1、Attributive ClauseUnit 4 定 从 的 概 念 Definition什么是定语？什么是定语？a beautiful girla handsome boybeautifulhandsome This is a basket full of flowers.full of flowers 定语定语:修饰修饰名词或代词名词或代词的成分，用来说明名词或代词的品质与的成分，用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征。特征。1.1.定语主要有定语主要有形容词形容词，此外还有，此外还有介词短语介词短语和和非谓语非谓语。2.2.常译为常译为“的的”3.3.在所修饰词之前的定语叫在所修饰词之前的定语叫
2、前置定语前置定语，在所修饰词之后的定语叫，在所修饰词之后的定语叫后置定语后置定语。They lived in the room above.above 前置定语 后置定语 Definition什么是定语什么是定语从句从句？句子一：He is a Chinese teacher.句子二：He likes playing football.用And 连成一句话：He is a Chinese teacher and he likes playing football.转换成复合句：He is a Chinese teacher who likes playing football.Definiti
3、on什么是定语从句？什么是定语从句？He is a teacher who likes playing football.定语从句定语从句:在复合句中，修饰某一在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词名词或代词的从句，其作的从句，其作用相当于用相当于形容词形容词。(即：充当定语的从句即：充当定语的从句)先行词：先行词：被定语从句修饰的被定语从句修饰的名词或代词名词或代词。关系词：关系词：引导引导定语从句的词。（引导词）定语从句的词。（引导词）定语从句定语从句likes playing football 关系词关系词teacher先行词先行词 Definition什么是定语从句？什么是定语从句？There
4、 were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.关系词关系词先行词先行词 The gold medal which she won has been given to her old school.关系词关系词先行词先行词buildingshad been destroyed by the earthquake定语从句定语从句gold medal she won 定语从句定语从句定 从 的 关 系 词 定语从句的关系词定语从句的关系词定定语语从从句句的的关关系系词词关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词指人指人指物指物who(主语
5、主语,宾语宾语)whom(宾语宾语)whose(定语定语)that(主语主语,宾语宾语)which(主语主语,宾语宾语)whose(定语定语)that(主语主语,宾语宾语)where(where(地点状语地点状语)when(when(时间状语时间状语)why(why(原因状语原因状语)第四单元第五单元定语从句的关系词 定语从句的关系词定语从句的关系词定定语语从从句句的的关关系系词词关关系系代代词词指人指人指物指物who(主语主语,宾语宾语)whom(宾语宾语)whose(定语定语)that(主语主语,宾语宾语)which(主语主语,宾语宾语)whose(定语定语)that(主语主语,宾语宾语)
6、定语从句的关系词定语从句的关系词二、关系代词的用法1.关系代词who The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100.He is the athlete who I met yesterday.总结：关系代词who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。指人：作主语指人：作主语指人：作宾语指人：作宾语定语从句的关系词2.关系代词whom The boy(whom)the teacher often praises is their monitor.The girl(whom)the soldier rescued ye
7、sterday is Johns sister.The man with whom you talked just now is my captain.总结：(1)关系代词whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，也可用who/that来代替。(2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。宾语（人）宾语（人）宾语宾语宾语宾语定语从句的关系词3.关系代词whichThere were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.The gold medal(which)she won has been giv
8、en to her old school.指物：作主语指物：作主语指物：作宾语指物：作宾语总结：关系代词which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。定语从句的关系词4.关系代词that Yesterday I read an article that/which was about natural disasters.Do you know the girl that/who is talking with our teacher?The woman(that/who/whom)I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold m
9、edal.The report(that/which)Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race.指物：作主语指物：作主语指人：作主语指人：作主语指人：作宾语指人：作宾语指物：作宾语指物：作宾语定语从句的关系词总结：that既可以指人，相当于who或whom；也可以指物，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。4.关系代词that定语从句的关系词5.关系代词whose This is the boy whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.The classroom w
10、hose door is broken can hold 40 students.指人：作定语指人：作定语指物：作定语指物：作定语总结：关系代词whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。特 别 提 醒提别提醒1.宜用that不宜用which的情况：(1)(1)当当先行词先行词是是allall，littlelittle，fewfew，muchmuch，somethingsomething，anythinganything，everythingeverything，nothingnothing，somesome等等不定代词不定代词或者被或者被allall，muchmuch，littleli
11、ttle，nono等词修饰时。等词修饰时。All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做完了。1.宜用that不宜用which的情况：(2)当先行词被 the only，the very 等修饰时。Music is the only thing that interests me.(3)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。This is the most shocking news that I have ever heard.提别提醒1.宜用that不宜用which的情况：(4)当先行词中既有人，又有物时。She descr
12、ibed in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。提别提醒2.宜用which不宜用that的情况：(1)关系代词前有介词时。The house in which I used to live became ruins in the big fire.(2)在非限制性定语从句中。The traveller saw many buildings along the way，which were quite different from those in his h
13、ometown.提别提醒3.宜用who不宜用that的情况(1)当先行词是I，you，he，they等人称代词或指人的不定代词，如one，ones，anyone时。Anyone who does that must be mad.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。(2)当先行词为指人的those时。Those who have good manners will be highly respected.那些有礼貌的人会备受尊重。提别提醒定 从 的 谓 语 动 词4.定语从句的谓语动词的形式 The suit
14、case which lies on the ground is hers.提别提醒lies总结：总结：(1)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致和先行词的数保持一致。4.定语从句的谓语动词的形式 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯狄更斯所写的书的其中一本。提别提醒总结：总结：(2)“(2)“one ofone of复数名词复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用作先行词，谓语动词用复数复数形式；形式；were4.
15、定语从句的谓语动词的形式 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我们班男生中唯一一个学过法语的。提别提醒总结：总结：（3 3）“the only one ofthe only one of复数名词复数名词”作先行词，谓语作先行词，谓语动词用动词用单数单数形式。形式。hasdrills1)Here are some of the people _ homes were destroyed by the typhoon2)The terrible shaking of the building wo
16、ke up all the people _were asleep.3)The next day,people put up shelters in the open air using anything _ they could find.4)Several days later,most of the buildings _had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired.5）The injured boy _ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.that/whic
17、hthatwho/thatwhosewhoseP 52drills6.The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by _she was rescued.7.Is this the young boy _ saved several other students trapped under buildings?8.She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent working as a secretary in our company.9.On Sundays there we
18、re a lot of children playing in the park,_ parents were seated together joking.who/thatwhomthatwhosedrills1.The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman.2.The woman s family survived the earthquake.(whose)The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake.Use an Attributive
19、Clause to combine each pair of sentences.drills1.The people lost everything in the quake.2.We need to help them prepare for the coming winter.(who)We need to help the people who have lost everything in the quake prepare for the coming winter.Use an Attributive Clause to combine each pair of sentences.ThankThankYou!You!
