1、非谓语动词专题复习非谓语动词专题复习(二二)(四四)补足语补足语:主语补足语主语补足语&宾语补足语宾语补足语 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not toAI.常常可以跟可以跟to do 做宾补或主补的动词做宾补或主补的动词有：有：allow,ask,advise,beg,command,cause,encourage,expect,force,get,hate,invite,like,order,pe
2、rmit,prefer,remind,tell,urge,want,wish等。等。Examples:(1)I prefer you not to play all day long.(2)Id like you to help me with my homework.(3)Youd better get more people to do the work.一、不定式做补语一、不定式做补语II.表示见解表示见解看法的动词看法的动词+宾语宾语+带带to的不定式的不定式(to be doing/to have done).具有这种用法的动词有具有这种用法的动词有:believe,consider
3、,declare,discover,feel,find,guess,imagine,judge,suppose,think,understandExamples:1.We found the rumor true.2.I consider him to have done wrong.3.I always imagine me to be a millionaire.4.I felt him to be a spy.III、“短语动词短语动词+宾语宾语+带带to的不定式的不定式”这类动词有这类动词有:arrange for,ask for,call on,count on,depend on,
4、long for,rely on,wait forExamples:1.You can not count on Tom to help you.2.Chairman Mao called on us to serve the people heart and soul.IV.只能跟只能跟do(不含不含to的不定式的不定式)作宾补的动词作宾补的动词感官感官动词动词(记忆口诀记忆口诀)一感一感:feel 二听二听:hear,listen to(全过程全过程)三让三让:let,make,have 五看五看:see,watch,notice,observe(全过程全过程),look at宾补省宾补省
5、to记记11,一感二听三使役一感二听三使役;五看一帮两均可五看一帮两均可,被动该被动该to不能弃不能弃.二、分词做补语二、分词做补语I.分词短语作宾补分词短语作宾补能带现在分词做宾补的动词有能带现在分词做宾补的动词有:have,get,keep,set,send,leave,catch,hear,listen to,feel,see,find,look at,watch,observe,notice宾语与补语的关系是主谓关系时，用现在分词作宾补宾语与补语的关系是主谓关系时，用现在分词作宾补 1.My father had only two men working for him.2.Dont
6、have the horse running so fast,Its dangerous.3.Have you noticed the boy passing across the street?II.过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补能带过去分词作宾补的动词有能带过去分词作宾补的动词有make,have,get,leave 及感官动及感官动词词see,watch,look at,find,hear,listen to,feel 等等.宾语与补语的关系是动宾关系时，用过去分词作宾补宾语与补语的关系是动宾关系时，用过去分词作宾补1.I was surprised to see so many peop
7、le seated at the back of the class.2.I have never heard this song sung so sweetly.3.Youd better get your bike repaired at once.Practice1.Please remind me _ the medicine tomorrow.A.of taking B.taking C.to take D.take2.-Do you have anything more _,sir?-No.You can have a rest or do something else.A.typ
8、ing B.to be typed C.typed D.to typeCB3.He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be putting C.to put D.putting4.Though I have often heard this song _.I have never heard you _ it.A.being sung,sang B.sang,singing C.sung,sing D.to be sung,to singDC1.The miss
9、ing boy was last seen _ by the river.A.playing B,play C,played D,to play2.Dont have the horse _ so fast;Its dangerous.A,to run B,runs C,running D,ran3.Tom had his pocket _ on a bus this morning.A,pick B,to pick C,picking D,picked4.People in the south often have their houses _ bamboo.A.made of B,maki
10、ng of C,to be made of D,make of5.People _on the coast often have their houses _by hurricanesA,living;damaging B,living;damaged C,lived,damaged D,live;damage6.I will go back to our hometown.Do you have anything _home?A.to take B,taking C,to be taken D,takenACDABCMultiple choice7.Please come here;I ha
11、ve something important _ you.A,telling B,to be told C,told D,to tell8.Girls are not allowed _ their fingernails red at school.A.painted B,painting C.to paint D,to be painted9.Youd better get more people _ the work immediately.A to do B,doing C do D,done10.Youd better get the work _ at once;Its gong
12、to rain.A to do B,doing C do D,done11.Miss Sara,I _ at the railway station.My boss is busy now.A am going to see you off B,to see you off C.am about to see you off D,must see you off12.What he said got us _ all the way.A.laughing B,laugh C,to laugh D,laughedDCADAA（五）不定式（五）不定式&分词作状语分词作状语一、不定式作状语一、不定式
13、作状语I.不定式做状语，表示原因不定式做状语，表示原因,目的或结果。为了强调目的目的或结果。为了强调目的,可使用可使用in order to或或so as to。1.I reached home only to find my old dog dead.2.He got up early(in order)to catch the early bus.3.To improve our English,we come here.4.Im so glad to see you.5.They went to the railway station,only to be told that the t
14、rain had left.注注:“only+不定式不定式”表示出乎预料的结果表示出乎预料的结果.He went to the seaside only to be drowned.II.不定不定 式表结果常与下列结构连用式表结果常与下列结构连用.A.so+adj/adv+as(not)to do (如此如此以至于以至于(没）没）)Im not so stupid as to do that.B.such+(adj)n+as(not)to do(如此如此以至于以至于(不不)Im not such a fool as to believe that.C.enough+n+to do (足够足够
15、)I dont have enough money to buy a car.D.adj/adv+enough+to do (足已到足已到/能能 )The girl is old enough to go to school.E.too+adj/adv+to do (太太 以至于不能以至于不能)Im too tired to go any further.二、分词作状语二、分词作状语分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式，及独立成分。，及独立成分。I.分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词与逻辑主语分词作状语的首
16、要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词与逻辑主语的关系是主动的，用现在分词，反之，用过去分词。的关系是主动的，用现在分词，反之，用过去分词。1,Hearing the news,he couldnt help laughing.（时间）（时间）=2,Given enough time,I can do it better.（条件）（条件）=3,Being ill,he didnt go to school.（原因）（原因）=4,The glass fell to the ground,breaking into pieces.(结果）结果）=5,Our teacher came in,fol
17、lowed by many students.(伴随）伴随）=6,Judging from his accent,he is from America.7,Generally speaking,one must be confident.when he heard the news,If I am given enough time,Because he was ill,so that it broke into pieces.and he was followed by many students II.分词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生，则用现在分词的一分词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生，
18、则用现在分词的一般式般式doing。1.Being repaired,the building is forbidden to enter.2.Passing by the accident scene,I saw the man badly hurt being carried onto an ambulance.III.如果强调分词表示的动作如果强调分词表示的动作 发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成形式。形式。1.Not having finished his homework,Tom was made to stay at school.2.Having close
19、d all the windows,I went home.3.Having been invited several times,Tom went to the party.IV.分词与其逻辑主语是主谓关系的，要用现在分词；分分词与其逻辑主语是主谓关系的，要用现在分词；分词与其逻辑主语是动宾关系的，要用过去分词。词与其逻辑主语是动宾关系的，要用过去分词。Examples:1.Looking out of the window,I can see many cars and buses.2.Seen from the top of Dragon Tower,Harbin looks more
20、beautiful.3.The teacher came in,_many students.(follow)4.The teacher came in,_by many students.(follow)Task:complete the following sentences1.“（你有衣服要洗吗）你有衣服要洗吗）?the maid asked.2._(没有完成作业没有完成作业),Tom was forbidden to watch TV.3._(正在刷油漆正在刷油漆),the house was not allowed to enter.4._(被邀请参加舞会被邀请参加舞会),Mary
21、felt excited.5.The difficult maths problem _(很难算出）很难算出）.6.She was angry for _(没有被邀请）没有被邀请）to the ball.7.The thief stole into the store_(没人看到）没人看到）8.The flat _(出租）出租）9.The man who was on duty that day _(应受谴责）应受谴责）10.They were proud of _(被派往西藏去工作）被派往西藏去工作）11.When the teacher came in,Tom _(假装再看书）假装再看书）
22、12.Ni Ping is said _(写了一本名叫写了一本名叫“日子日子”的书）的书）13.Song Dandan is said _(在写一本叫在写一本叫“月子月子”的书）的书）14._(从窗户往外看从窗户往外看),I can see many tall buildings.15._(从山顶往下看从山顶往下看),the city looks more beautiful.16._(他有很多活要干）他有很多活要干）.Dont bother him.17._(他有很多活要干他有很多活要干)and you can go,too.Do you have any clothes to be was
23、hedNot having finished his homework,Being paintedHaving been invited to the ball,is difficult to work outnot having been invitedwithout being seenis to letis to blamehaving been sent to work in Tibetpretended to be reading to have written a book called“The Days”to be writing a book named“The Months”
24、Looking out of the window,Seen from top of the hill,He has a lot of work to doHe has a lot of work to be doneV.分词作状语时分词作状语时,其其逻辑主语逻辑主语必须必须与句子与句子 的主语相同的主语相同;如果不相同如果不相同,分词前必须加上分词前必须加上 自己的主语自己的主语,这种结构被称为这种结构被称为独立主格结构独立主格结构。E.g:The moon appearing,we began to set off.If time permits,I will stay for anoth
25、er week.=_,I will stay for another week.Time permittingTask:complete the following sentences1._(马丽迟到了）马丽迟到了）made her teacher quite angry.2._(时间允许）时间允许）,Ill go with you to the park.3.Its easy _(我们学好英语）我们学好英语）4.I find it impossible_(汤姆按时完成作业）汤姆按时完成作业）.5.This is_(有你来告诉汤姆）有你来告诉汤姆）6.I have many letters _
26、(要珍妮来写）要珍妮来写）7.The box is too heavy_(我抬不起来）我抬不起来）8._(跟你说实话吧）跟你说实话吧）,I dont like English9._(严格地讲）严格地讲）,this sentence is wrong.10._(说句对他公道的话）说句对他公道的话）,he is not to blame11._(考虑到他的能力）考虑到他的能力）,he did the work fairly well.12._(绿色信号灯给过后绿色信号灯给过后),cars and buses began to move.13.He climbed over the fence,_(
27、手里拿着刀）手里拿着刀）.14.He went to the post office _(要买几张邮票）要买几张邮票）15.He went out of the post office _(买了几张邮票）买了几张邮票）16.Tom came into the room,_(手被绑在背后）手被绑在背后）Marys coming late to schoolfor us to learn English wellTo tell you the truthsword in handTime permittingfor Tom to complete his homework in time.for
28、you to tell Tomfor Jane to writefor me to carryStrictly speakingTo do him justiceTake his ability into consideration,Green signals givenwith a few stamps to buywith a few stamps boughthands tied at the backVI.下列词通常为以下形式出现下列词通常为以下形式出现 -垂悬状语垂悬状语 judging from/by supposing considering taking into consid
29、eration/account generally/strictly/frankly/roughly speaking speaking of providing/provided(倘若倘若)given(就就而言而言)compared with/to to tell(you)the truth=to be honest to make matters worse不定式的省略不定式的省略一省一省to 不定式的固定句型不定式的固定句型1,had better(not)do you had better stay at home 2,would rather do.than do Id rather
30、 stay at home than go out 3,prefer to do.rather than do Id prefer to die rather than steal 4,cannot but do 不得不不得不必然必然 He cannot but agree.5,cannot help but do.不得不不得不Eg:I could not help but realize that I was wrong我这才意识到我错了。我这才意识到我错了。6,do nothing but do.nothing to do but/except do 只能只能，只有，只有Eg:I had
31、nothing to do but wait there.7,why(not)do.Why not ask your teacher for help?8,当主语部分有当主语部分有do，则表语可省，则表语可省to Eg:What I want to do is run a school=His wish is to run a school 9,当两个或更多相同的不定式并列使用时，除第一个不定式带当两个或更多相同的不定式并列使用时，除第一个不定式带to 外其余的不加。外其余的不加。She told the child to stay there and wait till she came b
32、ack.注：如果两者有比较关系，那么每个不定式前都得加注：如果两者有比较关系，那么每个不定式前都得加to To try and fail is better than not to try at all.二、不省二、不省“to”的情况的情况1.在在used to be going to mean to ought to plan totry towould like to would love to hope to want to下列句子中，下列句子中，to 通常都得留通常都得留 Eg:He doesnt get up early,but he used to can you work out
33、 this maths problem?-Ill try to 2.在在 be+adj(如：如：glad,happy,pleased,anxious,willing,ready）等此后保留）等此后保留toEg：-Would you like to join us in the game?-Id love to3.在在ask,advise,allow,permit,persuade,tell,wish 等词的复合结构中等词的复合结构中to通常保留通常保留Eg:Do the experiment as your teacher tells you to4.不定式的否定形式后保留不定式的否定形式后保留toEg:He wanted to quit school and I advised him not to注：注：to 后若是主动词后若是主动词have 或或 be时，必须保留。时，必须保留。Eg:-Sorry,I didnt finished doing my home work.-You ought to have.Our school is no longer what it used to be.
