1、20212021中考复习中考复习语法精讲：语法精讲：非谓语动词非谓语动词知识结构知识结构1.动词不定式的形式动词不定式的形式基本形式：基本形式：to动词原形；动词原形；省略省略to的不定式的不定式否定形式：否定形式：not to do sth.2.动词不定式的句法功能动词不定式的句法功能(1)作宾语作宾语及物动词动词不定式，及物动词动词不定式，如：如：She promised to come at nine oclock.她答应九点来的。她答应九点来的。考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式常见接动词不定式作宾语的动词常见接动词不定式作宾语的动词agree同意同意afford负担得
2、起负担得起arrange安排安排choose选择选择dare敢敢decide决定决定expect期望期望 help帮助帮助hope希望希望manage设法完成；达成设法完成；达成offer提供提供learn学习学习plan计划计划prepare准备准备promise许诺许诺refuse拒绝拒绝want想想wish希望希望考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式宾语后有宾语补足语，宾语后有宾语补足语，常用常用it作形式宾语作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置，而将真正的宾语后置，如：如：I found it important to get up early in the morning.我
3、发现早上早起很重要。我发现早上早起很重要。考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式(2)作宾语补足语作宾语补足语常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语短语)(v.sb.to do sth.)allow允许允许order命令命令teach教教ask要求要求want想要想要invite邀请邀请forbid禁止禁止wish希望希望encourage鼓励鼓励tell告诉告诉warn警告警告advise建议建议expect期望期望would like愿意愿意force强迫强迫考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式【注意】【注意】有一些感官动词和实义动词也用不
4、定式作宾补，这时有一些感官动词和实义动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感。这些动词有：一感(feel)；二听；二听(hear,listen to)；三让三让(let,make,have)；四看；四看(look at,see,watch,notice)。但变被。但变被动语态时，动语态时，to要还原。要还原。如：如：The boss made them work the whole day.老板让他们工作了一整天。老板让他们工作了一整天。该句的被动语态应为：该句的被动语态应为：They were made to work the whole day by the
5、 boss.考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式(3)作状语作状语作目的状语作目的状语常用结构：常用结构：only to do(仅仅为了仅仅为了),in order to do,so as to do。如：如：He ran fast so as to catch the first bus.他跑得很快，为的是赶上第一趟公共汽车。他跑得很快，为的是赶上第一趟公共汽车。考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式作结果状语作结果状语常用结构：常用结构：so.as to,too.to.,enough.to.,only to do(表示没有表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果预料到的或
6、事与愿违的结果)如：如：I awoke only to find my luggage gone.我醒来后发现我的行李不见了。我醒来后发现我的行李不见了。作原因状语作原因状语如：如：Im glad to see you.见到你很高兴。见到你很高兴。考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式(4)作主语。作主语。不定式在句中作主语时，相当于名词或代词所起的作用。不定式在句中作主语时，相当于名词或代词所起的作用。如果不定式短语较长，为了避免头重脚轻，往往用如果不定式短语较长，为了避免头重脚轻，往往用it作形式主语，把作形式主语，把真正的主语真正的主语(动词不定式动词不定式)置于句末或句中。
7、置于句末或句中。如：如：It is helpful to learn words by remembering them in groups.通过小组记忆单词有助于学习单词。通过小组记忆单词有助于学习单词。考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式(5)作表语。作表语。常位于系动词之后。常位于系动词之后。如：如：A good way to train the brain is to do some math exercises every day.训练大脑的一个好方法是每天做一些数学练习。训练大脑的一个好方法是每天做一些数学练习。(6)作定语。作定语。不定式作定语时，要置于被修饰的名词
8、之后，作后置定语。不定式作定语时，要置于被修饰的名词之后，作后置定语。如：如：I dont have a partner to practice English with.我没有练习英语的搭档。我没有练习英语的搭档。考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式3.使用动词不定式的主要句型使用动词不定式的主要句型(1)It isadj.of/for sb.to do sth.意为意为“某人做某事真是太怎么样了某人做某事真是太怎么样了/对某人来说做某事怎么样对某人来说做某事怎么样”。(2)Its ones turn to do sth.意为意为“轮到某人做某事了轮到某人做某事了”。(3)It
9、 takes/took sb.some time to do sth.意为意为“某人花多长时间做某事某人花多长时间做某事”。考点精讲考点精讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式(4)Its time to do sth.意为意为“是该做是该做的时候了的时候了”。(5)sb.beadj.to do sth.意为意为“某人因某人因而而”。(6)find/think/feel itadj.to do sth.意为意为“发现发现/认为认为/感到做某事是感到做某事是的的”。(7)疑问词疑问词(who/what/which/when/how/where)不定式作动词的宾不定式作动词的宾语。语。考点精讲考点精
10、讲考点一考点一 动词不定式动词不定式1.动名词的句法功能动名词的句法功能功能功能例句例句作主语作主语Seeing is believing.眼见为实。眼见为实。作表语作表语Her hobby is planting different kinds of flowers.她的爱好是种植各种各样的花。她的爱好是种植各种各样的花。考点精讲考点精讲考点二考点二 动名词动名词功能功能例句例句作宾语作宾语动词宾动词宾语语 I will finish reading the book and give a report next Monday.下星期一我就会读完这本书并作报告。下星期一我就会读完这本书并作报
11、告。介词宾介词宾语语You cant stop people from saying what they think.你不能阻止人们说出他们的想法。你不能阻止人们说出他们的想法。作定语作定语Our country is a developing country.我们国家是一个发展中国家。我们国家是一个发展中国家。考点精讲考点精讲考点二考点二 动名词动名词2.常见后接动名词常见后接动名词作宾语的动词作宾语的动词/短语短语avoid避免避免consider考虑考虑enjoy喜欢喜欢finish完成完成imagine想象想象keep坚持坚持mind介意介意practice练习练习suggest建议建
12、议feel like想要想要look forword to 期待期待give up放弃放弃考点精讲考点精讲考点二考点二 动名词动名词既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词forget to do sth.忘了去做某事忘了去做某事(未做未做)forget doing sth.忘了做过某事忘了做过某事go on to do sth.(做完一件事做完一件事)接着去做另外一件事接着去做另外一件事go on doing sth.继续不停地做某事继续不停地做某事mean to do sth.打算打算/想要做某事想要做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事意味着做某事考点精讲考
13、点精讲考点二考点二 动名词动名词need to do sth.需要去做某事需要去做某事(主动含义主动含义)need doing sth.某事需要被做某事需要被做(被动含义被动含义)remember to do sth.记得去做某事记得去做某事(未做未做)remember doing sth.记得做过某事记得做过某事stop to do sth.停下来去做另外的事停下来去做另外的事stop doing sth.停止正在做的某事停止正在做的某事try to do sth.尽力做某事尽力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事尝试做某事考点精讲考点精讲考点二考点二 动名词动名词考点精讲考点精讲真
14、题训练真题训练1.【2020湖北省黄石市】He spent two hours _ his mother with housework last Sunday.AhelpingBhelpedCto help Dhelp2.【2020长沙市】We are glad _ that traditional Chinese medicine can work wonders in preventing some diseases.A.knowB.to knowC.knowingAB考点精讲考点精讲3.【2020益阳市】Diana used to _ to work,but now she is use
15、d to _ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.A.drive;walk B.drive;walking C.driving;walk4.【2020怀化市】A lot of old people are lonely.What can we do to help them?I want _ the old peoples home to talk to them.A.visitB.to visitC.visitingBB考点精讲考点精讲5.【2020 内蒙古包头市】_ the project as planned,the
16、y need to work two more hours a day.ATo finishBFinishingCFinishDTo be finishedA提升训练提升训练learndrawfeelconfidentdealto share help face doHow to relieve pressureNowadays,no matter how young or old we are,we have to 1 with many different kinds of things in our daily lives.Some of them can make us 2 pleas
17、ed or relaxed,while others can make us feel stressed out.As students,we also have to deal with a lot of pressure from school work,interpersonal relationships and other aspects.3 how to deal with pressure is important.First,we must be confident enough to 4 pressure.If we dont have enough 5 ，we will f
18、eel too stressed out to know how to deal with it.dealfeelLearningfaceconfidence提升训练提升训练learndrawfeelconfidentdealto share help face doSecond,we can do something we like,such as 6 pictures,singing songs or playing games.7 these things not only helps us relax,but also develop our interests and hobbies
19、.Last but not least,we should keep good relationships with our families and friends.When we are under pressure,our family members or friends can come to 8 us and teach us how to face pressure with a positive attitude.At the same time,we should have conversations with our families or friends as often
20、 as possible to 9 the things in our hearts and opinions in our mind.This can help them understand us better and get along with us better.Too much pressure is not good for our growth and development.Lets relieve the pressure together 10 make us stronger and better.drawingDoinghelpshareto20212021中考复习中考复习Come on!Wheretheresawilltheresaway.
