1、阅读理解方法指导阅读理解方法指导 细节理解题细节理解题Ever since I was a child,food is _ to me.I opened my first restaurant at the age of twenty.Now Im better known for writing cook books.For me,_at home.Its my real inspiration,and I want to _ my love of it with you.Im going to show you five recipes a good cook would be _.Mea
2、ls you could make in your own kitchen.Lovely home-made dishes that would impress your family and friends._and youll be able to cook some exceptionally good food.meant the worldshareproud ofFollow my leadnothing beats cooking推理判断 猜测词义篇章结构主旨大意作者态度细节理解高考英语阅读理解题考查方式与比重2015年7 题2016年10 题2017年9 题2018年10题细节
3、理解题 测试学生对特定细节或重要事实的辨认能力类型划分1：直接辨认型:获取信息-记住信息-回忆并对号入座如：Which buttons directly control the movement of the Rocket Ball?细节理解题 类型划分1：间接辨认型:获取信息-加工转换-得出正确释义 同义（反义）转换、排序、图文转换、数字转换、细节理解题 类型划分2：集中型:就单个特定细节提问，答案位于单句 和上下文处如：As is mentioned in the card,the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that_细
4、节理解题 类型划分3：分散型:正确答案和干扰项对应的细节分散在文中多处如：1.Which of the following is Not Mentioned/True?2.We can learn from the passage that _.3.All the following statements may be true except_ .细节理解题 题型：1.文章细节题：what/who/when/where/how/why2.是非题：Which of the following is Not True?3.图表数据题(计算)4.排序题5.其他题：1 正误并存；半对半错“干扰项”面面
5、观3 无中生有；主观臆想4 文不对题；答非所问5 张冠李戴；偷换概念 2 以偏概全；过于夸大正误并存；半对半错 The robot Buddy can patrol the home when the residents are not home and contact a persons phone if it detects an intruder or fire.Many of the robots have cameras that act as eyes.For those concerned about someone hacking into a robot to peep in
6、to a home,there are safeguards to look for when purchasing one.“When the camera is activated,we will show it on the screen and specific lights so you know that someone is using your camera,”Hasselvander said about Buddy.What do we know about“Buddy”?A.2018 will witness Buddy go into different familie
7、s.B.Buddy is equipped with special eyes to protect itself.C.Buddy can safeguard the home and sound the fire alarm.D.Buddy has an advantage over conventional smart products.Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things.A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning.Food poiso
8、ning is usually not serious,but some types are deadly.The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.Which of the following statements is NOT True?A.Food when poisoned can make people sick.B.Food poisoning means death.C.
9、Food poisoning comes in varieties.D.Food poisoning can be serious.以偏概全；过于夸大 以偏概全；过于夸大 .The system wouldnt mean having to keep your lights on all the time either,Haas says-bulbs could be dimmed to such a point that they appear off,but still transmit.The system can easily network any device with an LE
10、D lightan electric kettle,an oven.LED streetlights could even be used to form a network of outdoor Li-Fi,making it possible to stay connected when walking around the city.But some sound a cautious note about VLCs future.It becomes less powerful,for example,when light is blocked,wheather due to fog o
11、r other conditions.We can learn from the passage that _A.Li-Fi can work with LED lights off.B.Li-Fi can be used with all household appliancesC.Li-Fi cant work outdoors.D.Li-Fi needs improving to meet diverse need.The scientists compared how much pressure was put on the womens knees by both types of
12、shoes.The women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure.The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.1.We learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because_.A.they want to walk comfortablyB.chunky（粗短高跟）（粗短高跟）heeled shoes are cheaper th
13、an stiletto(细高跟细高跟)heeled pairsC.chunky heels do less harm to kneesD.chunky heels are not painful at all无中生有；主观臆想 Wide-heeled shoes feel comfortable,so women wear them all day long,”Kerrigan said.“They are better for your feet than stiletto heels,but just as had for your knees.”.The first study look
14、ed only at stilettoheels,and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky（粗短）high-heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.This study confirms what we all intuitively know that high-heeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health,said Dr.Glenn Pfeifer,a San Francisco doctor Kerri gans late s
15、tudy looked at the chunky high-heeled shoes because_.A.they feel more comfortableB.they are related to knee osteoarthritisC.they are worn by many womenD.they are different from stiletto heels文不对题；答非所问 Wide-heeled shoes feel comfortable,so women wear them all day long,Kerrigan said.They are better fo
16、r your feet than stiletto（细高跟）heels,but just as had for your knees.“.The warden(狩猎监督官狩猎监督官)set out three steel traps that night.In the morning one was empty.The other two had been stolen by the beavers(河狸河狸)and used to strengthen the dam.The warden,cursing the state law against hunting beavers with
17、firearms,got his traps back and set them out again and again.And every night the beavers stole them.What did the local game warden do?A.He made steel traps to strengthen the dam.B.He set out to hunt the beavers with firearms.C.He learned a lot about the construction of the dam.D.He used petrol-soake
18、d bags to drive the beavers away.张冠李戴；偷换概念 Treatment centres have popped up around the world.In 2006 Amsterdams Smith&Jones facility claims to be“the first and,currently,the only residential video-game treatment program in the world”.In America the restart Internet Addiction Recovery Program claims
19、to treat internet addiction,gaming addiction,and even“texting addiction”.In China,meanwhile,military-style“boot camps”are the preferred way to treat internet problems.Which of the following is true about the worlds efforts to fight Internet addiction?B.Amsterdam once started the worlds first video-g
20、ame treament program.D.Military-style camps in China prove to be the best to treat Internet probmlems.1 正误并存；半对半错“干扰项”面面观3 无中生有；主观臆想4 文不对题；答非所问5 张冠李戴；偷换概念 2 以偏概全；过于夸大细节理解题 解题原则及步骤、方法：原则：忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系，不能主观臆断步骤和方法：Step1：题干中选定关键词（定位词）Step2：通过略读、查读锁定文中定位区域Step3:结合信息区域上下文理解、比对 Step4:排除干扰项，筛选得出答案定位词通常是哪些
21、词？1.人名、地名等专有名词；年份、数字等数词及题干中的大写名词2.指代具体事物或人物的名词3.词义鲜明的动词、形容词、副词等实词题干和正确选项的典型特点 替换关键词：把文中关键词转化替换成同/近义词，设置题干或正确选项。词性或语态变化:把原文句中的词变换词性或语态，以制造理解障碍。语言简化,长话短说：把原文中散杂语言现象进行提炼总结，成为题干或正确答案。When I was growing up in America,I was ashamed of my mothers Chinese English.Because of her English,she was often treated
22、 unfairly.People in department stores,at banks,and at restaurants did not take her seriously,did not give her good service,pretended not to understand her,or even acted as if they did not hear her.41.Why was the authors mother poorly served?A.She was unable to speak good English.B.She was often misu
23、nderstood.C.She was not clearly heard.D.She was not very polite.替换关键词（同/近义词替换）偷换概念偷换概念无中生有无中生有 Confucius.assumed that all men were equal at birth,though some had more potential than others,and that it was knowledge that set men apart.Socrates focused on individual,and thought that the greatest purpo
24、se of man was to seek wisdom.He believed.66.What made some people different from others according to Confucius?A.Family B.Potential C.Knowledge D.Community词性或语态变化 Traditionally,people have drunk bottled water for health reasons.The practice of“taking the waters”originated with the Romans,who believe
25、d that a person developed a healthy mind by building a healthy body.Across Europe,drinking or bathing in mineral water has been associated with the power to cure various diseases 1Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Bottled water was once drunk both by the rich and the poor.B.Bottled water s
26、ales have risen,for its cheaper than tap water.C.Europeans believed in the power of treatment of mineral water.D.Americans have had the habit of drinking bottled water for long.词性或语态变化无中生有无中生有 Unfortunately,the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition,they used mi
27、llions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000,Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433,600,000 and more tha
28、n 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.Which of the following was a cause of Naurus financial problem?A.Its leaders misused the money B.It spent too much repairing the islandC.Its phosphate mining cost much money D.It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.语言简化，长话短说偷换概念偷换
29、概念未然变已然未然变已然 1.关注起承转合的过渡词，如however，but，moreover，therefore，hence，thus，nevertheless等，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。2.警惕语气绝对的词，如：must,never,the most,all,merely,only,have to,any,no,none，completely,absolutely 等，通常不是答案3.关注试探性语气的词，如probably,possibly,may,usually,might,more or less,relatively,be likely to,not nece
30、ssary,，tend to，be liable to，往往是答案选项的其他注意事项3.了解题目设计常考位置因果关系处转折处引言处列举处比较处Pcactice makes better！运用解题方法和策略，大家一起练练手2015年7 题2016年10 题2017年9 题2018年10题2019年？8？9？10？11？.7/8/9/10.2分分Homework u Finish the exercisesu Appreciate and accumulate advanced vocabulary and good sentences1.体会本课切中要害、深入浅出的说理特点,学习这篇文章的表达方
31、式,品味本文的语言特点。找出文中典型的语句,归纳其特点,尝试从表达目的、听众的感受角度品评其表达效果。阅读时,还要注意思考,理解这篇文章的针对性和现实意义。2.只有懂得舍与得，才不会被利禄牵扯而过度奔波劳累；一个人只要能够自得其乐，即使有所失也不会为此不快乐；一个人只要拥有高深的道德修养，即使没有官位也能内心平静轻松。3.文本中不断提到“大自然”，在充满了诗情画意的大自然面前，在可爱温顺的小动物面前，素芭没有任何交流的障碍，她甚至能比常人更为轻易地表达自己。4.作者用了几乎两章的篇幅，把素芭放置到比社会环境温暖得多的自然环境中，在这里，素芭不仅是美好的，还有着无言的快乐。侧面的烘托让素芭的形象
32、更为动人。5.反面的衬托同样是塑造素芭形象的一个手段。素芭身边的人们可以用话语交流，他们是一群极为普通的劳作者，包括帕勒达帕，可是他们对素芭的表现却显得极为冷漠和麻木。6.素芭在他们身上看不到关心，找不到温暖。在小说的第五章，父母打算用欺骗的手段把素芭嫁到加尔各答，而且“没有作任何安慰”。7.整个事件的过程中，素芭只有独自流泪伤心，得不到任何关心，唯一的所谓的好友帕勒达帕只是专心致志地钓鱼，丝毫没有离愁别绪，反倒是漫不经心地证实了这个噩耗，给了素芭更大的打击。8.诗人运用浪漫主义的表现手法，热情地赞颂了云雀在诗人的笔下，云雀是欢乐、光明、美丽的象征。作者运用比喻、对比等修辞手法，对云雀加以描绘。9.在中国特色社会主义新时代，只有坚持和加强党的全面领导，才能真正落实以人民为中心的发展思想，建设现代化经济体系，健全人民当家作主的制度体系，推动社会主义文化繁荣兴盛，保障和改善民生，加强和创新社会治理，加快生态文明体制改革，正确认识和应对复杂的国际局势
