A.shouldnt B.couldnt C.mustnt D.neednt2.(2005 北京北京)He _ have completed his work;otherwise he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.should B.must C.wouldnt D.cantBB2
19、1感谢你的观看2019-8-173.(2005 上海上海)There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A.mustnt B.shant C.shouldnt D.neednt 4.(2005 山东山东)He paid for a seat,when he _ have entered free.A.could B.would C.must D.needCA22感谢你的观看2019-8-175.(2004 福建福建)Ill te
20、ll Mary about her job tomorrow.-You _ her last week.A.ought to tell B.would have told C.must tell D.should have told6.(2004 湖南湖南)Excuse me,but I want to use your computer to type a report.-You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it.A.shant B.might not C.neednt D.shouldntDA23感谢你的观看2019-8-177.
21、(2005 浙江浙江)The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _ be very slow.A.should B.must C.will D.can8.(2005 福建福建)Catherine,I have cleaned the room.-Thanks.You _ it.I could manage it myself.A.neednt to do B.neednt have done C.mustnt do D.shouldnt have done9.(2006 浙江浙江)Could I have a word with you,mum?-Oh,dear,if you _.A.can B.must C.may D.shouldDBB24感谢你的观看2019-8-17