1、同学们，你们要相信梦想是价值的源泉，相信成同学们，你们要相信梦想是价值的源泉，相信成功的信念比成功本身更重要，相信人生功的信念比成功本身更重要，相信人生有挫折没有失败，相信生命的质量来自有挫折没有失败，相信生命的质量来自决不妥协的信念，考试加油决不妥协的信念，考试加油!奥利给奥利给Unit 4I used to be afraid of the dark.第六课时第六课时Section B(3aSection B(3a3b)3b)单元同步作文指导单元同步作文指导话题介绍本单元以过去和现在的变化”为话题,围绕这一话题运用used to结构谈论过去,并対照现在描述人们的外貌、性格及日常生活等方面的
2、变化,而最能全面表达本单元话题及语言运用能力的话题作文就是谈论变化”,这也是单元测试和中考等试题中常考的话题作文之一。典例在线假如你是Jane,上周末你去拜访了一位老朋友Bill,你发现他变化很大。请你根据下表所给的提示,写一篇不少于80词的英语短文,介绍一下Bill过去和现在的情况。过去现在性格胆怯，见到陌生人容易紧张勇敢，活泼开朗，喜欢交朋友饮食垃圾食品蔬菜水果爱好看电视，读书唱歌，跳舞审题指导本篇习作主要将Bill过去和现在的性格、饮食及爱好进行対比。写作提纲如下:引出人物I went to visit Bill,one of my old friends,last weekend.前后
3、対比He used to be shy.He liked to eat junk food in the past.He used to watch TVNow he is so brave and outgoing that he isnt afraid of speaking in public.He enjoys making friends表达观点We should learn from Bill and change ourselves for the better.经典范文I went to visit Bill,one of my old friends,last weekend
4、.To my surprise,he has changed a lot.He used to be shy.He got nervous easily and his face often turned red when he talked with strangers.He liked to eat junk food in the past.He used to watch TV and read alone in his free time.Now,he is so brave and outgoing that he isnt afraid of speaking in public
5、.He enjoys making friends.He loves to eat vegetables and fruit.Whats more,he enjoys singing and dancing.I think we should learn from Bill and change ourselves for the better.句子积累I used to be afraid of the dark.Its been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.Its interesting to se
6、e how people have changed.She used to be so shy and quiet.Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.Hanging out with friends is almost impossible for me now because there are always guards around me.It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulti
7、es in school.He studied hard and got good scores on his exams.Im still afraid of giving a speech in public.Li Wen was shy and was not able to make friends quickly in school.实战演练假如你是张健,在这几年中,你的生活的各个方面都发生了一些变化。请根据下面表格里的内容提示写一篇短文,谈谈你过去与现在的生活发生的这些变化。1短文词数100左右,短文的开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.使用本单元所学的used to句型完成作文。过去现
8、在外表矮；瘦高；强壮性格安静，害羞外向，活跃生活习惯每天锻炼半小时每天锻炼一小时业余爱好在家看小说下棋；踢足球Im Zhang Jian._I have changed a lot in the last few years.I used to be short and I have changed a lot in the last few years.I used to be short and thin,but now Im tall and strong.I used to be quiet and shy,but thin,but now Im tall and strong.I u
9、sed to be quiet and shy,but Im outgoing and active now.I enjoy this change because I have made Im outgoing and active now.I enjoy this change because I have made lots of friends.I used to do exercise for half an hour a day.But I lots of friends.I used to do exercise for half an hour a day.But I foun
10、d it was not enough.So I enjoy an hours exercise every day found it was not enough.So I enjoy an hours exercise every day now.My hobbies have also changed.I have fun playing chess and now.My hobbies have also changed.I have fun playing chess and football now.However,I used to like reading novels at
11、home.Now I football now.However,I used to like reading novels at home.Now I think it is a little boring to do it.I like my life now very much.think it is a little boring to do it.I like my life now very much.练 闯 考练 闯 考同学们，你们要相信梦想是价值的源泉，相信成同学们，你们要相信梦想是价值的源泉，相信成功的信念比成功本身更重要，相信人生有功的信念比成功本身更重要，相信人生有挫折没有
12、失败，相信生命的质量来自决不挫折没有失败，相信生命的质量来自决不妥协的信念，考试加油妥协的信念，考试加油!奥利给奥利给Translate the phrases.the secret to language learningmost of the timebe afraid to do sth.hide behindfall in love withbody languageexpressions on ones face 语言学习的秘诀语言学习的秘诀 大部分时间大部分时间,时常时常 害怕害怕/不敢做某事不敢做某事 藏在藏在背后背后 爱上爱上 肢体语言肢体语言;身体语言身体语言 某人的脸部表情
13、某人的脸部表情as wellIts a piece of cake.It serves you right.at firstlook up也也;又又毫不费力毫不费力;小菜一碟小菜一碟你活该。你活该。最初最初;首先首先查阅查阅;抬头看抬头看Read these sentences paying attention to the underlined parts.I study by working with a group.Do you learn English by watching videos?Try to guess a words meaning by reading the sen
14、tences before and after it.You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day.Grammar FocusHow do you learn English?I learn by studying with a group.Do you learn English by reading aloud?Yes,I do.It helps my pronunciation.How can I read faster?You can read faster by reading word groups.H
15、ow can I improve my pronunciation?One way is by listening to tapes.介词介词by+动名词动名词”常常表示手段、方式或方式常常表示手段、方式或方式,可以用可以用来回答来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。引导的特殊疑问句。-How do you learn English?-I learn English by watching English movies.How do you practice speaking English?By having conversations with friends.How do you learn
16、new words?By making word cards.How do you improve your writing?By writing e-mails to my pen pals.How do you practice listening?By listening to a tape and repeating out aloud.How do you improve your pronunciation?By watching English programs.How do you learn grammar?By taking notes,doing exercises an
17、d reading a lot.How do you improve your writing?By writing diaries in English.How often do you write a diary?How do you improve your listening?By listening to radio programmes in English.How often do you listen to radio programmes in English?How do you keep healthy?By exercising.How often do you exe
18、rcise?4a4a Match the questions and answers.1.How do you practice speaking?2.How do you learn new words?3.How do you improve your writing?4.How do you practice listening?5.How do you improve your pronunciation?6.How do you learn grammar?1.By watching English programs.2.By listening to a tape and repe
19、ating out loud.3.By having conversations with friends.4.By taking notes,doing exercises and reading a lot.5.By making word cards.6.By writing e-mails to my pen pals.4b Make sentences using the 4b Make sentences using the structure structure do sth.by doing”with do sth.by doing”with the subjects in t
20、he box and the subjects in the box and information that is true for you.information that is true for you.math physics chemistry Chinese history geographyI usually practice my English by taking notes/reading books and newspapers/speaking English with my classmates/memorizing sentence patterns.I like
21、to learn math by solving new math problems every day.I like to practice my physics by doing extra exercises.I like to improve my chemistry by memorizing chemical terms and doing experiments.I like to practice my Chinese by keeping a diary in Chinese.I like to improve my history and geography by watc
22、hing historical and geographical programs.4c4c Check what you do to learn English.Then interview your partner.Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?Yes,I do.How often do you do them?I learn English byMy partner learnsEnglish by yesnohow oftenyesno how oftenD o i n g g r a m m a r exercises
23、taking notes in Englishreading English books/magazineskeeping a diary in Englishu s i n g a n E n g l i s h dictionaryA:Do you learn English by?B:Yes,I do.A:How often do you do them?B:taking notes in Englishreading English books/magazinesA:Do you learn English by?B:Yes,I do.A:How often do you do the
24、m?B:taking notes in Englishusing an English dictionary Lin Lin often practices English _ chatting with her American friends.A.in B.by C.for D.with【解析【解析选选B。句意。句意:林林经常通过和美国朋友聊天练习英语。林林经常通过和美国朋友聊天练习英语。我通过向老师求助学习。我通过向老师求助学习。I study by asking the teacher for help.We learn English by _(make)vocabulary lis
25、ts making1.我们通过利用太阳的光和热使植物长地好。我们通过利用太阳的光和热使植物长地好。2.2.现在人们利用现在人们利用 来进行交流。来进行交流。Translate the sentences into English.We can make plants grow well by using the light and heat from the sun.Now people communicate with each other by using cell phones.3.Lily通过少吃减肥吗通过少吃减肥吗？不？不,不是的。不是的。4.中国人通过植树来使环境越来越美丽。中国人
26、通过植树来使环境越来越美丽。Does Lucy lose weight by eating less?No,she doesnt.Chinese people make the environment more and more beautiful by planting trees.by 的用法的用法 by是介词是介词,表示通过表示通过方式或途径方式或途径”的意思的意思,译成靠译成靠,通过通过”,后面可加名词、名词短语或动名词。可用来回答后面可加名词、名词短语或动名词。可用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。引导的特殊疑问句。1)The house was destroyed by fire.房屋
27、被火烧毁了。房屋被火烧毁了。2)travel by air/land/sea 航空陆路航空陆路,航海旅行航海旅行3)go by train/boat/bus 乘火车船乘火车船,公共汽车公共汽车4)shake sb.by the hand 和某人握手和某人握手5)I study English by watching English movies.我通过看英文电影学英语。我通过看英文电影学英语。另外另外,by作为介词的意义有很多。作为介词的意义有很多。例如例如:1在在旁边旁边,靠近靠近 There is a power station by the river.河边有一个电厂。河边有一个电厂。2
28、沿着沿着,经由经由 to enter by the door 由门进去由门进去 3由于由于 by mistake 由于差错由于差错;错误地错误地 4被被,由由 some articles written by Lu Xun 一些由鲁迅写的文章一些由鲁迅写的文章 5表示相乘除以计算面积表示相乘除以计算面积 a room 5m by 4m 一个长五米宽四米的房间一个长五米宽四米的房间 6逐一逐一;连续连续 one by one 一个接一个一个接一个 英汉互译英汉互译I study English by listening to tapes.(通过听录音带通过听录音带)by studying wit
29、h a group.()by watching English programs on TV.()by taking part in English classes after school.()通过小组学习通过小组学习 通过看英文电视节目通过看英文电视节目通过放学后上英语班通过放学后上英语班I study English _(通过读英文杂志通过读英文杂志)._(通过读教科书通过读教科书)._(通过认真做家庭作业通过认真做家庭作业).by reading English magazines by reading the textbookby doing homework carefully用用
30、by的相关短语完成句子的相关短语完成句子1.I think the best way to learn English is _(通过大声朗读通过大声朗读).2.He usually goes to work _(乘地铁乘地铁).3.First walk _(经过银行旁边经过银行旁边),and then turn left.by reading aloudby the bankby subway4.Can we sit _(在窗子旁边在窗子旁边)?5.You must be back home _(到十点为止到十点为止).6.There are lots of trees _(沿河沿河).7.You must do your homework _ 你自己你自己).8.English is widely used _(被人们被人们)all over the world.by the windowby ten oclockby the riverby yourselfby people同学们，你们要相信梦想是价值的源泉，相信成同学们，你们要相信梦想是价值的源泉，相信成功的信念比成功本身更重要，相信人生有挫折没功的信念比成功本身更重要，相信人生有挫折没有失败，相信生命的质量来自决不妥协的信念，有失败，相信生命的质量来自决不妥协的信念，考试加油考试加油!奥利给奥利给结束语结束语
