1、 23u Critical Thinking 批判性思维批判性思维 4时间模态认知模态What is critical thinking;5道义模态思维/行为模态What is critical thinking;8The 28th International Conference will emphasis the art of teaching for intellectual engagement.The intellectually engaged student:ltakes ownership of content through actively thinking it thro
2、ugh.lvalues questions more than answers lseeks understanding over rote memorization lassesses thinking for its clarity,accuracy,precision,relevance,depth,breadth,logic,and significance http:/www.criticalthinking.org/page.cfm?CategoryID=100&endnav=1The 28th International Conference9lseeks to identify
3、 key structural components in thinking(purposes,question at issue,information and data,inferences and interpretations,concepts and theories,assumptions and presuppositions,implications and consequences,points of view and frames of referencehttp:/www.criticalthinking.org/page.cfm?CategoryID=100&endna
4、v=1The 28th International Conference10lreads,writes,listens,and speaks critically lquestions the thinking of others and expects his or her thinking to be questioned by others lthinks for himself while respecting and empathically entering the point of view of othershttp:/www.criticalthinking.org/page
5、.cfm?CategoryID=100&endnav=1The 28th International Conference11http:/www.criticalthinking.org/page.cfm?CategoryID=100&endnav=112The Center and Foundation for Critical Thinking have together hosted critical thinking academies and conferences for more than a quarter century.During that time,we have pl
6、ayed a key role in defining,structuring,assessing,improving and advancing the principles and best practices of fair-minded critical thought in education and in society.We invite you to join us for the 29th International Conference on Critical Thinking.Our annual conference provides a unique opportun
7、ity for you to improve your understanding of critical thinking,as well as your ability to more substantively foster it in the classroom and in all aspects of your work and life.There is no more important goal in teaching than fostering intellectual discipline.Click to download the printable 2009 Con
8、ference Flyer(2.3MB Acrobat PDF File)http:/www.criticalthinking.org/page.cfm?CategoryID=100&endnav=113清楚清楚深度、广度、有深度、广度、有逻辑、有意义逻辑、有意义公正、全公正、全面面思维的衡量标准:思维的衡量标准:准确、精准确、精确、切题确、切题推理的组成部分:推理的组成部分:目的目的 问题问题 观点观点 信息信息 推论推论 概念概念 涵义涵义 假设假设批判性思维特性:批判性思维特性:态度谦逊态度谦逊 意志自由意志自由 理智健全理智健全 勇敢无畏勇敢无畏坚持不懈坚持不懈 笃信推理笃信推理 设身
9、处地设身处地 公正无私公正无私标准用于推理标准用于推理推理有助发推理有助发展特性展特性14彭漪涟 马钦荣 逻辑学大辞典M 上海:上海辞书出版社,2004P721-734 dialogic thinking;1516批判性阅读(批判性阅读(critical readingcritical reading):):主动参与和作者之间的内在对话的阅读模式。主动参与和作者之间的内在对话的阅读模式。本质是去理解一种与自己不同的立场即作者立场。本质是去理解一种与自己不同的立场即作者立场。批判性阅读不仅要求积极地去发现所阅读文本中的批判性阅读不仅要求积极地去发现所阅读文本中的假定、关键词、理由、辩明、支持性的
10、例证、类似的假定、关键词、理由、辩明、支持性的例证、类似的经验、含义结论以及任何其他的结构性特征,更要对经验、含义结论以及任何其他的结构性特征,更要对其加以准确而公允的解释和评估。其加以准确而公允的解释和评估。彭漪涟 马钦荣 逻辑学大辞典M 上海:上海辞书出版社,2004P721-734 What is critical reading;17a.a.愿意花时间反复阅读材料中的想法;愿意花时间反复阅读材料中的想法;b.b.在阅读时愿意评估和解决问题,而不只是编辑一系在阅读时愿意评估和解决问题,而不只是编辑一系列的事实去记忆;列的事实去记忆;c.c.逻辑性思考;逻辑性思考;d.d.勤勉于追求事实;
11、勤勉于追求事实;e.e.渴望就一个主题表达其思想;渴望就一个主题表达其思想;f.f.就一个主题,寻求二中择一的想法;就一个主题,寻求二中择一的想法;彭漪涟 马钦荣 逻辑学大辞典M 上海:上海辞书出版社,2004P721-734 What is critical reading;18g.g.解放思想,不需要与其原先的思想一致;解放思想,不需要与其原先的思想一致;h.h.能把判断建立在观点和论据基础上;能把判断建立在观点和论据基础上;i.i.能认识其中的错误,如同认识善意的争辩;能认识其中的错误,如同认识善意的争辩;j.j.关于问题,愿意采取批判的姿态;关于问题,愿意采取批判的姿态;k.k.能提出
12、敏锐的、发人深省问题去评估思想观能提出敏锐的、发人深省问题去评估思想观念;念;l.l.其个性思想和观念与主题相联系;其个性思想和观念与主题相联系;彭漪涟 马钦荣 逻辑学大辞典M 上海:上海辞书出版社,2004P721-734 What is critical reading;19m.m.当新的或不协调的证据被引入或被评当新的或不协调的证据被引入或被评估时,愿意再评估自己的观点;估时,愿意再评估自己的观点;n.n.能明确论据的问题;能明确论据的问题;o.o.能认识到话题之间的联系,并将其它能认识到话题之间的联系,并将其它学科的知识用来增强其阅读和学习的经学科的知识用来增强其阅读和学习的经验。验。
13、彭漪涟 马钦荣 逻辑学大辞典M 上海:上海辞书出版社,2004P721-734 What is critical reading;2021u批判性阅读实践的三种方法批判性阅读实践的三种方法 点点-线线-面面22检索工具:检索工具:CBMCBM关键词:护理质量、护理管理关键词:护理质量、护理管理限定时间:限定时间:2004.12004.12008.122008.12期刊类型:核心期刊期刊类型:核心期刊结果:共检出文献结果:共检出文献4444篇篇2324其中包括其中包括1313所部队医院所部队医院2526272829累计考核管理模式累计考核管理模式模糊综合评判法模糊综合评判法三级三级/四级质量控制
14、四级质量控制网络技术网络技术护理信息系统护理信息系统循证思维循证思维追问思维追问思维30313233343536编号项目0 1 21234567891011121337Prospects3839ExternalExternalInternalInternal40uContinuous quality improvement is a concept which includes:Quality assurance-the provision of services that meet an appropriate standard.Problem resolution-including all departments involved in the issue at hand.Quality improvement-a continuous process involving all levels of the organization working together across departmental lines to produce better services for health care clients.4142