1、非限制性定语从句起补充说明的作用，省去后不影响主句的意思；用逗号与主句分开；翻译时常译作并列的分句。非限制性定语从句This note was left by John,who was here a moment ago.这条子是约翰留的，他刚才来过这儿。比较：Those who want to go,please sign their names here.想去的人请在这里签名。1.限制性定语从句起限定作用，是主句不可缺少的部分；2.与先行词间无逗号；3.翻译时常译作前置定语。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：My sisterMy sister,who i
2、s twenty,works in works in a bank.a bank.The man The man who came here yesterday has has come e again.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，行词作些附加说明，如果去掉
3、，主句的意思仍然清楚。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。写时往往逗号分开。The travellers who knew about the floods took another road.The travellers,who knew about the floods,took another road.只有那些知道前面有洪水的旅客们才绕道而行。旅客们知道前面有洪水，因而绕道而行。几种情况：1、which用来指物 (此时不用that)The BBC World Service broadcasts all kinds of programs,which c
4、hange from month to month.The clock struck thirteen,which made everyone laugh.Which修饰整个句子。which指代“The clock struck thirteen”.又如：The elevator is out of order,which is too bad.She said that the man was a thief,which turned out to be true.2、who用来指人Charlie Chaplin,who died In 1977,was one of the worlds
5、greatest actors.3、whom在句中作宾语The doctor,whom the nurse is talking to,is leaving for Africa next week.4、when在句中作时间状语He went to the States in 1912,when he was noticed by an important film director.5、where在句中作地点状语Chaplin went to the States,where most of the films were made at that time.6、whose 句中作定语Chap
6、lin,whose mother was ill for many years,had to dance in streets to earn money.7、介词which/whom/whoseIn the office,I never seem to have time until 5:30 p.m.,by which time many people have gone home.Al introduced me to his roommates,both of whom are from California.some of,many of,most of,none of,two of
7、,half of,both of,neither of,each of,all of,several of,a few of,little of,a number ofThe teachers discussed Jim,one of whose problems was poor study habits.改正句子：Last night I took a taxi,and which took me home.and itWe expressed the hope which Mr.and Mrs.smith would come to visit China the next year.t
8、hat1.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but _didnt help.A.he B.which C.she D.it2.I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers,_has a great effect on my life.A.that,which B.when,whichC.which,that D.when,who3.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows
9、,most of _hadnt been cleaned at least a year.A.these B.thoseC.that D.which4.There are twenty-five pupils in the class,_ are from the United States.A.three of which B.some of whomC.all of them D.five of those5.The students climbed the hill,_ they could get a wonderful view.A.on its top B.on the top o
10、f itC.on whose top D.on the top of that6.The weather turned out to be very good,_was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.if7.This dictionary,the first few pages_ are missing,is of no use.A.of which B.for which C.to that D.to which8.Beijing,_,is a beautiful city.A.which is the capital o
11、f China.B.which is the capital cityC.that is the capital of ChinaD.that is the capital city9.He made another wonderful discovery,_ of great importance.A.which I think isB.which I think it isC.which I think itD.I think which is10.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into mouth.A.it B.whichC
12、.this D.that11.Carol said the work would be done by October,_ personally I doubt very much.A.it B.thatC.when D.which12.The weather turned out to be very good,_was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.if13.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most of _hadnt been cleaned at least a
13、year.A.these B.thoseC.that D.which14._ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.A.Which B.AsC.That D.It As引导非限制性定语从句，位于句首，在定语从句中作主语，代表整个主句所表达的内容。15._ is known to all,China will be an _ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time.A.ThatadvancingB.ThisadvancedC.AsadvancedD.Itadvancing
