1、第23单元 递进句视译英汉汉英视译教程下篇 汉译英第23单元 递进句视译 n 所谓递进句式，是指复句中后一分句须以前一分句为基点并在程度或范围上比前一分句有更进一层的语义关系。汉语递进句式的语序与英语递进句式的语序基本一致，但是部分汉语递进句式视译成英语时可能会改变逻辑关系，有的变成并列句式、定语句式、伴随句式等，原因是译文需要顾及英语的表达习惯和逻辑结构方式。比如，“今天天气很差，不但风特别强，并且雨也下得很大”。视译译文可以有几个版本，如“The weather is rather bad today.It is not only blowing hard,but also raining
2、 heavily”;“The weather today is rather bad.It is blowing hard and raining heavily as well”;“With the howling wind and the pouring rain,the weather today couldnt be worse”;“Its very bad weather today when its blowing so hard and raining so heavily.”第23单元 递进句视译n虽然汉英递进句式有相当程度的对应性，视译时也不可机械地一一对应。递进句式不仅仅代
3、表句子成分的逻辑关系，更表达说话人对所叙述事物关系的主观感受，从而表现出不同的语气，而对同一种关系汉英习惯上所表达的不同语气恰恰是造成汉语原文与英语译文之间逻辑关系差异的原因所在，这一点值得译员高度重视。第23单元 递进句视译（要点梳理）n递进句式不仅仅代表句子成分的逻辑关系，更表达说话人对所叙述事物关系的主观感受，从而表现出不同的语气n汉语递进句式的语序与英语递进句式的语序基本一致n部分汉语递进句式视译成英语时可能会改变逻辑关系n对同一种关系汉英习惯上所表达的语气不同n译文需要顾及英语的表达习惯和逻辑结构方式第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n1.我们不仅要通过发展经济，把社会财富这个“蛋糕”做
4、大，也要通过合理的收入分配制度把“蛋糕”分好。n【笔译】We will not only make the“pie”of social wealth bigger by developing the economy,but also distribute it well on the basis of a rational income distribution system.第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n【视译】We will not only succeed in enlarging the“pie”of social wealth by developing the economy,b
5、ut also do well in distributing it on the basis of a rational income distribution system.第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n译评 该递进句的汉英句式基本对应，只是谓语结构与其他句子成分之间的位置关系发生变化。汉语的“通过”手段一定放在连接词组和主体谓语结构之间，而英语的排列顺序则是连接词组+主体谓语结构，再加“通过”手段或其他成分。值得注意的是为了方便翻译视译时可以淡化汉语的递进色彩，而采取并列结构。此句可译成“We will surely succeed in enlarging the pie of so
6、cial wealth by developing the economy,and also do well in distributing it on the basis of a rational income distribution system.”第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n2.自从中国对外开放以后，有些农民也成了企业家，而且大部分农民的生活都富裕起来了，与过去相比生活有了很大改善。n【笔译】Since China opened to the outside world,some farmers have become entrepreneurs and many are wel
7、l-fixed,living a much better life.第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n【视译】Since China opened to the outside world,some farmers have become entrepreneurs.And also,many are now well-fixed,living a much more comfortable life.第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n译评 此句汉语的语言结构虽是递进句，但其语意逻辑的递进色彩不够浓厚，更接近英语的并列逻辑。视译译文里增加了also 和 now 两个词，使得该句的语意逻辑层次更清楚
8、、自然。第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n3.我知道怎样对付两面派，而且一眼就能看出谁是一贯两面讨好的人。n【笔译】n【视译】I know how to handle two-faced people and can also tell at the first glance who are in the habit of running with the hare and hunting with the hounds.I know how to handle two-faced people and can even tell at the first glance who are in t
9、he habit of running with the hare and hunting with the hounds.第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n译评此句汉语递进关系清楚，and also 语意更偏向并列，具有补充之意。and even 表达更明确的递进关系，更适合本语境。第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n4.这家商店卖的手表都是精品，而且种类还特别多。n【笔译】n【视译】All the watches that this shop sells are the choicest,with a wide range of variety.This shop sells a wide ra
10、nge of watches,all of which are the choicest.第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n译评 笔译和视译译文里都没有与汉语递进连接词语直接对应的词语，这表明汉语语言里的一种逻辑关系不一定在英语译文里以同样的逻辑关系出现，而是可以与其他某个逻辑关系相对应。这种错位关系的对应在视译中的操作难度往往会更大，原因是译员受到时间和原文文字书面语序的双重牵制。第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n5.今天的中国人民，不仅与全世界共享科技文明的成果，也在各个领域推动世界科技的进步。n【笔译】Today,Chinese people are not only sharing the
11、 harvest of technology and civilization with people from the rest of the world,but promoting the science and technology in all kinds of field as well.第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n【视译】Today,Chinese people are sharing the harvest of technology and civilization with people from the rest of the world,but also promot
12、ing the science and technology in all kinds of field as well.第23单元 递进句视译（例句）n译评笔译译文属于通常的译法，但是在视译中如果汉语句子较长，逻辑关系比较复杂，译员在紧张处理句子成分的同时，有时就难以顾及连接词语not onlybut also在原文里的位置特征，尤其是不容易为其在视译译文结构里找到恰当的位置。视译译文的结构方式可以比较巧妙地规避这个难点。第23单元 递进句视译（例段）n1.通过举办文化节，许多中国城市在世界上的知名度提高了。已经证明，对促进中国人民和世界其他地方人民之间的交流来说，这是最好的途径之一。这种交
13、流不仅仅限于文化方面，还扩大到了经济和其他领域。n1.通过举办文化节，许多中国城市在世界上的知名度提高了。已经证明，对促进中国人民和世界其他地方人民之间的交流来说，这是最好的途径之一。这种交流不仅仅限于文化方面，还扩大到了经济和其他领域。By holding culture festivals,many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world.It has been proved that this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between C
14、hinese people and the people from different parts of the world.This kind of communication is not just confined to culture,but extends to economy and other fields.第23单元 递进句视译（例段）第23单元 递进句视译（例段）n【笔译】Through culture festivals,many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world.As has been prov
15、ed,this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world.This kind of communication is not only confined to culture,but extends to economy and other fields.第23单元 递进句视译（例段）n【视译】By holding culture festivals,many cities in Chin
16、a have raised their prestige in the world.It has been proved that this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world.This kind of communication is not just confined to culture,but extends to economy and other fields.第23单元
17、 递进句视译（例段）n译评 汉语句子里的结构“不仅仅还”与“不仅还”有微妙的语意差别。由于句子语意逻辑的关系，only 在此不是连接词组 not only 的一部分，而是独立的副词，起到强化confined to 词组的语气作用，朗读时not only 之间应该有较长停顿，only confined to 却应该朗读得连贯紧密。仅就本句汉语语意逻辑的特殊性而言，其连接关系更接近notbut。视译译文只是提供一个解释性其他表达方式，以供比对参考。另外汉语“通过”一词视译时英语可以使用更动态化的表达方式，既生动易懂，也符合视译思维规律。第23单元 递进句视译（例段）n2.我首先代表中华人民共和国驻
18、加尔各答总领馆对印度工业联合会组织这次“与中国做生意”专题研讨会表示赞赏。本次研讨会不仅让大家了解中国最新的发展状况，也有利于开拓中印两国的商业机会。n2.我首先代表中华人民共和国驻加尔各答总领馆对印度工业联合会组织这次“与中国做生意”专题研讨会表示赞赏。本次研讨会不仅让大家了解中国最新的发展状况，也有利于开拓中印两国的商业机会。On behalf of the Consulate General of China in Kolkata,I would like to express my appreciation to CII for organizing this seminar,whic
19、h is intended to share the latest developments in China and explore business opportunities between the two great nations.第23单元 递进句视译（例段）第23单元 递进句视译（例段）n【笔译】On behalf of the Consulate General of China in Kolkata,I would like to express my appreciation to CII for organizing a seminar to share the late
20、st developments in China and explore business opportunities between the two great nations.第23单元 递进句视译（例段）n【视译】On behalf of the Consulate General of China in Kolkata,I would like to express my appreciation to CII for organizing this seminar,which is intended to share the latest developments in China
21、and explore business opportunities between the two great nations.第23单元 递进句视译（例段）n译评 汉语语境是非常正式的商务场合，原文很书面化，笔译译文更接近书面风格，显得过于冗长。需要注意的是此类语境下的讲话风格汉语与英语略有差异，此时的汉语口语表达书面化比例更高，而同样条件下的英语口语表达却更多体现口语化的风格，结构短小，循序递进，更符合口耳传递信息的规律。视译译文里非限定从句的使用十分贴切，既使内容层次更加分明，也降低了译员的劳动强度。汉语的递进关系变成英语的并列关系是个很讨巧的翻译技巧。第23单元 递进句视译（例篇）n
22、 海外孔子学院与传统的中文学校遍地开花，中文热炽烧，不仅华人移民后代勤学中文，而且吸引了越来越多不同族裔的学子学习中华文化。n 如今，海外中文热的根本原因是中国的强盛发展、中国市场的兴旺及海外华人移民的激增，一般华人子女学习的目的，不仅是文化传承，也是谋生之道。n 出生于加拿大，现年四十多岁的伍先生，从来就以自己的中国人血统为荣，而且一直致力于华人维权活动。他很遗憾没学好中文：“我小时候周围亚裔同学就很少，家里也讲英文，根本没有一个中文环境，虽然学过一些中文，但平常不用也就忘了。现在情况不同了，大家都争着去中国做生意，同时华人新移民大增，推动了当地经济的发展，光是华人购物商场之多，自然就使讲中
23、文学中文容易很多，甚至连很多其他外族人都努力学习中文，目的就是为了未来闯入世界经济中心的中国市场。”第23单元 递进句视译（例篇）n【视译】n The Confucius Institute and the conventional Chinese language school are emerging around the world.The Chinese language obviously enjoys great popularitywhile the Chinese immigrants children study Chinese language and culture,mo
24、re and more students of other ethnic groups take part in the study.n Chinas current fast development and thriving market and the increasing Chinese immigrants abroad have together created an irresistible attraction of Chinese.The aims of average Chinese immigrant children to study Chinese are to hav
25、e the marketable skill as well as to keep transmitting their culture.n Mr.Wu,as a Canadian-born Chinese and aged over 40,is proud of his Chinese blood.And he always sticks to defending Canadian Chinese interest.It is his great regret that he does not have a good command of Chinese.“When I was a chil
26、d,my Asian classmates were few.My family spoke English.There was not a Chinese context for me to learn Chinese.I had learnt a little Chinese but forgot it since I hardly had a chance to practice my Chinese.But todays situation is totally different.Many people are going to China and trying to find a
27、chance to do business in China.Meanwhile,many more new Chinese immigrants arrive in Canada.Their work boosts the local economy.Many Chinese stores appear in Canada.Consequently,it is much easier for people to learn and speak Chinese.Even many other ethnic people are doing their best to study Chinese
28、.They are targeting the global economic centerChina,”he said.n 海外孔子学院与传统的中文学校遍地开花，中文热炽烧，不仅华人移民后代勤学中文，而且吸引了越来越多不同族裔的学子学习中华文化。The Confucius Institute and the conventional Chinese language school are emerging around the world.The Chinese language obviously enjoys great popularitywhile the Chinese immig
29、rants children study Chinese language and culture,more and more students of other ethnic groups take part in the study.第23单元 递进句视译（例篇详解）第23单元 递进句视译（例篇详解）n 如今，海外中文热的根本原因是中国的强盛发展、中国市场的兴旺及海外华人移民的激增，一般华人子女学习的目的，不仅是文化传承，也是谋生之道。Chinas current fast development and thriving market and the increasing Chinese
30、 immigrants abroad have together created an irresistible attraction of Chinese.The aims of average Chinese immigrant children to study Chinese are to have the marketable skill as well as to keep transmitting their culture.n 出生于加拿大，现年四十多岁的伍先生，从来就以自己的中国人血统为荣，而且一直致力于华人维权活动。他很遗憾没学好中文：“我小时候周围亚裔同学就很少，Mr.W
31、u,as a Canadian-born Chinese and aged over 40,is proud of his Chinese blood.And he always sticks to defending Canadian Chinese interest.It is his great regret that he does not have a good command of Chinese.“When I was a child,my Asian classmates were few.第23单元 递进句视译（例篇详解）n家里也讲英文，根本没有一个中文环境，虽然学过一些中文
32、，但平常不用也就忘了。现在情况不同了，第23单元 递进句视译（例篇详解）My family spoke English.There was not a Chinese context for me to learn Chinese.I had learnt a little Chinese but forgot it since I hardly had a chance to practice my Chinese.But todays situation is totally different.第23单元 递进句视译（例篇详解）n大家都争着去中国做生意，同时华人新移民大增，推动了当地经济
33、的发展，光是华人购物商场之多，自然就使讲中文学中文容易很多，Many people are going to China and trying to find a chance to do business in China.Meanwhile,many more new Chinese immigrants arrive in Canada.Their work boosts the local economy.Many Chinese stores appear in Canada.Consequently,it is much easier for people to learn and
34、 speak Chinese.第23单元 递进句视译（例篇详解）n甚至连很多其他外族人都努力学习中文，目的就是为了未来闯入世界经济中心的中国市场。”Even many other ethnic people are doing their best to study Chinese.They are targeting the global economic centerChina,”he said.第23单元 递进句视译（例篇）n译评 第1 个递进结构译文里没有使用常见的not onlybut also结构，而是使用了具有比较意味的while 结构，英文表达自然、巧妙。应该承认除非语气十分强
35、烈，否则英语里是不常见not onlybut also句式的。此段包含四个递进结构，其中第二、三个递进结构在视译译文里变成了并列结构。值得注意的是“不仅是文化传承，也是谋生之道”的两个内容成分在译文里变换了位置，成为“to have the marketable skill as well as to keep transmitting their culture”，这样是为了遵守英语词组as well as 的本身使用特性。第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：语句）n（1）我关注股市的发展，但更关注股市的健康发展。n（2）我想这话不仅是对政府工作人员说的，更是对领导干部说的。n（3）随着市场经
36、济发展，腐败现象接连不断地发生，在一些部门和地方还比较严重，甚至涉及许多高级领导人。n（4）我们是工商业社会，自然不愿自绝于这个庞大的市场之外，更何况我们拥有文化联系的优势。n（5）地球不仅是我们从父辈那里继承来的，更是从我们的后代那里借来的。第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：参考答案）n(1)I follow closely the development of the stock market,and I particularly hope to see its healthy growth.n(2)These remarks apply not only to government fu
37、nctionaries,but more to leading officials.n(3)With the development of the market economy,corruption has increased.It is quite serious in some sectors and localities.Some of the cases even involve many high-ranking officials.第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：参考答案）n(4)Ours is a commercial society,and naturally we woul
38、d not distance ourselves from the huge market of China,given the advantages we have in cultural connections.n(5)We should not only see the Earth as something that we have inherited from our forebears,but also,and more importantly,as something that we have borrowed from our later generations.第23单元 递进
39、句视译（视译练习：语段）n（1）中国是一个拥有13 亿人口和960 万平方公里土地的国家，陆地边界长达2.2 万公里，海洋边界长达1.8 万公里。我们的军费，无论从绝对数量还是比例大小，在世界上都是居于后位的。这一点不要说是发达国家了，甚至一些发展中国家都超过我们。第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：语段）n（2）世博园内首次设立了残疾人馆，所有活动都有无障碍座位，并为残疾人馆提供轮椅租赁、无障碍寄存等各种特殊服务，充分体现了对每一个生命的尊重。世博会告诉我们，社会的发展进步并不仅仅看有多少高楼大厦，还应当关注每个人的现实需要和精神需求，让社会关爱的阳光温暖人们的心房。第23单元 递进句视译（视
40、译练习：参考答案）n(1)China has a population of 1.3 billion.It has a land area of 9.6 million square kilometers,with a 22,000-kilometer-long land boundary and an 18,000-kilometer-long coastline.Chinas military expenditure ranks low in both absolute and relative terms compared with other countries.Even some d
41、eveloping countries are ahead of China in ranking,not to mention developed countries.第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：参考答案）n(2)For the first time,a pavilion for disabled persons is established in the Expo Site.There is a variety of special services such as accessible seats for all activities,wheelchair rental and a
42、ccessible depositories.Each individual is fully respected here.The Expo tells us that progress of a society is not just about the number of skyscrapers,but also meeting the practical and cultural needs of each individual and warming peoples hearts with the sunshine of social care.第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：语篇
43、）n（1）2005 年，我受托协助策划了中国著名作家梁斌先生的绘画书法展览，并撰写了生命之光梁斌书画研究一书。梁斌深邃的、富有哲理的艺术思想和博大精深的艺术创作吸引了我，从中我懂得了博大和精深的意义。精深在每个时期都能做到，甚至有的人做到精致得无以复加。而博大就不同了，不是每个时代或每一个精致的人都能做到博大，而既博大又精深是更难的。一个艺术家能兼而有之是为大家。梁斌他做到了，不仅从他的作品中能读出，更能从他作品的内在思想中体会到，这些为我的艺术创作提供了重要启示。第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：语篇）n 2006 年，我在完成了天津美院百年校庆的策划后，调往天津财经大学担任艺术学院院长。这
44、里为我提供的是一种新的思维方式，是在经济架构中去解读艺术，又以艺术的思维去影响经济，两者交融跨界是这个时代商业文明的特征。经济中的逻辑思维、结构性、市场性对艺术的建构和发展产生重要推动作用，而艺术中的感性思维、超前思维以及想象力、创造力，又使经济更加立体化。所以这种思维模式的转变，对我艺术创作中内涵与外延的拓展，艺术理想的具体化和理性化，都提供了重要帮助，不仅为我打开了更广阔、宽容和开放的空间，也促使我的作品不断向前发展，愈来愈呈现个人的面貌。第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：语篇）n（2）人类只有一个地球，各国共处一个世界。共同发展是持续发展的重要基础，符合各国人民长远利益和根本利益。我们生
45、活在同一个地球村，应该牢固树立命运共同体意识，顺应时代潮流，把握正确方向，坚持同舟共济，推动亚洲和世界发展不断迈上新台阶。第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：语篇）n 第一，勇于变革创新，为促进共同发展提供不竭动力。长期以来，各国各地区在保持稳定、促进发展方面形成了很多好经验好做法。对这些好经验好做法，要继续发扬光大。同时，世间万物，变动不居。“明者因时而变，知者随事而制。”要摒弃不合时宜的旧观念，冲破制约发展的旧框框，让各种发展活力充分迸发出来。要加大转变经济发展方式、调整经济结构力度，更加注重发展质量，更加注重改善民生。要稳步推进国际经济金融体系改革，完善全球治理机制，为世界经济健康稳定增长
46、提供保障。亚洲历来具有自我变革活力，要勇做时代的弄潮儿，使亚洲变革和世界发展相互促进、相得益彰。第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：语篇）n 第二，同心维护和平，为促进共同发展提供安全保障。和平是人民的永恒期望。和平犹如空气和阳光，受益而不觉，失之则难存。没有和平，发展就无从谈起。国家无论大小、强弱、贫富，都应该做和平的维护者和促进者，不能这边搭台，那边拆台，而应该相互补台，好戏连台。国际社会应该倡导综合安全、共同安全、合作安全的理念，使我们的地球村成为共谋发展的大舞台，而不是相互角力的竞技场，更不能为一己之私把一个地区乃至世界搞乱。各国交往频繁，磕磕碰碰在所难免，关键是要坚持通过对话协商与和平
47、谈判，妥善解决矛盾分歧，维护相互关系发展大局。第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：参考答案）n(1)In 2005,I was entrusted to assist the planning of the exhibition of paintings and calligraphy of the Chinese famous writer Mr.Liang Bin,and composed the book Light of LifeStudy on Liang Bins Books and Paintings.Mr.Liang Bins recondite,philosophical ar
48、tistic thoughts and extensive,profound artistic creations have so much appealed to me,and opened my eyes to the meaning of extensiveness and profoundness.Profoundness can be achieved at any time of human history,and some people could make it to the extreme.第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：参考答案）nExtensiveness,howeve
49、r,is different,and not every exquisite person could achieve it in every period of history.And to achieve both is even more difficult,and an artist that has achieved both is a great master.Mr.Liang Bin has made it.We can approach Mr.Liangs extensiveness and profoundness either through reading his boo
50、ks or by appreciating the inner ideas of his works,which have constituted important inspirations for my own artistic creation.第23单元 递进句视译（视译练习：参考答案）n In 2006,after planning the 100-anniversary celebrations for Tianjin Arts Academy,I was transferred to Tianjin University of Finance&Economics to serve
