1、第12讲巧扩妙展,文采无限扩展句在写作中的应用,一、魔法导航在写作中我们通常把用以支持主题句的句子称为支持句或扩展句。段落扩展句的写作是段落写作的“核心”,其质量高低将决定整段文章的成败。在段落扩展句的写作中要注意以下几个问题:1.抓住一个中心,对扩展句精挑细选。所有的扩展句都必须与主题句保持一致,都要为主题句服务。所有与主题句无关或关系不大的句子都要从扩展句中去掉。如:Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem.In spite of the large-scale construction of roads and highway
2、s,there is still much room for improvement,because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.Whats worse,some drivers,cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.,【评析】本段的主题句“Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem.”点明了本段的中心思想:介绍导致交通问题的原因。下面的扩展句紧紧围绕中心句说明了两
3、种具体原因,有力地支持了主题句。2.选用合理的写作顺序,保持扩展句之间的连贯性。扩展句不能杂乱无章地堆砌到一块,而是应该恰当运用合理的写作顺序(如时间、空间、逻辑等顺序)把各个扩展句有机地组织起来,使其浑然一体。例1:运用空间顺序组织扩展句。如:Our library is in the center of the school.Theres a beautiful garden in front of it and our classroom building is right behind it.例2:利用时间或逻辑顺序组织扩展句。如:When the craftsman came int
4、o the classroom,we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box.First,he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.We stood around him and watched attentively.,Then we started to have a try ourselves.The old man walked around and helped us patiently.Finally,
5、we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman.Looking at the figurines,we were all very excited.【评析】本段利用时间顺序组织写作,向老艺人学习捏面人的过程跃然纸上,读后令人印象深刻。3.恰当议论,锦上添花。在扩展句的写作中根据实际需要对某些扩展句进行恰当的点评或做进一步的阐释不但可以丰富段落内容,而且还可以起到深化主题、画龙点睛的作用。如:When I am faced with difficulties,I usually
6、choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages.In this way,I can not only work them out but also improve my ability to overcome difficulties all by myself.,4.注重结构,段落层次分明。在段落扩展句的写作中可以采用有形或无形的“三节式”扩展模式,即“主题句+扩展句+总结句”的结构。如:In fact,traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely
7、 related to public order.Without them,people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos.But rules alone dont secure an orderly society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.Therefore,it is everybodys duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right tra
8、ck.,二、学以致用1.完美文章根据上下文在横线上填上合适的扩展句或过渡语。We all want to grow up happily and healthily,and for this goal we must do several things.Firstly,we should develop a good attitude to life,because 扩展句(1) life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.过渡语 Thus/Therefore,we should be brave when faced with
9、 difficulties.Secondly,we must study hard because扩展句(2) knowledge is power .If we have the power,we can help to build our country and enjoy life better.过渡语 In addition/Besides/Whats more,in order to study well,we need to do sports so that扩展句(3) we can keep fit .For example,we can go running,play bal
10、l games or simply take a walk after a days study.If we do those things well,扩展句(4) we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.,2.话题写作【本期话题】未来生活【写作微练】请根据下面的提示,写一篇90词左右的英语短文。1.未来的生存环境更加舒适漂亮;2.太阳能、风能等新能源应用更加广泛;3.机器人等高科技产品进入普通家庭。注意:给出合理的扩展句。,答案One possible version:With the science and technology d
11、eveloping,Im optimistic about life in the future.By that time the surroundings where we live will be more comfortable and beautiful.In addition,new forms of energy such as solar energy,wind energy will be made full use of,which will be of great use in protecting the environment.Also,robots as well a
12、s other high-tech products will go into common families.Not only can they help people do the housework,but also they can look after the babies.Such is the life in future which is bound to be more comfortable and convenient.,三、实战提能如何理解“成功”,不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语(quotation),按要求用英语写一篇短文。“Success is the
13、ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.”Sir Winston Churchill内容要求:1.你对该引语的理解;2.你的相关经历;3.恰当的结尾。,本文档仅为全套资料之一，欢迎点击下方按钮链接，下载全套资料！,请点此到下载本文全套资料,注意:1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.文中不能出现考生的具体信息;3.词数:120左右。我会审题,我会联想1.词汇铺路(1)泄气的discouraged(2)自信的confident(3)烦人的boring(4)放弃give up(5)鼓励某人做某事enc
14、ourage sb. to do sth.(6)坚持stick to(7)获得成功gain/achieve success,2.句型搭桥(1)There is no need to do sth.(2)I am aware that.(3)Only in this way can.我会表达This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that,答案One possible version: This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldnt get discouraged
15、 right after failures.Rather,we should keep trying with enthusiasm.Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.At the age of twelve,I got a nice bike as a birthday gift.So excited was I that I Couldnt wait to try my hand at riding it.However,it was harder than expected.The b
16、ike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still,I took many falls off the bike.I was about to give up when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.With more practice,I did better and better.Looking back,I feel I wouldn-t be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.Actually,we cant succe
17、ed in everything we try.Whats important is that we should stick at it.,【写作点评】本文作者充分结合自身经历阐释了自己对题目要求中引语的看法。文中主题句概括准确,扩展句充分、合理,总结句深刻、到位,句式结构丰富多彩,体现了作者高超的语言驾驭能力。美句必背1.Personally,it is not necessary for us to feel frustrated when faced with failure.2.Its generally acknowledged that success belongs to those who keep trying with their enthusiasm.3.Without hard work as well as enthusiasm,we couldnt achieve any success in life.,
