1、【 精品教育资源文库】Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained (A 卷)(对应学生用书第 269 页).阅读理解A(2017 年陕西省部分学校 2018 届第一学期摸底检测)A new study has found the amount of antibiotics(抗生素) given to farm animals is expected to increase by twothirds over the next 15 years.Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the
2、 increasing need for meat，milk and eggs.However，the drugs could quicken the development of antibioticresistant infections(感染)Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States.The World Health Organization(WHO)notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困)，the first thing t
3、hey want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money.For most people，that means their diet should contain more meat.With the rapid development of Asia，people there are eating nearly four times as much meat，milk and other milk products as they did 50 years ago.To meet the need，farmers have put ma
4、ny animals into smaller spaces.As the animals are crowded together，the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of crowding is to give them antibiotics.Its clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in crowded environments and grow faster.But bacteria call develop resistance to the drugs
5、gradually.Nowadays，doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work.The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs.The heavy use of antibiotics in farm animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide.Each year in the United States，at
6、 least two million people get antibioticresistant infections and at least 23，000 die from these infections.Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth.And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose.【语篇解读】 本文主要围绕在农场动物身上使用抗生素的负面影响展
7、开。【 精品教育资源文库】【长难句分析】 The World Health Organization(WHO) notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困)，the first thing they want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money.分析：本句为复合句。notes 后接省略了连接词 that 的宾语从句；该宾语从句中含有 when引导的时间状语从句 when people stop living in poverty；they want to do 为省略了关系词 that 的定
8、语从句，修饰 the first thing；rather than 连接的并列结构在宾语从句中作表语。译文：世界卫生组织指出，当人们摆脱贫穷之后，他们想做的第一件事情就是吃得好点，而不是挣更多的钱。1What accounts for the increasing amount of antibiotics given to farm animals?AThe desire for new drugs.BThe less effective antibiotics.CThe outdated farm technology.DThe need for more various foods.D
9、 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat，milk and eggs”可知，研究人员认为用于农场动物身上的抗生素的数量增加与人们对各种不同的食物的需求增加有关，故选 D 项。2What do most people want to do first when they get rid of poverty according to the WHO?AMaking a lot of money.BFocusing more
10、on health.CHaving more meat in their diet.DLiving in a better environment.C 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The World Health Organization(WHO) notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困)，the first thing they want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money.For most people，that means their diet should contain mo
11、re meat”可知，C 项正确。3What can be inferred from the passage?AAntibiotics do harm to animals.BAntibiotics help animals stay healthy.【 精品教育资源文库】CAntibiotics are used heavily in Europe.DAntibioticresistant bacteria spread to people.D 考查推理判断。结合第四段中的“Each year in the United States，at least two million people
12、 get antibioticresistant infections and at least 23，000 die from these infections”可推知，抗生素耐药细菌传播到了人身上，故选 D。干扰项分析 由第三段中的“Its clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in crowded environments and grow faster”可知，A 项表述有误，可排除；由最后一段中的“Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growt
13、h”可知 C 项表述错误，可排除；B 项最具干扰性，因为 B 项本身是正确的，但是 B项是文中的明确信息，不需要推断得出，而题干所要求的选项需要经过推理判断得来，所以 B 项不符合题意。诸如 B 项这类本身正确，但不满足题干要求的选项是考生做题时需要特别留意的。4Whats the passage mainly about?AThe negative effect of antibiotics on farm animals.BThe advantages of using antibiotics.CThe reason for banning the use of antibiotics.D
14、A new way of raising farm animals.A 考查主旨大意。结合文章内容可以看出，本文主要说的是在农场动物身上使用抗生素的负面影响，故选 A 项。B【导学号：31670188】(2017 年河南洛阳高三第一次统考)All over the world mothers and fathers teach their children manners.Other children may have manners that are not like yours.There are all kinds of manners.Many years ago, children
15、who had good manners were seen and not heard.They kept quite quiet if grownups were talking.Today, wellmannered children have more freedom.Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places.Suppose you are a visitor in the land of Mongolia.Some friends ask you to eat with them.What
16、kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud “burp(打嗝)” after you finish eating.Burping would show that you like your food.In some countries，if you give a loud burp，you are told to say 【 精品教育资源文库】“Excuse me, please.” In many places people like to eat together.But in some pa
17、rts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all.People show good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat.What are manners like in an East African town? The people try not to see you.They are being polite.You may see a friend.He may not see you at all.If you are polite，you
18、 will sit down beside him.You will wait until he finishes what he is doing.Then he will talk to you.Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia.You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent.If you pass in front of the other tents, you will be asked into each one.The people will ask you
19、to eat with them.And it is bad manners if you say no.Manners are different all over the world.But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way.People need ways to show that they want to be friends.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了世界上一些地方的礼仪。5How did polite children behave?ABy looking into adults eyes whil
20、e talking.BBy keeping silent while adults were talking.CBy slipping into the house without being heard.DBy not opening their mouths until spoken to.B 考查细节理解。根据第二段的第二句“They kept quite quiet if grownups were talking.”可知，过去，在大人们说话时，儿童保持沉默是一种礼貌的行为。6Which custom should we follow in order to look wellmann
21、ered?ASaying “Excuse me” on burping in Mongolia.BInviting guests to dinner together in Polynesia.CTalking with a friend before he completes things in East Africa.DAccepting an eating invitation in Arabia.D 考查细节理解。根据第三段的最后两句“The people will ask you to eat with them.And it is bad manners if you say no
22、.”可知，接受阿拉伯人一起吃饭的邀请是礼貌的行为。干扰项分析 在 Mongolia 饭后打嗝是一种礼貌的行为，说明你喜欢对方提供的食物；根据第三段的“But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all.”可知，在 Polynesia，邀请客人一起吃饭是不礼貌的行为，故 B 项错误；【 精品教育资源文库】根据第三段的“You will wait until he finishes what he is doing.”可知，在东非，静静地坐在朋友身旁并等他忙完是礼貌的做法，故排除 C 项。7What can we infer from the text?AHear much, speak little.BLove me，love my dog.CWhen in Rome do as the Romans do.DDo what you ought to and come what can.C 考查推理判断。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的第一句“Manners are different all over the world.”可推知，礼仪因地域而各有不同，因此最好的做法是入乡随俗。.完形填空(2
