1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 2 Healthy eating . 阅读理解 A The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature. David Tilman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined informati
2、on from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized (工业化 ), population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet. The Western diet is
3、high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker. David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk of noninfectious diseases like diabetes (糖尿病 ) and heart disease. Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet,
4、they are going to have these health problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20year period. And that is happening all
5、across the world, in Mexico, in Nigeria and so on. And, a diet bad for human beings is also bad for the environment. As the worlds population grows, more forests and tropical (热带的 ) areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the futur
6、e from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now. Mr Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health, “a trilemma” a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。自然杂志上一篇新的
7、 报告表示，西方饮食对人的健康和环境有不良影响，人们应警惕西方饮食带来的危害。 1 According to the passage, more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from_. A transportation B developing countries C agriculture D developed countries 答案： C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，未来更多的温室气体排放可能【 精品教育资源文库 】 来自于农业， 故选择 C 项。 2 We can infer from the pa
8、ssage that_. A Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases B overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases C the examined information comes from developing countries D industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet 答案： D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可推知，工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的广泛传
9、播，故 D 项正确。 3 The main purpose of the passage is to_. A call on us to protect the environment B warn us of the danger of the Western diet C remind us of the importance of health D advise us to have a balanced diet 答案： B 推理判断题。结合全文，尤其是根据文章最后一段最后一句可知，西方饮食有害健康，不利于环境，故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。 B To get an
10、extra 14 years of life, dont smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount, according to a study published this Monday in the Public Library of Science Medicine. After tracking more than 20,000 people aged 45 to 79 in the United Kingdom from about
11、1993 to 2007, KayTee Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who adopted these four healthy habits lived an average of 14 years longer than those who didnt. “Weve known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but weve not seen the benefit before，
12、” said Susan Jebb, head of Nu trition and Health Research at the UK Medical Research Council. “The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from.” Study participants (参与者 ) scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eatin
13、g five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake. Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes. But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would
14、 be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviors would surely gain 14 years. “We cant say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things ， ” said Dr Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert from the World Health Organization. “The 14 years is an average
15、 across the population of whats theoretically (理论上 ) 【 精品教育资源文库 】 possible.” “Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking isnt good for them， ” Susan Jebb said. “We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。英国剑桥大学
16、的一项研究表明：不抽烟，多吃水果蔬菜，定期锻炼和适量饮酒，这些好习惯可能会让人的寿命延长 14 年。 4 Which of the following doesnt belong to the four healthy habits? A Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day. B Doing proper exercise in the morning every day. C Drinking alcohol in the proper amount every day. D Having a cigarette befor
17、e going to bed every day. 答案： D 细节理解题。第一段说要使寿命延长 14 年，就别抽烟，多吃水果蔬菜，定期锻炼，适量饮酒。故选 D。 5 We can learn from the passage that_. A Susan Jebb did not take part in the study B the study observed people as well as tested specific changes C theres no need for people under 45 to adopt these good habits D only t
18、hose from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviors 答案： A 推理判断题。参与研究的是剑桥大学的 KayTee Khaw 和他的同事们， Susan Jebb是营养健康研究部的负责人，并没有参与该项研究 (A 项正确 )；第五段说该研究只观察人，没有检测具体的变化 (B 项错误 )；第二段说该研究跟踪的是 45 到 79 岁的人群，但没有说这个年龄段之外的人不适用 (C 项错误 )；第三段说不管人们来自什么阶层，都能从这些好习惯中受益 (D 项错误 )。 6 What would be the best title f
19、or this passage? A Smoking and drinking cuts you 14 years B How to live a much healthier life C How to make your life longer than others D Healthy habits may give extra 14 years 答案： D 标题判断题。全文都在介绍英国的一项研究，说养成一些好习惯可能会使我们的寿命延长 14 年。通读全文可知， D 项最适合作本文标题。 .七选五 根据短文内容，从 短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Al
20、l of us know that a balanced diet strengthens the immune system. _1_. The following strategies will help you to jumpstart healthy eating habits. Morning musthaves Researchers at Harvard Medical School discovered that people who took daily breakfast were a third less likely to become obese (肥胖的 ) tha
21、n those who skipped 【 精品教育资源文库 】 this meal. To enjoy the most benefits, the researchers recommended eating wholegrain foods for breakfast as they are rich in fibre. _2_. Main meal wisdom If you need to consume meat, choose fish instead of red meat. Studies have linked high consumption of red meat w
22、ith cancers such as breast and colorectal cancer as well as heart disease mainly because red meat is very high in saturated (饱和的 ) fats. _3_. Food preparation _4_. As such, cooking methods such as steaming, baking, grilling, boiling or stirfrying are advised. _5_ Some people like to eat a large meal
23、 after a hard days work. However, large meals late at night can cause indigestion that influences sleep. So it is a very good idea to have a lowcalorie fibre drink just before leaving the office. It is also not a good idea to regularly have a latenight meal as this could overburden the digestive system. Remember, minor changes in our eating habits can lead to major changes in our health. A Light nights B
