1、（状语从句）（状语从句）1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句）Different Kinds of Adverbial Clauses:2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句）3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(条件状语从句）4.Adverbial Clauses of Place(地点状语从句）5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose(目的状语从句）6.Adverbial Clauses of Result（结果状语从句）7.Adverbial Clauses of Com
2、parison（比较）8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(让步）9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句 )I.时间状语从句时间状语从句:when,while,as,after,before,since,until/till,as soon as,hardly/scarcelywhen,no soonerthan,every time,each time,the moment,the minute,the second,by the time,immediately.when/while/as When+(1)延续性动词，表示段时间 e
3、.g.When I was young,I liked dancing.(2)瞬间性动词，表示点时间(不能用 while）e.g.It was snowing when we got to the airport (3)表示“这时”“正在这时候”e.g.I was walking on the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder.(4)主从句动作先后发生(不能用 while）e.g.When I got to the cinema,the film had already begun.While+(1)延续性动词 e.g
4、.1.While I slept,a thief broke in.2.She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.(2)表示两种情况对比，“然而”“而”e.g.They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they themselves couldnt.(3)表示“趁着时候”(强调主从句动作同时发生).e.g.Strike while the iron is hot.LOREM IPSUM DOLOR As 侧重主从句动作同时发生，常译为 “一边
5、一边.”e.g.The students took notes as they listened.“随着”e.g.As time goes by,we have gained more and more knowledge.注意 若主句谓语是短暂性动作，从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，三者可以互换！we were having an English class,a stranger broke in.Practice_ l was walking down the street，I saw some policemen_they heard the news，the
6、y were surprisedThey shouted slogans _they passed the square.When/While/AsWhenaswhen,while,as的用法区别 只有当从句表示的是段时间，即其谓语动词有持续性特征时，这三者可以通用互换。eg.I got the news on the radio when/while/as I was having breakfast.我在吃早饭的时候从收音机里获悉这一消息。在下列情况下，三者彼此之间不能替换使用：aas更强调同一时间或紧接的一前一后或伴随着的变化。eg.As he grew older,he became
7、less and less active.随着他年龄的增长，他变得越来越不活泼了bwhen更强调特定时间，还可表示从句中的动作先于或后于主句的动作。eg.When I had given Mary the spare ticket,I found my own already gone.（从句动作发生在主句之前，注意主从句的时态）When I finally got there,the meeting had been on for ten minutes.（从句动作发生在主句之后，注意时态）cwhile从句只能表示延续的动作或状态或主从句中动作的对比。eg.She thought I was
8、 talking about her daughter,while in fact,I was talking about my daughter.她以为我在谈论她女儿，而事实上，我在谈论我的女儿。d若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用 as场合多于when。eg.As he finished his speech,the audience burst into applause.他结束演讲时，观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。before before表示在一段时间之前。eg.I must finish all the work before I go home.回家之前我必须干完所有的活。befor
9、e 从句往往带有否定的含义。eg.Take it down before you forget it.趁着还没忘记的时候就记录下来。after after表示在一段时间之后。eg.Lets play football after school.放学后我们踢足球吧。The sun came out soon after the storm stopped.暴风雨过后不久，太阳出来了。注：before和after引导的状语从句，主从句发生的动作先后顺序很明确，因此after从句中的谓语动词常常使用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。After he(had)finished his homework,To
10、m began to play computer games.Since 注意 since 引导的时间状语从句，主句常用完成时，从句常用一般过去时。He has written to me frequently since he was ill.句型 It is/has been+一段时间+since，如果从句是延续性动词，,用一般过去时和现在完成时不同。It is/has been two years since he was in the army.(反向翻译）他离开军队两年了。It is/has been two years since he has been in the army.他
11、当兵两年了。1.-Since when _the country _ open to international trade?-1978,I suppose.2._ 5 years _ he graduated from college._ 2 years _ he smoked.has beenIt is since It is since关连词组hardly/scarcelywhenno soonerthan as soon as三种句子结构表示“一就”。注意：时态 as soon as 以一般时态代替将来时态 no sooner（一旦.立即.),hardly,scarcely(几乎不）后
12、的句子用过去完成时，than/when 后的句子用一般过去时。倒装 当hardly或no sooner位于句首时，要倒装。我一到达上海就给你打电话。我一到达上海就给你打电话。时态要求：时态要求：改错改错:I hardly got home when it began to rain 时态要求：时态要求：I will call you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai.had以一般现在时代替将来时以一般现在时代替将来时主句用主句用had done,从句用从句用didno sooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.whenHe had hard
13、ly arrived when it began to snowHardly _when it began to snowWe had hardly walked into the hall when the lecture startedHardly _ walked into the hall when the lecture started_she gone to sleep than the telephone rang once more_the boy reached the door than he came backhad he arrivedhad weNo sooner h
14、adNo sooner had倒装 until/till until/till“直到止”(肯定句，主句是延续性动词);I ll wait until/till the concert is over.(till不能放在句首，但是until了的位置不受限制)notuntil“直到才”he didnt leave the office until he finished the task.注意：倒装句、强调句，及位于句首时，只能用until。当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用部分倒装语序。Not until I returned did she finish her home
15、work.not until 句型句型与强调句型结合与强调句型结合I didnt go to sleep until he came back.与倒装句式结合与倒装句式结合It was not until he came back that I went to sleep.Not until he came back did I go to sleep.1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was thereA.becauseB.until C.why D.if 2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A.went no
16、t;until B.didnt go;after C.went;until D.didnt go;until Practice 1.Mother waited for Tom till/until far into the night.(持续性动词)2.Tom didnt get back till/until everything was all right.(短暂性动词)=_ everything was all right _.Not until did Tom get backby the time 引导的从句引导的从句在一般情况下在一般情况下 从句从句:一般过去时一般过去时 主句主句
17、:过去完成过去完成时时；从句从句:一般现在时一般现在时 主句主句:一般将一般将来时或来时或将来完成时将来完成时 By the time we got to the station,the bus _ left.By the time you receive this letter,I _ left this city for my hometown.hadwill have 1.I was waiting for the bus while I met him.2.While he was doing his homework,I listened to the radio.3.Ill tel
18、l you as soon as Ill know.4.We often finish our homework after we go to bed.5.We have been friends after we met at school.6.Jim didnt go to bed since his mother came back.whenwas listening before sinceuntil主要有主要有every time(每次每次)，each time(每次每次)，(the)next time(下次下次)，any time(随时随时)，(the)last time(上次上次
19、)，the first time(第一次第一次)：表示表示“上次上次”、“下次下次”、“每次每次”等的等的 时间连词时间连词I thought her nice and honest_ I met her.A.first time B.for the first time C.the first time D.by the first time 1Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office（10四川）四川）Asince Bthat Cwhen Duntil2.Joh
20、n thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job.（10陕西）陕西）A.when B.after C.before D.since 3.She had just finished her homework_ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday(09福建福建33).A.when B.while C.after D.since4.You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your stud
21、ent card.(09上海上海32)A.before B.if C.while D.as5.Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.(08福建福建28)A.that B.which C.when D.where6._I really dont like art，I find his work impressive.(07山东山东29)A.AsB.SinceC.If D.While7.(05福建福建)Did Jack come back early last night?Yes.It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.A.before B.when C.thatD.until 8.How can you expect to learn anything _you never listen？(06山东山东31)A.in case B.even ifC.unless D.when BYE-BYE!BYE-BYE!
