1、专题十五专题十五 词汇运用词汇运用中考英语语法专题本专题内容适用于7-9年级学生本专题一般共需6课时第三课时 常考词组用法和区别（一）一、常考词组辨析二、巩固练习1.a few/few/a little/little/a bit(1)a few,few 用来修饰可数名词。(2)a few“有一些”，表示肯定概念，few 几乎没有，表示否定意义。例 The man has been here for many years,so he has a few friends.这个人在这里住了很多年了，他有一些朋友。I am a new comer here,so I have few friends
2、here.我刚来到这里，所以我在这里没有几个朋友。(3)a little,little 用于修饰不可数名词。(4)a little“有一些”，表示肯定概念。little“几乎没有”，表示否定概念。例 There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。There is little water in the glass,so you cant drink any.杯子里几乎没有水了，你不可能喝到水了。2by the way/on the way/in the way/in a way(1)by the way 常用作状语，意为“顺便问一下”,“顺便说一下”
3、。(2)on the way“在的路上”，后接名词时需加介词to,后接副词home、here、there时不加to。(3)in the way“挡路、妨碍”。(4)in a way“从某种程度上”例Your car is in the way.你的小汽车挡路了。He bought a pen on his/the way to school.他在上学的路上买了一枝钢笔。By the way,how old are you?顺便问一下，你多大了？In a way，he was right.在某个意义上说，他是对的。3.be afraid/be afraid of/be afraid to do(
4、1)be afraid意为“害怕”，如果后接宾语从句，意为“恐怕”，用来表示常有歉意的回话或引出令人不满意的消息。I am afraid I cant help you.我恐怕帮不了你的忙。(2)be afraid of+名词/代词/动名词，意为“害怕某人/做某事”，往往指长期具有的心理状态。I am afraid of going out at night.我害怕晚上出去。(3)be afraid to do sth.表示“害怕做某事”。如：I am afraid to stay in the house alone.我害怕一个人待在这所房子里。4.be used for/be used a
5、s/be used by (1)be used for 在这个短语中，介词for表用途，即“用来作”。A pen is used for writing.笔是用来书写的。(2)be used as 在这个短语中，介词as表身份或工具，即“被用作”。English is used as a useful tool in our country.在我国英语被作为一个有用的工具来使用。(3)be used by 短语中，介词by后接使用的执行者，“为所使用”之意。English is used by travelers and business people all over the world.英
6、语被世界上旅游者和商人所使用。5.be angry with/be angry about/be angry at(1)be angry with 后只能跟表“人”的名词或代词，意思是“生某人的气”，其后常跟一个表原因的介词for。The teacher was angry with me for my coming late.老师因为我来晚生气了。(2)be angry at=be angry about意思是“因某事而愤怒”。at或about后只能接表“事物”的名词。如：He is angry with/about small things.他常为一些小事生气。He was angry a
7、bout/at missing the film.他为错过那场电影而生气。1.He offered _valuable advice that _people disagreed.A.such a few B.such;few C.so;a few D.so;few2.Is there any orange in the fridge?Yes.But only _.A.few B.a little C.a few D.little 3.-I think he is taking an active part in social work.-I agree you .A.with;in a wa
8、y B.about;in the way C.at;on the way D.with;by the way4.Metal is used making machines while the computer can be used a tool.A.as;by B.for;as C.by;as D.for;by 5.She is afraid snakes,so she will be afraid walk through the forest.A.to;for B.of;for C.for;with D.of;to BBABD6.how often/how soon/how long/h
9、ow far这几组词都是用来提问时间或长度的但用法不同。how long意为“多长/久时间”，是对句子“for”,“since”,“fromto”等表示一段时间的状语的提问，可用于过去时，将来时或完成时。如：-How long will he be away?他要离开多长时间？-He will be away for two days.两天时间。-How long have you been a teacher?你当老师多久了？-For about ten years.大约10年了。注意：how long引导的句子动词一般为延续性动词。how soon意为某事多快能发生或完成,常对句子中的in
10、时间状语进行提问。如：-How soon will the building be finished?大楼过多久才能完工？-In a month.一个月吧。how often意为多长时间一次,每隔多久,是对句中的often,usually,every day,sometimes,never,once a week等表示频率的副词提问,多用于一般现在时。如：-How often do you go to see a film?-Once a week.-你多长时间看1次电影？-1周1次。how far 是对距离的提问，意为“长达千米/米”等。如：-How far is it from here
11、to the park?-It is two kilometers.从这里到公园有多远？两千米远。7.hear/hear of/hear from(1)hear 为及物动词，“听到”，表结果。I can hear you clearly.我能清楚听到你说的话。(2)hear of=hear about 为不及物动词,指某人间接地“听别人说起”，如：I have heard of the writer but I have never seen him.我听人们说起这位作家，但没见过他。(3)hear from 一般后接 sb.指“收到来信”。如：Have you heard from Jim?
12、你收到吉姆的来信了吗？8.in all/at all/of all/after all 这些含有all 的短语的意义与all 的本意无关，极易混淆。(1)in all“总计、总共”，在句中作状语 There are 60 students in our class in all.我们班共有60个学生。(2)at all“全然，根本不”，一般用于否定句中加强语气。She doesnt like football at all.她一点也不喜欢足球。(3)after all“毕竟、终究、到底”，一般置于句首或句尾作状语。After all,he is a child.毕竟,他还是个孩子。They f
13、inished the work after all.他们最终完成了工作。9.in time/on time/at times(1)in time 指“及时”，表示动作“在规定时间内”或提前发生。We have just in time for the bus.我们正好赶上那班车。(2)on time强调“准时，正点”。The train came into the station on time.火车准点进站。(3)at times=sometimesI hear that they visit the nursing home at times.我听说他们有时会去敬老院参观。10.in f
14、ront of/in the front of/before(1)in front of 相对某物体的外部而言，说明某人或某物体在某个地方的外部的前边。反义是：behind。如：There are some trees in front of the classroom.教室的外面有一棵树。(2)in the front of 想对于空间而言，说明人或某物在某空间的最前面，意为“在前部”，方位较具体。如：The teachers desk is in the front of the classroom.老师的讲台是在教室里的前方。(3)before 意味“在的前面”，可用作介词、连词、副词，
15、反义是after。before多用于指时间，但也可表位置。如：Tuesday comes before Wednesday.星期三之前是星期二。She sits before me.她坐在我前面。1._can you be ready,Andy?-In ten minutes.A How much B How often C How long D How soon2.Xiao Wang,_will it take to fly to Guangzhou?Sorry,I do not know.A.how far B.how soon C.how many D.how long 3.I that
16、 he had gone to Guangzhou.But Ive never him since then.A.heard of;heard from B.heard;heard of C.heard of;heard of D.heard from;heard 4.There were twenty at the party.His parents didnt mind it .A.of all;at all B.in all;after all C.after all;at all D.in all;at all 5.the old man comes to the museum and stands the statue for a while.A.in time;in front of B.on time;in the front of C.at times;in front of D.in time;in the front ofDDBDC课时总结 词组辨析是中考必考知识点，一般以单选和完形填空形式考查，需要在平时学习中多积累，把常用的近义词区别搞清楚，并善于观察思考，理解记忆，在练习中，学会运用，达到融会贯通，
