1、专题十四 复合句中考解读：中考解读：宾语从句是河北中考单项选择的常考点，侧重于引导词、时态、句意和语序的混合考查，涉及以下几种考查方式：引导词+句意（2020.40，2018.35，2016.40,2015.40,2014.45）；引导词+不定式（2015.39）；引导词+时态（2013.44,2012.45）；语序+时态（2011.45）。命题点1 宾语从句（10年9考）考点透析考点透析 解题技巧：解题技巧：考生在做宾语从句试题时，首先应从语序着手，宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语+宾语+其他，若选项不是陈述句语序，则可以直接排除。其次，从时态方面考虑，一般情况下，宾语从句的时态要
2、和主句的时态保持一致，但是，如果有明显的时间状语，则要根据时间状语来判断时态。最后，根据语境来判断疑问词，询问内容用what；询问时间用when/what time；询问地点用where；询问原因用why；询问方式用how等。宾语从句包含以下三大要素：宾语从句包含以下三大要素：1.语序语序从句中必须用陈述句语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他部分”。2.引导词引导词作用例句that本身无意义,在从句中不作成分,在口语或非正式文体中常省略He said（that）he would go to the seaside.他说他要去海边。if/whether意为“是否”,在从句中不作成分,但不可省略He
3、 asked me whether/if I could help him.他问我是否可以帮助他。引导词作用例句连接代词(what/which/who/whose/whom等)在从句中作一定的成分,如：主语、宾语、定语等Do you know what they were talking about just now?你知道他们刚才在谈论什么吗？（作宾语）He asked me whose book it was.他问我这是谁的书。（作定语）连接副词（when/where/why/how等）在从句中作状语Could you tell me where you are from?你能告诉我你来自
4、哪里吗？3.时态时态宾语从句的时态应遵循以下三个原则：（1）需要性原则需要性原则：主句若是现在时（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）或将来时,从句时态随句意。如：I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。（2）呼应性原则呼应性原则：主句若是过去时（包括一般过去时、过去进行时）,从句用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。如：He told me that he would take part in the high jump.他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。（3）特殊性原则：特殊性原则：若从句表示客
5、观真理或永久性情况,无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：He told me that the earth revolves around the sun.他告诉我地球绕着太阳公转。易错点：易错点：1.在介词之后，动词不定式之前只能用whether,不用if。如：I cant decide whether to buy this bike or not.我不能决定是否买这辆自行车。2.宾语从句的否定前移。在宾语从句中，当主语为第一人称，主句的谓语动词为think,believe,expect,imagine,suppose等词时,从句中表示否定意义的not应移到这些词之前。如：I do
6、nt think you are right.我认为你是不对的。3.如果复合句中宾语从句很长,那么可以用it作形式宾语,以免句子头重脚轻。如：He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.他很明确地说他更喜欢学习英语。4.当what,who,which在宾语从句中作主语时，该句型语序不变。如：I dont know whats wrong/the matter/the trouble with sb.;I dont know what happened to sb.;I dont know which is the way
7、to1.（2020河北40题）My cousin will drive me to school today,but I dont know .A.what hell do B.where hell go C.when well leave D.why well go thereC考点测验考点测验2.（2018河北35题）Hi,Ken.Did Mrs.Zhang tell us?Yes.She said we should meet there at nine.A.which was the way to the station B.why we should meet at the stat
8、ion C.when we should get to the station D.who we should meet at the stationC3.（2016河北40题）Im planning a trip to the beach tomorrow,but still cant decide .A.where Im going B.how Im going C.why Im planning D.when Im planning4.（2015河北39题）Its important for us to know all the subjects.Yeah,group work is m
9、y favorite.A.how to study B.when to study C.which to study D.what to studyBA5.（2015河北40题）Could you tell me?Talking about festivals.A.how they are playing B.what they are doing C.where they are going D.why they are practicingB6.（2014河北45题）I have some tickets for the basketball match.I wonder .A.where
10、 you buy the tickets B.why you like to go there C.if youd like to come along D.when you watch the matchC7.（2013河北44题）If you cant find the place,I will show you .A.what it is B.what it was C.where it is D.where it was8.（2012河北45题）Our teachers always give us good advice.We should follow .A.what they s
11、ay B.what they said C.which they say D.which they saidCA9.（2011河北45题）Jenny is on holiday now.I wonder .A.when she will come back B.when she came back C.when will she come back D.when did she come backA10.Excuse me.Could you tell me?At Xinhua Bookstore on Beijing Road of Kail.A.where did you buy the
12、magazine B.why you bought the magazine C.how did you buy the magazine D.where you bought the magazineD11.Could you tell me ,please?Sure.Its next to the post office.A.how far is it to go to the supermarket B.where the supermarket is C.how far it is to go to the supermarket D.where is the supermarketB
13、12.Fathers Day is coming.Im thinking about .A.what present I gave him B.where will we have a big meal C.if I planned a party for him D.how I will give him a surpriseD13.This article is too hard to understand.I wonder .Maybe you can turn to Mr.Wu.He reads a lot and is ready to offer help.A.who I can
14、ask for help B.whether I can ask for help C.who can I ask for help D.whether can I ask for helpA14.Excuse me,could you please tell me the Science Museum?Sure.Go along the street and turn left.Its next to the Bank of China.A.when I can get to B.when can I get to C.how I can get to D.how can I get toC
15、15.Do you know?Let me see.I remember it was on March 18th.A.how they moved here B.why they moved here C.whether they moved here D.when they moved hereD16.Andy,could you tell me the school sports meet?Next week.A.why we will have B.why will we have C.when we will have D.when will we haveC17.I dont kn
16、ow .Because he has to look after his mother.A.why he is leaving B.why is he leaving C.whether he is leaving D.whether is he leaving A18.Could you tell me?By searching the Internet.A.how you got the information B.when you got the information C.how did you get the information D.when did you get the in
17、formationA命题点2 定语从句（2011.43）在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句，被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词when,where,why。关系代词和关系副词既起连接作用，又充当从句中的一个成分。考点透析考点透析 解题技巧：解题技巧：考生在解答定语从句类试题时，可按以下步骤解题:首先根据语境,分析句子结构,找出先行词；然后判断先行词是指人还是指物,缩小关系代词的选择范围；最后把先行词还原到定语从句中,明确先行词在定语从句中所作的成分，如果从句缺少主干成分，用关系代词；如果从句不缺
18、主干成分，用关系副词。1.关系代词的基本用法结构图示：关系词成分先行词例句that主语、宾语人、物I love movies that are funny.（作主语）Everything(that)you learn becomes a part of you and changes you.（作宾语）which主语、宾语事、物The book which is on the table is mine.（作主语）Ill never forget the days(which)we spent together.（作宾语）关系词成分先行词例句who（2011.43）主语、宾语人Id like
19、to congratulate all the students who are here today.（作主语）whom宾语人Hes the boy(whom)I talked with just now.whose定语人、物He is the writer whose name is Jerry.The room whose window is open is mine.注意：关系代词在句中作宾语时常可省略。2.关系副词的基本用法结构图示：关系词成分先行词例句when时间状语时间I remember the day when we met for the first time.where地
20、点状语地点This is the town where Chairman Xi Jinping was born.why原因状语原因I want to know the reason why you didnt come to school this morning.3.特殊的用法特殊的用法 指物时，只能用指物时，只能用that的情况：的情况：(1)先行词是all,none,little,much,some,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时。如：Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把发生的一切告诉了他妈妈。(
21、2)先行词前面有the only,the very,the last,the same等修饰时。如：This is the only book that I can find.这就是我能找到的唯一一本书。(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the best book that I have ever read.这是我读过最好的书。(4)先行词既有人又有物时。如：Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.我从来没听说过你刚刚谈论的人和事。指物时，只能用指物时，只能用wh
22、ich的情况：的情况：(1)关系代词放在介词之后。如：This is the factory in which we once worked.这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂。(2)非限制性定语从句中。如：This is a famous book,which was written by Lu Xun.这是鲁迅写的一本有名的书。19.（2011河北43题）The teachers came for a visit are foreigners.A.who B.whom C.whose D.which20.There are lots of things I need to prepare befo
23、re the trip.A.who B.that C.whom D.whoseAB考点测验考点测验21.According to a survey,people are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.A.which B.whom C.whose D.who22.Sara is the girl has taught me how to use WeChat.A.whom B.which C.what D.who23.Yesterday Mr.Green went to
24、 his hometown and visited the old house he was born in.A.which B.where C.what D.itDDA24.Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years.Everything comes into sight is so new to me.A.that B.which C.who D.whom25.I hate the dogs live in the next house.They make loud noises all night.A.
25、who B.that C.what D.whomAB26.If you are down,you can find someone you trust to talk to.Then youll feel much better.A.whom B.whose C.which D.what27.I will never forget the first present my best friend gave me.It was a book written by Bing Xin.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whoAA命题点3 状语从句（必考：1道）河北中考对状语从句的考查会与从属
26、连词相结合，主要在状语从句中考查从属连词的辨析及应用，故该命题点考生可结合从属连词进行复习。考点透析考点透析1.类别及其引导词类别 引导词时间状语从句when/while/as当时 before在之前after在之后 since自从until/till直到 as soon as一就条件状语从句if如果 unless除非as long as只要类别引导词原因状语从句because因为 since既然 as由于让步状语从句though/although尽管，虽然 even if/though 即使目的状语从句so that以便，为了 in order that为了结果状语从句sothat/such
27、that如此以至于2.时态时态在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列几种情况：（1）主将从现。在时间、条件状语从句中，若主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。If she comes here tomorrow,I will go to the park with her.如果明天她来这里，我将和她一起去公园。（2）since引导的时间状语从句，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。如：Our English teacher has worked
28、 in this school since she graduated from Peking University.自从北京大学毕业后，我们的英语老师就在这所学校工作。28.As soon as the rain ,they will go out to pick apples.A.stops B.stopped C.will stop D.is stopping29.Even if you learn something well，you it unless you use it.A.forget B.forgot C.have forgotten D.will forgetAD考点测验考
29、点测验30.Try to get to the airport a few hours before your flight takes off you wont miss it.A.so thatB.unlessC.becauseD.until30.Lily is my classmate.We each other since she came to our school.A.know B.knew C.have known D.will know32.You are not allowed to take a bus you wear a mask（口罩）.A.unlessB.whenC.ifD.because ACA
