1、Unit 5Languages Around the WorldLanguages Around the World 母语母语Mother tongue 方言方言Dialect 外语外语Foreign language 说母语者说母语者Native speakers互动Interact with others传播Spread ideas学习acquire new knowledge/culture解决Settle global issues促成Make for a shared future for mankind联系Connect the past and the presentOne of
2、 the main factors that contribute to ancient civilization is the Chinese writing system.FunctionSeveral thousand yearsA picture-based language Several thousand yearsA picture-based language A well-developed language but with many dialects By the Shang DynastyThe Qin DynastySeveral thousand yearsA pi
3、cture-based language A well-developed language but with many dialects By the Shang DynastyThe Qin DynastyIt began develop in one directionSeveral thousand yearsA picture-based language A well-developed language but with many dialects By the Shang DynastyThe Qin DynastyIt began develop in one directi
4、onToday Means to connect with the past;part of Chinese culture.背核心短语背核心短语1.refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅指的是；描述；提到；查阅2.ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱浮沉；兴衰；荣辱3.date back(to.)追溯到追溯到4.point of view观点；看法观点；看法5.relate to 与与相关；涉及；谈到相关；涉及；谈到6.be known for因为因为而著名而著名7.at the beginning起初起初8.lead to导致导致9.play a role in在在中发挥作用中发挥
5、作用请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。背诵该短文。despite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，dateWhen 1.to English，we know English is widely used in global affairs.No matter what kind of English people are speaking，native speakers have no trouble understanding the
6、words like“gas”，“petrol”，“subway”，“apartment”，“pants”，“semester”and other words 2.the small differences in vocabulary.词汇串记语境语境填词填词referringdespiteBut students whose mother tongue is not English are struggling with billions of words.On the other hand，from foreigners point of view，Chinese is regarded
7、as a 3.language.Firstly，the major language which is called Pu Tong Hua in China is hard enough to learn，let alone 4.of dialects.Secondly，Chinese characters are abstract symbols for them.The writing system,5.back to the Shang Dynasty when people carved something with 6._ meanings on bones or shells，i
8、s like strange pictures.However，demandingvarietiesdatingspecificdespite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，datebased on the common 7.of these characters，some classic works are still read now and by this means we can know more about the ups and downs in ancient times.Besides，calligraphy
9、is also an art form closely 8.to Chinese culture.I beg all the people hold a positive attitude to both languages，which are of equal importance.To bridge the gap between cultures，by no means should we give up learning them well.appreciationrelated返 回despite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，var
10、iety，date refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅指的是；描述；提到；查阅 refer to.as.把把称作称作 reference books/material参考书参考书/参考资料参考资料vi.提到；参考；查阅提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫查询；叫求助于求助于1referreference n.提及，涉及；参考；参考书目提及，涉及；参考；参考书目Referred/referring“过去式或ing形式中单词最后一个字母是否双写”怎么判断？1.单词最后一个音节是否重读？是否重读？判断：判断：discover，bleed,get2.最后一个音节是否符合是否符合“1个辅音个辅音+1个
11、元音个元音+1个辅音个辅音”（称闭音节）？（称闭音节）？判断：判断：write,follow,admit,prefer查阅参考书查阅参考书/笔记笔记/字典字典 refer to reference books/notes/dictionary(1)He (refer)to the system that was related to the welfare of billions of people at the conference.(2)They always refer to me a bookworm because I am always addicted to reading.(3
12、)我写信寻求您的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。我写信寻求您的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。(2021全国甲，书面表达全国甲，书面表达)I am writing to ask for your advice _ .“关于关于”：About;as to;regarding;concerning;over;onreferredasin/with reference to what kinds oftraditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most翻译基础达标巩固巩固落实落实提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇提示：题
13、干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇.一词多义练一词多义练/熟词生义练熟词生义练清除阅读障碍清除阅读障碍1.refer toA.指的是指的是B.提到提到C.查阅查阅(1)Why not refer to a dictionary to check the spelling of the word？_ (2)The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech._ (3)The word business also refers to an organization that offers goods and
14、 services._ C B A be based on/upon.以以为基础为基础 on a daily/regular basis 每天每天/定期定期A Washington-based enterprise/companyvt.以以为据点；以为据点；以为基础为基础 n.底部；根据底部；根据2base(1)_(基于基于)what you show，I firmly believe that you can be qualified for the position.有资格的有资格的On the basis of basic adj.基本的；基础的基本的；基础的 basis n.基础基础(
15、3)我写信告知你我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先，你应该先让长者用餐。让长者用餐。(应用文写作之告知信应用文写作之告知信)I am writing to inform you of ._ ，you should let the elderly eat first.adj.上了年纪的上了年纪的some basic table mannersBased ontraditional Chinese customs major in主修主修 a/the majority of大多数大多数（常修饰可数名词复数）（常修饰可数名词复数）in a
16、/the majority占大多数占大多数adj.主要的；重要的；大的主要的；重要的；大的 vi.主修，专门研究主修，专门研究 n.主修课程；主修课程；主修学生主修学生3major(1)Inspired by the beauty of Chinese characters，I will major _ calligraphy at university in the future.in(3)Those who have voted for me ，so I am elected as chairman of the Student Association.are in the/a major
17、itya means of一种一种的方法的方法 means 单复数同形单复数同形by means of借助借助手段；依靠手段；依靠方法方法by no means绝不，无论如何也不，一点都不绝不，无论如何也不，一点都不(置于句首时，句子要部置于句首时，句子要部分倒装分倒装)补充：补充：in no case,in no way,on no account,under no circumstancesn.方法；方式；途径方法；方式；途径4means(1)Watching films was regarded as means of entertainment when we were young.a
18、(4)没有没有Paul的好心帮忙，的好心帮忙，Mac绝不会赤手空拳把狼吓跑。绝不会赤手空拳把狼吓跑。Mac with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.(用倒装句改写用倒装句改写)could by no means scare the wolf off/awaycould Mac scare the wolf off/awayBy no means appreciate doing sth.喜欢喜欢/感激感激(某人某人)做某
19、事做某事I would appreciate it if.如果如果我将不胜感激。我将不胜感激。vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值增值(appreciation n.欣赏；感激欣赏；感激)5appreciate(1)如果您能尽早回复我，我将非常感激。如果您能尽早回复我，我将非常感激。(应用文写作之结尾句应用文写作之结尾句)at your earliest convenience.(appreciate ones doing)at your earliest convenience.(appreciate it if.)I would really appreciate
20、 your _(reply)to meI would really appreciate itreplyingif you could reply to me be without equal无与伦比无与伦比 be equal to sth./doing sth.(1)等于等于 (2)胜任胜任(做做)某事某事formal=be qualified for sth./doing sth.Im convinced that I am bound to _ the position in your company.n.同等的人；相等物同等的人；相等物 adj.相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的相等的；
21、平等的；相当的；能胜任的 v.与与相等，等于；比得上相等，等于；比得上6equalequally adv.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地be qualified for/be equal to demand to do/(doing)sth.demand that.从句中的谓语动词用从句中的谓语动词用“should动动词原形词原形”should可省略可省略n.需求；要求需求；要求 vt.强烈要求；需要强烈要求；需要 vi.查查问问7demanddemanding adj.要求高的要求高的 be in(great)demand meet/satisfy ones d
22、emand(s)要求要求需要需要(3)我我要求要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求需求，我叔叔，我叔叔要求要求我和父亲我和父亲顺着顺着这条道走这条道走，以防迷路。，以防迷路。I in the mountains._ ，my uncle demanded that _ in case we could get lost.demanded to take a horse ridedemandsTo meet/satisfy mymy father and I(should)keep tothe trackdate back(go back)追溯；上溯追溯；上溯(后接时间段后接时
23、间段)始于始于；追溯到；追溯到(后接时间点后接时间点)8date back(to.)(date from)我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前478年的孔庙。年的孔庙。(应用文写作之应用文写作之推荐信推荐信)(2)The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple 478 BC.(现在分词短语作定语现在分词短语作定语)用法点拨用法点拨date back(to)一般只用现在时态，一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态没有被动语态！补充：补充：tourist spots/sites
24、dating back to“be of抽象名词抽象名词”相当于相当于“be形容词形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的，这一结构可以说明主语的性质。常见的抽象名词有性质。常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等，这些名词可用等，这些名词可用great，little，some，any，no，not，much等修饰，用以说明程度。等修饰，用以说明程度。【应用文高级表达应用文高级表达-优点、好处优点、好处】That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chines
25、e people and culture.这种书写体这种书写体系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。9be of+抽象名词抽象名词.(1)在我看来，保持在线学习和我们生活的平衡非常重要。在我看来，保持在线学习和我们生活的平衡非常重要。(2021全国乙，书面表达全国乙，书面表达)From my point of view，striking a balance between online learning and our life .Be beneficial=be of great benefitWorking out on a regular
26、 basis _to our health.（大有好处）大有好处）What he just said _in the negotiation.（毫无价值）（毫无价值）The child in the neighborhood _as my sister.（年纪相同）（年纪相同）is of great importance/significancewas of no valueis of great benefit is of the same age “no matter疑问词疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，只能引导让步状语从句，“无论无论”。【陈述语序！陈述语序！】Even today，no
27、matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字文字)进行交流。进行交流。10no matter where,who,what,etc.1.The discovery of the new drug is of (important)to people who suffer from heart trouble.2.
28、Human beings (regard)as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.3.The tsunami (refer)to in the report swept away about 2,000 people，shocking the rest of the country.4.The novel which was popular with readers was based an earthquake which struck Wenchuan in
29、 2008.核心知识强化练核心知识强化练巩固语言知识巩固语言知识importanceare regardedreferredon5.The tower (date)back to the Ming Dynasty was seriously destroyed in the flood.6.There is no denying that human beings have suffered a lot on account of (variety)of disasters.7.Fortunately，they survived the fire means of breathing thro
30、ugh a wet towel.8.All the students demand (supply)themselves with more novels.datingvarietiesbyto supply9.All in all，I would appreciate if you could supply us with timely and generous help.10.It is widely acknowledged that wisdom and efforts are (equal)important for success.=Its recognized that 人们（广
31、泛）认为人们（广泛）认为.返 回itequally建议信建议信参观故宫参观故宫(the Forbidden City)1.得知你要参观可追溯到明朝的故宫，我写信给你一些建议。得知你要参观可追溯到明朝的故宫，我写信给你一些建议。(date back to)_Learning that you will visit the Forbidden City dating back to/that dates back to/which dates back to the Ming Dynasty，I am writing to offer you some tips.单句写作单句写作应用文增分练应用文
32、增分练2.基于你匮乏关于故宫的知识，你最好提前查阅相关资料。基于你匮乏关于故宫的知识，你最好提前查阅相关资料。(based on；refer to)_3.另外，我强烈要求你雇用一位导游，这是详细了解故宫的好方式。另外，我强烈要求你雇用一位导游，这是详细了解故宫的好方式。(demand that；a means of)_Based on your lack of knowledge about it，you d better refer to some relevant materials in advance.Besides，I demand that you(should)hire a to
33、urist guide，which is a good means of knowing more about it in detail.4.同样重要的是，你应该穿运动鞋，这样你就不会太疲倦了。同样重要的是，你应该穿运动鞋，这样你就不会太疲倦了。(equally important)_5.总之，听从以上建议，你就能尽情地欣赏故宫之美。总之，听从以上建议，你就能尽情地欣赏故宫之美。(appreciate)_Equally important is that you should wear sneakers so that you wont get exhausted.All in all，fol
34、low the above suggestions and you can appreciate the beauty of the Forbidden City to the fullest.经典句式需悟通经典句式需悟通 1.There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.(why引导的定语从句引导的定语从句)这之所以成为可能这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素就是中国书写体系。有很多原因，其中一个主要因素
35、就是中国书写体系。2.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.(where引导的定语从句引导的定语从句)秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。着一个方向发展。词汇句型3.That writing system was of great importanc
36、e in uniting the Chinese people and culture.(be of抽象名词抽象名词)这种书写体系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。这种书写体系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。4.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.(no matter where引导的引导的状语从句状语从句)即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书即使在今天，不
37、论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写写(文字文字)进行交流。进行交流。5.Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.(“介词介词which”引导的定引导的定语从句语从句)汉字也成为汉字也成为连接连接中国现在与过去的中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介一个重要媒介。6.As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.(as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句)随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多越来越多的国际学生的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化欣赏中国的文化和历史。和历史。
