1、郯城二中2022年高二英语上学期期末复习专题练习-阅读理解ASome people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck. Im not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances dont come into play because they do. Some people are bor
2、n into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and thats just the reality of how life is.However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spen
3、d at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. To become great at certain things, itll require even more time, time that most people wont put in.This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you dont enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable p
4、ain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. Its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were bo
5、rn with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and theres a huge chance that youre wrong anyway.Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. If youre not willing to put in
6、 the time and work, dont expect to receive any rewards. Consistent, hard work wont guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.1. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about _.A. the meaning of successB. the
7、reasons for successC. the standards of successD. the importance of success2. Successful people suggest doing what one loves because _.A. work makes one feel painB. one tends to enjoy his workC.it takes a lot of time to succeedD. one gives up his work easily3. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A. Pe
8、ople sometimes succeed without luck or talent.B. Successful people like to show their great skills.C. People need to achieve success at the cost of life.D. It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.4. What is the main theme of the passage?A. Having a goal is vital to success.B. Being go
9、od is different from being great.C. Luck, talent and family help to achieve success.D. One cannot succeed without time and practice.BIt was a method favoured by the inventor Thomas Edison and the artist Salvador Dali. Waking from a nap exactly at the point before deep sleep in an effort to inspire c
10、reativity.Edison held a metal ball in his hand so that if he nodded off he would drop it and the sound would wake him. For Dali, it was a key landing on a plate. Now scientists have found that they might have been onto something.Researchers at the Paris Brain Institute studied peoples ability to fin
11、d a hidden rule in a maths puzzle. Identifying the trick would make solving the problem far simpler but to do so required thinking creatively. The scientists found that participants who had been woken just before falling into a deep sleep, using a technique like that used by Edison and Dali, were mo
12、re likely to find the shortcut.This “twilight zone” is known as non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1, or N1. Scientists described it like an exaggerated form of mind-wandering, where dream-like thoughts fill the mind. It is thought that as people start to disengage (脱离) from their environment they c
13、an “freely watch their minds wander, while maintaining their ability to identify creative sparks (火花)”.For the study 103 people were given a maths problem to solve. To reach the final answer they had to apply the rules step by step but, unknown to them, a “hidden rule” would allow them to bypass mos
14、t of the steps and get to the solution much more quickly. The results showed that 83 percent of those in the N1 group had found the shortcut, compared with 31 percent in the group who were awake and 14 percent of those in a deep sleep.Researchers conclude that the brain activity common to the twilig
15、ht zone between sleep and wakefulness set off creative sparks. “Although the neural mechanisms (神经机制) involved are not yet known, our findings suggest that there is a creative sweet spot within the twilight zone,” said Dr Thomas Andrillon, co-author of the study.5. Why did the author mention “a meta
16、l ball” and “a key” in Paragraph 2?A. To clarify a method.B. To explain a theory.C. To present a concept.D. To make a comparison.6. What can we learn about “the twilight zone” from the text?A. It prevents your mind from wandering.B. It determines what your dreams will be like.C. It is known as rapid
17、 eye movement sleep stage.D. It is a state of being half asleep and half awake.7. What does “the shortcut” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. The maths problem.B. The final answer.C. The hidden rule.D. The added step.8. What attitude may Dr Thomas Andrillon hold to the technique used by Edison and Dali?A. D
18、oubtful.B. Critical.C. Indifferent.D. Favorable.CBy the time she turned 18, Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools. She had lived in shelters, in parks, and in motels, never in a permanent residence for more than a few months. She had been laughed at and looked down upon by students at a doze
19、n schools who thought of her as “different”.Homeless since early childhood, Khadijah struggled all her life to hide her circumstances from teachers and fellow students. However, academic achievement proved to be a way for her to find confidence in herself again. For instance, at the age of 9, she pl
20、aced in the 99th percentile on a state exam, and her teacher told her she was “gifted”. From that moment forward, Khadijah decided to do whatever it took to keep herself in that category. “I was so proud of being smart. I often heard my fellow students say, You got the easy way out because youre hom
21、eless,” she told The LA Times. “But I never saw it as an excuse about living a less successful life.”By the second year of high school, she realized that she could not succeed in getting the education she dreamed of without getting help to go beyond what her current school could offer. She talked to
22、 teachers and advisers who helped her apply for summer community college classes, scholarships, and enrichment programs. And in the 11th grade, when she enrolled at Jefferson High School, she decided to complete the rest of her school career therea decision that meant taking a bus each morning at 4
23、a.m. and not getting home until 11 p.m.Heres the end of the storywhen Khadijah poured the story of her life into her Harvard University college application, she was accepted.9. What makes Khadijah confident in herself?A. Her different personality.B. Her ability to live well alone.C. Her excellent pe
24、rformance in study.D. Her fellow students encouragement.10. What do many students think of Khadijahs being homeless?A. Its a really pitiful circumstance. B. It makes her more strong-minded.C. It offers her more ways to succeed. D. Its an excuse about working less hard.11. What did Khadijahs teachers
25、 and advisers help her do?A. Pass a college entrance exam.B. Apply for more advanced education.C. Make a decision to complete high school.D. Become a top student in her current school.12. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. Twelve Schools Make a Successful StudentB. Being
26、Different Means Having More ChancesC. Khadijah Williams: From Shelters to HarvardD. Khadijah Williams: Inspiration to Homeless PeopleDRussia has a history of beating the U. S. into space, and along with being the first to send a dog, man, and woman into space, they just became the first nation to se
27、nd an actress and film crew up there. Scheduled for two weeks of filming aboard the International Space Station（ISS）, actress Yulia Peresild and director Klim Shipenko became the first humans to film part of a full-length film in space, beating out poor old Tom Cruise, who since 2020 had made his in
28、tentions to film a movie aboard the ISS clear enough to NASA. The Challenge will be a big-budget Russian film based on the story of a top surgeon（Peresild）who is called upon to enter the Russian-module of the ISS for an emergency procedure. While many films certainly feature space, it will be the fi
29、rst full-length fiction to be filmed on the ISS.A Soyuz rocket departed the Earth at 4：55 a.m. on October 5th. and arrived three hours later carrying Ms. Peresild. Mr. Shipenko and their experienced as- tronautical guide. Anton Shkaplerov. It is almost impossible to believe that this all came to rea
30、lity. said Peresild. opening the hatch（舱门）and floating into the space laboratory. The pair will gather around 35 minutes of footage（画面）before departing on the 17th of October. leaving Shkaplerov behind to work. In September 2020. it was announced that Cruise and Director Doug Liman had booked a flig
31、ht on a SpaceX rocket headed for the ISS in October 2021. Ever eager for a space-race. Russian Channel One and a film studio called Yellow. Black. and White jointly announced with the Russian space agency Roscosmos their own plans for a space movie. While Peresild and Shipenko will be set to come do
32、wn soon. Cruises October launch plans are still up in the air. If Tom Cruise needs a bright side to look on. its that the last time Russia and the U. S. had a first-to space race. Russia got into space first. but the U.S. got to the Moon.13. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Russia will contro
33、l the ISS instead of NASA.B. Russia has a long history of sending humans into space.C. Russia won the competition against America to film in space.D. Russia became the number one in space travel.14. What can we learn about the Russian film?A. It is filmed by astronauts aboard the ISS.B. It shows an
34、urgent story happening on the ISS.C. Yulia Peresild and Tom Cruise star together.D. It is the first film featuring space in history.15. What can we learn about the space travel?A. The rocket arrived before 7 a. m. on October 5thB. Peresild and Shipenko stayed in space for about 12 days.C. Peresild r
35、efused to admit the dream could come true.D. Anton Shkaplerov is an experienced tourist guide.16. What does the underlined phrase up in the air mean in the last paragraph?A. Announced. B. Checked. C. Excited. D. Unsettled.EToday different online exercise programs are challenging the concept of tradi
36、tional fitness models. Gyms and health clubs are no longer limited to the four walls. Digital extensions of traditional fitness are appearing, and to reach as many people as possible, the fitness industry is expanding its boundaries through virtual（虚拟的）fitness and accepting the latest scientific fin
37、dings and technological advancements in health technology.Exergames（运动游戏）are a combination of physical exercise and digital games. Now fun and fitness are combined in various digital gaming products, like Wii Fit Plus, Fitness Evolved, and Kinect Sports. Whats more, health technology is often built
38、using principles of neuroscience, a science focused on studying the brain. Fitness Evolved, for example, focuses on stress and how you react to different stressors. This program helps you feel less threatened by targeting your specific stressors and then adjusting based on your interaction with the
39、app.Now there are a lot of smart exergames, one of which is BunAlong. This online video platform combines the advantages of having a human instructor with the perks of practicing in the comfort of your own home. The platform lets users connect with whoever makes them feel most motivated-their favori
40、te gym instructors, or friends who might be living on the opposite side of the country. A wide variety of programs are offered through the platform, as well as different effort levels, so everyone can find something that suits their level of fitness.Another example is Zwift, an online multiplayer vi
41、deo game based on indoor cycling. It allows you to join an online cycling group that includes members from over 150 countries. BitGym is also a smart virtual fitness app. As you train, youre given beautiful virtual scenery to look at, complete with natural sounds and location-specific facts. For thi
42、s app, all you need to do is place your smartphone or tablet on your sports machine.17. What is the purpose of mentioning Fitness Evolved in Paragraph 2?A. To show how health technology is built.B. To explain what exergames actually are.C. To prove the popularity of digital products.D. To give a ski
43、ll of managing stress in sports.18. What does the underlined word perks in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Ways. B. Benefits. C. Chances. D. Problems.19. In which exergame are you exposed to virtual natural beauty?A. Kinect Sports.B. BurnAlong.C. Zwift.D. BitGym.20. What does the author think of exerga
44、me products?A. They are the best in improving health.B. They cost users a great deal of money.C. They bring certain convenience to users.D. They suit people of various age groups.FNearly 10 million people worldwide live with Parkinsons disease. While Parkinsons is incurable, some of its worst sympto
45、ms can be relieved and controlled using medications. A major problem of getting effective treatment at the right time is identifying the disease soon enough, before patients experience the symptoms brought on by irreversible(不可逆转的)neuron loss. But scientists might have just the thing to change the s
46、ituation. And it involves a nose. In a study published in the journal ACS Omega, researchers from Chinas Zhejiang University created an “e-nose, ”a portable device that can detect body smells specific to Parkinsons patients. It may come as a surprise to learn Parkinsons patients have their own smell
47、s. But after a retired nurse in Scotland made headlines in 2015 for a heightened sense of smell that led to her own husbands Parkinsons diagnosis, scientists have been trying hard to create a device that could smell the disease before physical symptoms start to show. Over the years, scientists have
48、found people with Parkinsons tend to produce more sebum (皮脂)than the average person. This sebum mixes with other overproduced substances to produce certain, unique smells. To track down these smells, the Zhejiang University researchers swabbed(用拭子擦拭)the upper backs of 31 Parkinsons patients and 32 healthy volunteers. Using machine-learning software, they were able to identify three smell compounds that healthy volunteers lacked. The researchers then tested the e-nose on sebum taken from 12 Parkinsons patients and 12 healthy people. The device was found to
