1、 句子类型教学目标：教学目标：中考考点：中考考点：1.陈述句的肯定式和否定式；陈述句的肯定式和否定式；2.疑问句的四种类型；疑问句的四种类型；3.感叹句的两种结构；感叹句的两种结构；4.祈使句的肯定式和否定式祈使句的肯定式和否定式5.肯定倒装句和否定倒装句的用法肯定倒装句和否定倒装句的用法能力要求：能力要求：1.陈述句的肯定变否定，否定变肯定；单数变复数；复数变陈述句的肯定变否定，否定变肯定；单数变复数；复数变单数；单数；（重点）（重点）2.陈述句变成一般疑问句陈述句变成一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反意，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句；疑问句；（重点）（重点）3.感叹句感叹句how
2、/what 的构成及运用；的构成及运用；（难点）（难点）4.祈使句的用法（难点）祈使句的用法（难点）5.so 的肯定倒装句和的肯定倒装句和neither/nor 的否定倒装句的否定倒装句（疑点）（疑点）复习动词的分类：复习动词的分类：1.2.3.4.be 动词：动词：am,is,are,was,were,助动词：助动词：do,does,did 情态动词：情态动词：could,must,can,may,might,have to,cant 行为动词行为动词/实义动词：实义动词：run,laugh,speak,smile 除了除了be动词，助动词，情态动词，剩下的动词，助动词，情态动词，剩下的都是
3、行为动词；都是行为动词；考点一：陈述句考点一：陈述句：用于陈述一个事实或表达说话让：用于陈述一个事实或表达说话让人看法的句子。通常用人看法的句子。通常用句号句号结尾；结尾；陈述句分为陈述句分为肯肯定句和否定句；定句和否定句；陈述句按陈述句按动词的分类动词的分类分为四种：分为四种：1.含有含有be 动词的陈述句；动词的陈述句；I am a teacher;Bob is watching TV;They were playing computer games.变成变成否定句否定句：I am not a teacher;Bob is not watching TV;They were not pla
4、ying computer games;含有含有be 动词的陈述句；动词的陈述句；I am a teacher;Bob is watching TV;They were playing computer games.变成一般疑问句：变成一般疑问句：Are you a teacher?Yes,I am./No,Im not.(第一人称变成一般疑问句，要改成第二人称）第一人称变成一般疑问句，要改成第二人称）Is Bob watching TV?Yes,he is./No,he isnt.Were they playing computer games?Yes,they were./No,they
5、werent.小结：当陈述句子里面含有be 动词；变成否定句时在be 动词后直接加not；变成一般疑问句时，把be 动词提前即可;Exercises:1.She is an English girl.(改为否定句）She _ _ an English girl.(改成一般疑问句,并做肯定回答和否定回答）_ _ an Englsih girl?Yes,_ _./No,_ _.isnotIs shesheisshe isnt 2.含有情态动词的陈述句含有情态动词的陈述句;I can play the guitar.Bob and Lucy could speak English at the ag
6、e of 4.We must obey the school rules.变成否定句：变成否定句：I can not play the guitar.Bob and Lucy could not speak Englsih at the age of 4.We must not obey the school rules.2.含有情态动词的陈述句含有情态动词的陈述句;I can play the guitar.Bob and Lucy could speak English at the age of 4.We must obey the school rules.变成一般疑问句：变成一般疑问
7、句：Can you play the guitar?Yes,I can./No,I cant .Could Bob and Lucy speak Englsih?Yes,they could./No,they couldnt.at the age of 4.Must we obey the school rules?Yes,you must./No,we neednt.小结：陈述句里含有情态动词.的陈述句：变成否定句时，在情态动词can/could 后面直接 not；变成一般疑问句时，把情态动词could/can 提前；1.She can speak English.(变成否定句）She _
8、_ speak English.（变成一般疑问句，并作出回答）_ _ speak English?Yes,_ _./No,_ _ cannotCanshe shecanshecant 3.只含有行为动词的陈述句；只含有行为动词的陈述句；1.Lily likes to watch TV every day.2.You look beautiful today.3.They did a lot of homework yesterday.变成否定句变成否定句1.Lily doesnt like to watch TV every day.2.You dont look beautiful toda
9、y.3.They didnt do a lot of homework yesterday.3.只含有行为动词的陈述句；只含有行为动词的陈述句；1.Lily likes to watch TV every day.2.You look beautiful today.3.They did a lot of homework yesterday.变成一般疑问句：变成一般疑问句：1.Does Lily like to watch TV every day?Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.2.Do You look beautiful today?Yes,I do ./No,
10、I dont .3.Did they do a lot of homework yesterday?Yes,they did./No,they didnt.小结：当陈述句中的谓语动词只有行为动词充当时，变成否定句需要在行为动词前加上dont,doesnt,didnt,同时要把行为动词还原成原形即可；变成一般疑问句需要Do,Does,Did 来帮忙，助动词放在句首，同时要把行为动词还原成原形即可。eg.Lily likes apples.(改成否定句）Lily _ _ apples.（改成一般疑问句）_ Lily _ apples?Yes,_ _./No,_ _.doesnt likeDoesl
11、ikeshedoesshedoesnt4.现在完成时的句子即：含有现在完成时的句子即：含有have/has+done.的陈述句：的陈述句：I have learned English since 2012.She has kept the books for two weeks.They have been to Thailand twice.变成否定句：变成否定句：I have not learned Englsih since 2012.She has not kept the books for two weeks.They have not been to Thailand twice
12、.4.现在完成时的句子即：含有现在完成时的句子即：含有have/has+done.的陈述句：的陈述句：I have learned English since 2012.She has kept the books for two weeks.They have been to Thailand twice.变成一般疑问句：变成一般疑问句：Have you learned Englsih since 2012?Yes,I have./No,I havent.Has she kept the books for two weeks?Yes,she has./No,she hasnt.Have t
13、hey been to Thailand twice?Yes,they have./No,they havent.小结：在现在完成时的句型中即:主语+have/has+p.p+.的陈述句；变成否定句时，在have/has后加not;变成一般疑问句时，把Have/Has 提前即可。Exercises:She has kept the books for two weeks.（改为否定句）She _ _ kept the books for two weeks.（改为一般疑问句）_ she _ the books for two weeks?Yes,she _./No,she _.hasnotHa
14、skepthashasnt 考点二：疑问句：1.一般疑问句 2.特殊疑问句 3.选择疑问句 4.反意疑问句 1.一般疑问句：用一般疑问句：用yes 或或no 回答的疑问句；回答的疑问句；结构：结构：1.Be+主语主语+.？2.Does/Do/Did助动词助动词+主语主语+.？3.Could/Can/Must/May.情态动词情态动词+主语主语+.？4.Have/Has+主语主语+p.p+.?eg.将下列句子改成一般疑问句，并回答。将下列句子改成一般疑问句，并回答。1.I am a student._ _ a student?Yes,_ _./No,_ _ .2.Lily watches TV
15、every day._ Lily _ TV every day?Yes,_ _./No,_ _.AreyouIamImnotDoeswatchshedoesshedoesnt eg.将下列句子改成一般疑问句，并回答。将下列句子改成一般疑问句，并回答。3.Lily can speak English._ Lily _ English?Yes,she _./No,she _.4.You have learned English for three years._ you _ English for three years?Yes,_ _./No,_ _.CanspeakcancantHavelea
16、rnedIhaveIhavent 2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？一般疑问句？What language does she speak?特殊疑问句：常见的疑问句有：特殊疑问句：常见的疑问句有：who（谁）（谁）,whom（谁）（谁）,whose（谁的）（谁的）,what（什么）（什么）,when（什么时候）（什么时候）,what time（几点），（几点），where（哪里）（哪里）,how（怎样）（怎样）,how old（多大）（多大）,how much（多少钱）（多少钱）,how many（多少）（多少）,which（哪个）（哪个）,why（为什么）（为什么）,
17、how long（多长时间）（多长时间）,how soon（多久）（多久）,how often,（多久一次）（多久一次）Exercise:1.She teaches English since 2012.(划线提问）划线提问）_ _ _ she _ English?How longdoesteach3.选择疑问句选择疑问句=一般疑问句一般疑问句+or+被选择的被选择的对象？不能用对象？不能用yes 和和no 回答。回答。Is she tall or short?Can she play the drums or the piano?4.反意疑问句：陈述句，简单问句？反意疑问句：陈述句，简单问句
18、？用用yes 和和no 回答；回答；事实是肯定的用事实是肯定的用yes,事实是否定的用事实是否定的用no.遵循的原则是：遵循的原则是：前肯定，前肯定，后否定；后否定；前否定，后肯定；前否定，后肯定；She is a nurse,_ _?They can fly a kite,_ _?Lucy watches TV,_ _?They have learned English,_ _?She isnt a nurse,_ _?They can not fly a kite,_ _?They havent learned English,_ _?There is little water in th
19、e bottle,_ _?Lets.,_ _?Let us.,_ _?Dont speak,_ _?isnt shecant theydoesnt she havent they is she can they have theyis there shall we will youwill you1.I have few friends here,?2.I have a few frends here,?3.She has little money in her bag,?4.She has a little money in her bag,?5.Danny can hardly speak
20、 Chinese,?6.Danny can speak some Chinese,?do Idoes shecan he dont Idoesntshecant he考点三：祈使句：表示命令，请求或建议某人做某考点三：祈使句：表示命令，请求或建议某人做某事的句型；事的句型；结构：结构：肯定式：肯定式：V原形原形+.Stand,please.Open the door.否定式：否定式：Dont+V原形原形+.Dont smoke.Dont talk.练习题：练习题：Stand up,please.（改为否定句）（改为否定句）_ _ up,please.Dont stand 考点四：感叹句：以感叹
21、号结尾的句子即考点四：感叹句：以感叹号结尾的句子即.结构分两种：结构分两种：1.What+a/an+形容词形容词+名词名词+主语主语+谓语！谓语！2.How+形容词形容词/副词副词+主语主语+谓语！谓语！eg.What a beautiful girl she is!How beautiful the girl is!练习题：练习题：()1._ fine weather it is today!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a A考点五：倒装句考点五：倒装句 肯定倒装句结构：肯定倒装句结构：So+be动词动词/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词/have/has+主语主语
22、.（某人也一样，后面的人和前面的人不是同一个人）（某人也一样，后面的人和前面的人不是同一个人）否定倒装句结构：否定倒装句结构：Neither/(Nor)+be 动词动词/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词/have/has+主语主语.eg.-Lucy is a beautiful.（Lucy是一个漂亮的女孩）是一个漂亮的女孩）-So is Lily.（Lily 也是也是）-John cant speak English.(John 不会说英语）不会说英语）-Neither can Helen.（Helen 也不会）也不会）So+主语主语+be动词动词/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词/have/ha
23、s.(某人确实如此）某人确实如此）一般现在时的被动语态：主语一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am/is/are+p.p+.1.The students clean the classroom every day.(改成被动语态）改成被动语态）The classroom _ _ by the students every day.2.Most of Germans speak German.(改成被动语改成被动语态）态）German _ _ by Germans.（改成被动语（改成被动语态）态）3.The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples
24、 homes.（改成被动语态）（改成被动语态）Letters and postcards _ _ to peoples homes by the postman.iscleanedisspokenarebrought 一般过去时的被动语态：主语一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was/were+p.p+.eg.1.They sold the fridge at a low price.（改为被（改为被动语态）动语态）The fridge _ _ at a low price(by them).2.Different writers translated the book into different
25、 languages.（改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）The book _ _ into different languages by different writers.3.Our parents advised us not to go out alone.（改（改为被动语态）为被动语态）We _ _ not to go out alone by our parents.wassoldwastranslatedwere advised含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：主语主语+情态动词情态动词+be+p.p+.eg.1.Paretns should allow the tee
26、nager to choose their own clothes.The teenagers should _ _to choose their own clothes.2.You must clean your classroom every day.Your bedroom must _ _ every day.3.Parents should give teenages chances to make their own decisions.Teenages should _ _ chances to make their own decisions.beallowedbecleane
27、dbegiven小结：小结：将主动语态变成被动语态的基本方法：将主动语态变成被动语态的基本方法：1.将将主动语态的宾语主动语态的宾语作为被动语态的主语；作为被动语态的主语；2.谓语动词变成谓语动词变成be+及物动词的过去分词，及物动词的过去分词，并通过并通过be 的变化来表达出不同的时态。的变化来表达出不同的时态。3.主动语态的主语变成主动语态的主语变成by 短语，短语，组成介词短语，有时组成介词短语，有时可省略。可省略。We saw an alien get out of the UFO.An alien _ _ _ get out of the UFO.If you see the car
28、toon film,you will_ laugh.a,be made B.be made to C.make to D.makewasseen toB 句型转换：1.Sandra enjoys her stay in the city.（改为否定句）Sandra _ _ her stay in the city.2.She will have her singing lessons next Monday.(划线提问）_ _ she have her singing lessons?3.They get a letter from their son twice a week.（划线提问）_
29、 _ do they get a letter from their son?4.The woman in white is a nurse.(同上）_ _ is a nurse?doesnt enjoyWhenwillHow oftenWhichwoman1.It rained heavily yesterday morning.（变成一般（变成一般疑问句）疑问句）_ it _ heavily yesterday morning?2.The girl is my cousin.The girl is wearing glasses.（合并成一句话）（合并成一句话）The girl _ _ w
30、earing glasses is my cousin.3.The boy is too young to go to school.（同义句）（同义句）The boy is _ young _ he cant go to school.The boy isnt _ _ to go to school.Didrainwho issothatoldenough4.The teacher asked me,“Will you be a volunteer?”（变成宾语从句）（变成宾语从句）The teacher asked me _ I _ be a volunteer.5.I will go t
31、o Canada to visit my uncle in three days.（划线提问）（划线提问）_ _ will you go to Canada to visit your uncle?6.Mr.Smith is a very kind man._ _ kind man Mr.Smith is!if wouldHowsoonWhat a1.The mooncakes are delicious.（改为感叹句）（改为感叹句）_ _ the mooncakes are!_ _ mooncakes they are!2.My grandma cleans the room every d
32、ay.（改（改成被动语态）成被动语态）The room _ _ by my grandma every day.3.Mary didnt use to sleep late,_ _?How deliciousWhat deliciousiscleaneddid she4.We must plant trees every year.（改成被动语（改成被动语态）态）The trees must _ _ every year.5.The boss makes the workers work 12 hours every day.The workers _ made _ work 12 hours every day.beplantedareto考点六:其它 单数变复数：人称代词有单复数；指示代词有单复数；人称代词有单复数；指示代词有单复数；动词有单复数；动词有单复数；名词有单复数；名词有单复数；She is a girl.(变成复数）变成复数）_ _ _.They aregirlsThis is my pen._ _ my _.These arepens
