1、Unit 5Languages around the WorldGrammar Restrictive relative clauses Restrictive relative clauses(where,when,why,prep.+which/whom)先行词关系词定语从句定语从句三要素：定语从句三要素：先行词，关系词，定语从句先行词，关系词，定语从句There are a few students who keep coming to class late.马马车马车夫.先行词、关系词、定语从句三者的关系：先行词、关系词、定语从句三者的关系：马先行词马车夫关系词马车定语从句 指时间指时
2、间(作时间状语作时间状语)指地点指地点(作地点状语作地点状语)指原因或理由指原因或理由(作原因状语作原因状语)指物指物指人指人Have aTheres a place downtown,where the freaks all come around.its a hole in the wall.先行词表地点先行词表地点关系副词，做状语，关系副词，做状语，相当于相当于in whichReview the relative words.persontimethingplacereasonwhothat whichwhomwhosewhenwherewhyrelative adverbials关系
3、副词关系副词relative pronouns关系关系代代词词thatwhose We have learned attributive clauses introduced by relative pronouns in the last unit.Now lets learn attributive clauses introduced by relative adverbs.goReady?Have a The relative adverbials.timeplacereasonwhenwherewhy=关系代词关系代词which介词介词relative adverbials关系副词关
4、系副词Where=at/on/inwhichWhy=for whichWhen=during/on/inwhichwhen引导的定语从句修饰表示时间引导的定语从句修饰表示时间(如如time,day,year,occasion,moment.)的先行词的先行词,在定语从句中作时间状语在定语从句中作时间状语,相当于相当于“介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which)”。Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.表示时间的先行词表示时间的先行词在定语从句作时间状语在定语从句作时间状语=on which(=on the day)定语从句的关系副词定语从
5、句的关系副词Ill never forget the day _ I first went to school.when/on whichThere was a time _ he danced to the Little Apple everyday.when/during which。Exercise There are many reasons why people like traveling.表示原因的先行词表示原因的先行词在定语从句作原因状语在定语从句作原因状语关系副词关系副词why引导的定语从句表示引导的定语从句表示原因原因(先行词一般是先行词一般是reason),在定语从句中作
6、在定语从句中作原因状语原因状语，相当于，相当于“for which”。=for which(=for the reasons)我不知道她为什么如此迷恋鹿晗。我不知道她为什么如此迷恋鹿晗。Exercise I will never forget the day on which I first arrived.I shall never forget the days when we worked on the farm.I shall never forget the during which we worked on the farm.I will never forget the day
7、when I first arrived.where引导的定语从句修饰表示引导的定语从句修饰表示地点地点(如如place,room,house,area,point,situation,case)的先行词的先行词，在定语从句中作，在定语从句中作地点状地点状语语，相当于，相当于“介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which)”。This is the house where I lived two years ago.表示地点的先行词表示地点的先行词在定语从句作地点状语在定语从句作地点状语=in which(=in the house)That is the place _ they met for
8、the first time.where/in which China is the only country_ wild pandas can be found.where/from whichExercise This is a beautiful city in which we live.This is the playground where we do exercises everyday.This is the playground on which we do exercises everyday.This is a beautiful city where we live.w
9、here引导的限定性从句还可以修饰表示引导的限定性从句还可以修饰表示抽象空间抽象空间概念的概念的名词，如名词，如case(情况情况)，point(地步地步)，situation(情形情形)，position(位置位置)，stage(阶段阶段)What are some situations where body language is the only form of communication?在哪些情形下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？在哪些情形下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？This is our school _ we study and make friends.Change two simp
10、le sentences into an attributive clause.We study and make friends in this school.whereThis is our school.The most unforgettable school activity is the art festival.We had great fun in art festival.The most unforgettable school activity is the art festival _.when we had great fun Look at these senten
11、ces and underline the restrictive relative clauses?What kind of information does each clause communicate?11.As it was a time when people were divided geographically.2.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one d
12、irection.3.There are many reasons why this has been possible.4.These are animals bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.1.As it was a time when people were divided geographically.2.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the C
13、hinese writing system began to develop in one direction.先行词为先行词为time，when在从句中做时间状语在从句中做时间状语先行词为先行词为country，where在从句中做地点状语在从句中做地点状语3.There are many reasons why this has been possible.4.These are animals bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.先行词为先行词为reason，why在从句中做原在从
14、句中做原因状语因状语先行词为先行词为animal bones and shells，on which 表示在从句中表示地点状语表示在从句中表示地点状语用用when,where,why完成句子完成句子.1.Do you know the reason _ the teacher was angry?2.The hotel _ we stayed provided really good service.3.The third hour of class in the afternoon is the time _ we have sports.4.I dont think the shop _
15、I lost my wallet.5.The hospital _ my father works is not far from here.6.The reason _ I didnt write to you was that I had forgot your address.7.Ill never forget the days _ I worked in the countryside.8.We will start at the point _ we left off.whywherewhenwherewherewhywhenwhere1.Thisisthehotel_lastmo
16、nth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.where theystayed2.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked3.Theengineer_myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom4.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake
17、,_ HangZhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what【2019江苏】We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A.which B.whatC.when D.that【2019天津】Their child is at the stage _ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A.why B.whereC.which D.what很多情况下关系副词用很
18、多情况下关系副词用“介词介词which”来代替时来代替时,其其介词由介词由先行词先行词或或定语从句中谓语动词定语从句中谓语动词的形式来决定。的形式来决定。I shall never forget those years when I lived with her.=I shall never forget those years_I lived with her.This is the house where I lived two years ago.=This is the house _ I lived two years ago.A:The radio says that it wil
19、l rain tomorrow.B:This is the reason why we put off the match.=This is the reason _we put off the match.during whichin whichfor which指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中：指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中：作作状语状语时，用时，用关系副词关系副词when/where/why引导；引导；作主语或宾语作主语或宾语时，用时，用关系代词关系代词which或或that引导。引导。关系副词关系副词与关系代词的区分与关系代词的区分 This is the reason
20、_ I didnt come.The reason _ she gave was not true.why/for whichwhich/thata.This is the place _ he works.This is the place _we visited last year.b.That was the time _ he arrived.Do you still remember the time _ we spent together?c.This is the reason _ he went.The reason _ he gave us was quite reasona
21、ble.where which/that whenthat/which why/for which that/which Exercise 2 Fill in the table to complete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause.Then use the phrases to make complete sentences.the day when the earthquake happened I was on holiday the day when the earthquake happened.the place wh
22、eremy friend lives She works near the place where my friend lives.the reason whyI didnt get a pay-rise I dont know the reason why I didnt get a pay-rise.the place/time in/at which I found Grandmas glasses This is the cupboard in which I found Grandmas glasses.P 64where/in whichwhen/on whichthat/whic
23、h/不填不填why/for whichwhere/in which Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns.Add a preposition where necessary.3P 641struggle n&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗斗争；奋斗；搏斗After a long struggle，the old woman gained control of her business.struggle to do sth.努力去做某事struggle with/against.同做斗争struggle fo
24、r sth.为某事而努力struggle on挣扎着坚持下去struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来1.The person _ you should write to is Mr.Ball.2.He is the boy _ family was poor.3.He is the man _ you can turn for help.4.The games _ he competed were swimming and shooting.who/that/whom/不填不填whose in which.Fill in the blanks.to whom5.The farm
25、_ we worked ten years ago isnt what it used to be.6.A biologist is a man _ has a great knowledge of biology.7.Did you believe his reason _ he didnt show up at the party?on which/wherewho/thatwhy/for which1.Theyll never forget July 1.Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1.Theyll never forget
26、July 1 when/on which Hong Kong returned to its motherland.2.The days are gone forever.We used foreign oil during those days.The days when/during which we used foreign oil are gone forever.Combine the two sentences into one sentence.3.This is the factory.I worked in the factory ten years ago.This is
27、the factory where/in which I worked ten years ago.4.There was a time.The businessman lost heart at that time.There was a time when/during which the businessman lost heart.5.The school is near a park.My son studies in this school.The school where/in which my son studies is near a park.6.Harvard is a
28、world-famous university.There Wang An got his Doctors degree.Harvard is a world-famous university where/from which Wang An got his Doctors degree.Translation.1 我永远都不会忘记我被重点大学录取的那一天。我永远都不会忘记我被重点大学录取的那一天。2 Mr Smith 回到了他从小居住的故乡。回到了他从小居住的故乡。3 曾经有些时候我一直怀疑我为什么要学习。曾经有些时候我一直怀疑我为什么要学习。4 你能告诉我你为什么来这里工作的原因吗？你能
29、告诉我你为什么来这里工作的原因吗？I will never forget the day when/on which I was admitted by the top university.Mr Smith returned to the hometown where/in which he grew up.There were times when/at which I wonder why I have to study.Can you tell me the reason why/for which you want to work here?4 Work in pairs.Ask a
30、nd answer the questions.A:What kind of day makes you happy?A:Whats your favourite place at school?A:What kind of teachers do you like best?A:Who do you admire most?Why?B:Its a day when B:Its,because it is a place where B:I like teachers who B:I admire Thats the reason why Finish the Exercises of the Grammar part in Exercise Book
