1、Strategies of Reading comprehension test -事实细节题Learning aims:Learning aims:1.To master the reading strategies in reading comprehension 1.To master the reading strategies in reading comprehension test;test;2.To learn about the basic directions of examination this 2.To learn about the basic directions
2、 of examination this year and important genres in reading comprehension test.year and important genres in reading comprehension test.My confusions/mistakes:My confusions/mistakes:VocabularyVocabulary SkillsSkillsLimited timeLimited time Good judgement Good judgement 考情分析考情分析1.1.设题类型基本与往年高考一致，设题类型基本与
3、往年高考一致，以细节理解类和推理判断类为以细节理解类和推理判断类为主。主。各个题型的分布已逐步成熟且趋于平稳各个题型的分布已逐步成熟且趋于平稳2.2.题材仍然体现了来题材仍然体现了来源于实际生活、紧贴时代、反映英美文化等源于实际生活、紧贴时代、反映英美文化等特点。所选文章多源于国外的英文图书、报刊、网络媒体。原汁特点。所选文章多源于国外的英文图书、报刊、网络媒体。原汁原味，地道纯正，具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点原味，地道纯正，具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点。从体裁看，文从体裁看，文章分别属于章分别属于记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文。3.3.语篇结构复杂化，句子长度、难度
4、有所增加。行文具有跳跃性，语篇结构复杂化，句子长度、难度有所增加。行文具有跳跃性，隐含信息较多。隐含信息较多。4.4.词汇运用要求高，词汇运用要求高，一词多义、熟词生义、词汇活用一词多义、熟词生义、词汇活用频繁出现，频繁出现，阅读速度要求提高阅读速度要求提高。细节理解类细节理解类常见的题干设问形式：常见的题干设问形式：1.疑问句式疑问句式以以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和和how)等开头的特殊疑等开头的特殊疑问句。问句。What did.plan to do after.?Which is the right order of the events given in
5、 the passage?How did it happen?Which.is closest to.?2.以是非题的形式以是非题的形式常含常含true(except)，not right/correct(except)等词语。等词语。Which of the following statements is(not)true/correct?All the statements are true except _.3.3.不完整的陈述句式不完整的陈述句式According to.，before.，Americans had little idea about _.To avoid attrac
6、ting mountain lions，people are advised _.By the first sentence of the passage，the author means that _.（1）Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study，people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yell
7、ow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when its time to repaint，go blue.6.A home environment in blue can help people _.A.digest food better B.reduce food intakeC.burn more calories D.regain their appetitesLearning tip1 寻找信息题寻找信息题题干定位法题干定位法 题干定位法是做事实细节题最基本也是
8、最常用的方法最基本也是最常用的方法。事实细节题主要考查对某句话或某几句话的理解理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案确定最佳答案。“题干定位法”分为三步：第一步：先通过题干信息来选择定位词。先通过题干信息来选择定位词。定位词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词，即问题的核心信息。定位词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词，即问题的核心信息。第二步：在原文中查找定位词或定位词的近义词，找出相关的句子。第三步：分析这些句子和选项，得出正确答案。（2）(2018江苏,D片段)Children as young as ten are becoming dep
9、endent on social media for their sense of self-worth,a major study warned.The Childrens Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield(雷区)they faced online.And she said social media companies must also“take more responsibility”.They should eith
10、er monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early,or they should adjust高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt Javed Khan,of childrens charity Barnardos,said:“Its vital that new compulsory age-appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England shoul
11、d help equip children to deal with the grow-ing demands of social media.”“Its also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.”高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt69.What should parents do to solve the problem?A.Communicate more with secondary schools.
12、B.Urge media companies to create safer apps.C.Keep track of childrens use of social media.D.Forbid their children from visiting the web.高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）pptLearning tip 2 语意转换题语意转换题断章取义法断章取义法 在高考试题中，细节理解题已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换语句的同义或反义转换来考查学生对英语语言的理解能力。解答这类题可用
13、“断章断章取义法取义法”，即带着问题，有针对性地扫读短文，迅速，即带着问题，有针对性地扫读短文，迅速锁定相关词句，然后寻找相关的同义或反义表述。锁定相关词句，然后寻找相关的同义或反义表述。高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt（3）Bar Graphs A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts.In Graph 1，we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned，and the y-axis
14、shows how many students earned each grade.You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1).47.What is the total number of students who earned a C or better?A
15、.4.B.6.C.10.D.20.高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）pptLearning tip 3 图文转换题图文转换题按按“文文”索索“图图”法法 图文转换题即根据短文描述找出相应图形，或根据图形图文转换题即根据短文描述找出相应图形，或根据图形选出相应文字答案。可采用选出相应文字答案。可采用“文字锁定法文字锁定法”，找出描绘图形，找出描绘图形的句段，的句段，按按“文文”索索“图图”，迅速锁定相关图形，迅速锁定相关图形。图表类阅读题常常只有少量的文字表述，要图表类阅读题常常只有少量的文字表述，要依据所提供依据所提供的图表或
16、描述进行理解的图表或描述进行理解。阅读时必须。阅读时必须弄清图表中各部分的对弄清图表中各部分的对应关系，同时针对所设问题进行有目的地识读应关系，同时针对所设问题进行有目的地识读。也可采用。也可采用“图形标示法图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便确定正确，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便确定正确答案。答案。高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt(4)If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darknes
17、s happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的)species on this planet.Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the suns light.This is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us dont think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it
18、s the only way to explain what weve done to the night：Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.()50According to the passage，human beings _.Aprefer to live in the darknessBare used to living in the day lightCwere curious about the midnight worldDhad to stay at home with the light of
19、the moonadapted toadapted to和和used to used to doingdoing同义，意为同义，意为“习惯于习惯于”高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）pptLearning tip 4 是非判断题是非判断题对号入座法、排除法对号入座法、排除法(1).对号入座法。对号入座法。带着细节性问题中所给出的关键词返回原文，找出相关的词或相对应的句子，仔细阅读，从中找出答案。但需要注意的是，这些问题的提问方式往往不是直接照搬文中这些问题的提问方式往往不是直接照搬文中的原话，而是使用的原话，而是使用同义词、近
20、义词等来复述同义词、近义词等来复述，所以考生一定，所以考生一定要认真审题。要认真审题。虽然这类细节题在文章中能够找到答案，但是正确选项与文章中的原句还是会有出入的，命题者通常用不同的词语或句型表达同一个意思。如用同义词替换、词类转换、肯定否定互换等，但万变不离其宗。高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt(5)Researchers used information from the Framingham Study,which began in 1948.The Framingham Study gathers inform
21、ation about physical and mental health,personal behavior and diet.At first,the study involved about 5,000 people in the American state of Massachusetts.Now,more than 12,000 individuals are taking part.Information from the Framingham Study showed earlier that happiness can spread from person to perso
22、n.So can behaviors like littering and the ability to stop smoking.University of Chicago psychologist John Cacioppo led the recent study()26.what is true about the Framingham Study?A.it was only conducted in 1948.B.it involves more than 12,000 participants.C.it was led by John Cacioppo.D.it showed th
23、at any behavior could spread.高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）pptLearning tip 4(2).(2).排除法。排除法。对于是非判断题中的“三错一对三错一对”或或“三对一三对一错错”类试题，考生通常可以用排除法解答。这就要求考生仔仔细阅读文章，排除未在文章中提及或转述错误的三个细节选细阅读文章，排除未在文章中提及或转述错误的三个细节选项，或排除文章中已知信息的三个选项项，或排除文章中已知信息的三个选项，剩下的选项便是正确答案。高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二
24、轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt（6）(2018江苏,A片段)The Metropolitan Museum of Art Admission$25.00 recommended for adults,$12.00 recommended for students,includes the Main Building and The Cloisters(回廊)on the same day;free for children under 12 with an adult.高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt56
25、.How much may they pay if an 11-year-old girl and her working parents visit the museum?A.$12.B.$37.C.$50.D.$62.高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）pptLearning tip 5 数字计算题数字计算题结果求证法结果求证法 数字事实细节题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，从数学的角度讲，计算量都比较小，容易计算。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。这
26、些背后所隐含的信息。这些“暗暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理信息会涉及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。关键。解决此类问题可将原文信息的表述以数字计算的形式表现出来，进行结果求证。高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt(7)(7)A schoolgirl saved her fathers life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic(过敏的)re
27、action which stopped his heart.Izzy，nine，restarted father Colms heart by stamping(踩)on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.Izzys mother，Debbie，immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father，so decided to use CPR.However，she quickly d
28、iscovered her arms werent strong enough，so she stamped on her fathers chest instead.Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions(按压)until the ambulance arrived.Izzy，who has been given a bravery award by her school，said，“I just kicked him really hard.My mum taught me CPR but I
29、 knew I wasnt strong enough to use hands.I was quite scared.The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse.My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”“Shes a little star，”said Debbie.“I was really upset but Izzy just took over.I just cant believe what she d
30、id.I really think all children should be taught first aid.Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up.Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and weve got to see an expert.”高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt40.Whats the right order of the events?Izzy kicked Colm.Deb
31、bie called 999.Izzy learned CPR.Colms heart stopped.A.B.C.D.高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）pptLearning tip 6细节排序题细节排序题首尾定位法首尾定位法 排序题会出现在各种文体中，记叙文记叙文中的排序题通常以以故事发生的时间为线索故事发生的时间为线索，也就是排列出什么时间发生了什么事情；说明文说明文中的排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索以说明的先后顺序为线索，也就是排列出先说明什么后说明什么；而议论文议论文中的排序题则要以逻辑顺序为线索，比如解决问题的方
32、法步骤等以逻辑顺序为线索，比如解决问题的方法步骤等。做此类排序题可采用“首尾定位法首尾定位法”，即先找出第一件事情和最后一件事情，这样可以迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确答案，或用代入淘汰法顺序逐一排除，从而得出正确答案。高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）pptSummarySummary事实细节题：事实细节题：提问的特殊疑问词常有：提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who,which,where,how,why等。等。解题技巧：解题技巧：Tip 1寻找信息题寻找信息题题干定位法题干定位法 Tip 2语意转换题语意转换题断章取义法
33、断章取义法 Tip 3图文转换题图文转换题按按“文文”索索“图图”法法 Tip 4是非判断题是非判断题对号入座法、排除法对号入座法、排除法 Tip 5数字计算题数字计算题结果求证法结果求证法 Tip 6细节排序题细节排序题首尾定位法首尾定位法 原则：原则：忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt实战演练实战演练-学案学案高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）pptComplete the Reading exercise on your workbookComplete the Reading exercise on your workbook高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt高考英语二轮专题复习优质课件阅读理解事实细节题）ppt
