1、A1what what 引导名词性从引导名词性从句的五种用法句的五种用法A2After_seemed a very long time,I opened my eyes and found myself in bed!A.what B.when C.that D.whichA I dont know what you mean.什么，你指的什么，你指的“意思意思”A3一、用法归纳一、用法归纳 1.表示表示“的东西或事情的东西或事情”“”“所所 的的”，相当于相当于“the thing that.;all that.;everything that.；anything that.”Theyve
2、done what they can do to help her.He saves what he earns.What Mary is is the secretary.A42.表示表示“的人或的样子的人或的样子”（指抽象意义的（指抽象意义的人）相当于人）相当于the person that；the one thatHe is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的那个样子。他已经不是以前的那个样子。He is what is generally called a traitor.他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。Who has made Fred
3、_ he is now?whatA53.表示表示“的数量或数目的数量或数目”,相当于相当于the amount/number thatOur income now is double what it was ten years ago.The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation.A64.表示表示“的时间的时间”,相当于相当于the time that：After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
4、The young girl was too frightened to speak,standing there for what seemed like hours.A75.表示表示“的地方的地方”,相当于相当于the place thatThis is what they call Salt Lake City.In 1492,Columbus reached _ is now called America.Last year,they finally accomplished their wish in life,arriving at _ was considered sacred
5、in Catholic religion.whatwhatA8归纳总结：当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语、表语，而缺少的这个词不归纳总结：当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语、表语，而缺少的这个词不是指具体的人时，要首先考虑是指具体的人时，要首先考虑whatwhat1.1.表示表示“的东西或事情的东西或事情”“”“所所 的的”，相当于，相当于“the thing the thing that.;all that.;everything that.that.;all that.;everything that.；anything that.”anything that.”2.表示表示“的人或的样子的人或的样子”
6、（指抽象意义的人）相当于（指抽象意义的人）相当于the person that；the one that表示表示“的数量或数目的数量或数目”,相当于相当于the amount/number that4.表示表示“的时间的时间”,相当于相当于the time that：5.表示表示“的地方的地方”,相当于相当于the place thatA9巩固练习巩固练习:1.She has changed a lot.Shes no longer _she used to be.A.that B.what C.which D.不填不填2.The tobacco which is used to make c
7、igarettes was first grown in_is now part of the United States.A.which B.that C.all D.what3.No longer_Tom the man_he used to be.A.will;what B.was;what C.will;that D.is;that4.What has made China_she is today?A.that B.what C.as D.which5.The number of the students of the college has reached 8,000,twice
8、_ it was when the college was opened ten years ago.A.what B.as much C.which D.thatA10二、用法说明二、用法说明(1)这样用的这样用的what相当于相当于“先行词先行词+关系代词关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词：所以其前不能有先行词：你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。正：正：You can have what you like./You can have everything(that)you like.误：误：You can have everything what you like.A11二、用法说
9、明二、用法说明(2)有时有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词词（见（见42）：）：I gave him what books I had.我把我所有的书都给他了。我把我所有的书都给他了。He gave me what money he had.他把身边带有的钱全给了我。他把身边带有的钱全给了我。A12(3)what 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词：但通常不能是单数可数名词：误：误：I gave him what book I had.A13A is to B what C is to D句型分
10、析句型分析A14 句型句型:A is to B what C is to D.本句型的意思是本句型的意思是“A对对B而言正如而言正如C对对D一样一样”。其中。其中what 的意思相当于的意思相当于 as（但在此句型不能用（但在此句型不能用as代替）代替）,作连词作连词用用,引导状语从句。引导状语从句。Air is to us what water is to fish.空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。其中介词其中介词to表示对比表示对比A15who可以引导可以引导名词性从句名词性从句，它是，它是疑问代词疑问代词，意思是，意思是“谁谁”，后面引导的从句用，后面引导的从句用陈述
11、句陈述句的语序，如：的语序，如：No one knows who cheated in the exam.Do you know who broke the antique vase?who或或whom只有在一些特殊句型里，才作缩合只有在一些特殊句型里，才作缩合连接代连接代词词使用，如：使用，如：Who breaks pays.She could marry whom she likes.Who is not for us is against us.A16whoever(pron).谁谁 1.连接代词连接代词,引导名词性从句引导名词性从句(=anybody that)Whoever come
12、s will be welcome.谁来都欢迎谁来都欢迎.Give it to whoever you like.你喜欢给谁就给谁你喜欢给谁就给谁.2.做疑问代词做疑问代词(比比who语气重语气重)Whoever said that?是谁讲的那话是谁讲的那话?Whoever can that be knocking at the door?3.conj.不管是谁不管是谁(引导状语从句引导状语从句,=no matter who)Whoever rings,tell him Im out.例：例：_ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights
13、.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 选选C whoever“无论谁无论谁”，可以引导主语从句，可以引导主语从句，whoever既既是从句是从句leave the room last 的主格，又是的主格，又是“ought to turn off the lights”的主语的主语.who和和whoever引导名词性从句的区别引导名词性从句的区别A17(1)Whoever comes first will get the first prize.Who will come to have dinner is not known.(2)Whoever wil
14、l be sent to work there will be given a large house.Who will be sent to work there hasnt been decided yet.(3)Whoever will go with us please sign your name here.Who will go with us has not yet been decided.who和和whoever引导名词性从句的区别引导名词性从句的区别A18 练习：练习：1）_ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights
15、.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 选选C，whoever“无论谁无论谁”，可以引导主语从句，可以引导主语从句，whoever既是从句既是从句leave the room last 的主格，又是的主格，又是“ought to turn off the lights”的的主语主语.2）_ with the right knowledge can give first aid.A.Who B.Whoever C.Anyone D.Who ever【分析分析】此题容易误选此题容易误选B，主要受以下这类句子的影响而形成思维，主要受以下这类句子的影响而形成思维定
16、势：定势：_ with the right knowledge 中没有谓语动词，所以中没有谓语动词，所以我们不能选我们不能选 whoever。此题的正确答案为。此题的正确答案为C，anyone 为句子主语，为句子主语，with the right knowledge 为修饰为修饰 anyone 的定语。的定语。A19【类例类例】请做以下试题：请做以下试题：A.Who B.Whoever C.Anyone D.Who ever1)_ with a good education can apply for the job.2)_ has a good education can apply for
17、 the job.3)_ having a good education can apply for the job.4)_ seen smoking here will be fined.5)_ is seen smoking here will be fined.6)_ smoking here will be fined.7)_ smokes here will be fined.Whoever AnyoneAnyoneAnyoneWhoever AnyoneWhoever A20名词性从句名词性从句 what where 表示地点表示地点 相当于相当于在从句中在从句中从句从句whatt
18、he one that充当主、充当主、宾、表语宾、表语缺主、宾、缺主、宾、表语表语wherethe place that充当状语充当状语基本完整基本完整A21名词性从句名词性从句 what where 表示地点表示地点 This is what they call Salt Lake City.In 1492,Columbus arrived at what is now called America.Where the meeting will be held is unknown.We do not know where the meeting is held.The problem is
19、 where the meeting is held.Thats where I was when the accident happened.What=the one thatWhere=the place thatA22Where引导从句的用法 一、where引导定语从句 where引导定语从句时，其先行词是表示地点的名词，它在定语从句中作地点状语，此时where 相当于at/in/on+which。如：This zoo is not the only place where the animal can be seen.这个动物园并不是唯一能够看到这种动物的地方。Shes got her
20、self into a dangerous situation where shes likely to lose her life.她将自己置于了危险的境地，而且很有可能丢掉性 命。二、where引导状语从句 where引导状语从句时，它相当于in/at the place where。如：My father grew up where he was born.我父亲是在他出生的地方长大的。Take him where it is safe.把他带到安全的地方去。三、where引导名词性从句 where引导的名词性从句主要有宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句以及同位语从句，此时where相当于th
21、e place where。如：Can you tell me where you found it?你能告诉我你是在哪儿找到它的吗？Thats where I was when the accident happened.那就是事故发生时我所在的地方。Where the old man comes from is still a puzzle.这位老人是从哪里来的还是个谜。I have no idea where we should go for a holiday.我不知道我们该去哪里度假。【巩固练习】请用引导词where来补全下列英文句子。1.有志者事竟成。_,there is a wa
22、y.2.书在你原来放的地方。The book is _.3.她回到了她刚才坐的地方。She is back to _.4.请呆在原处。Please stay _.5.这就是他曾工作过的农场。This is the farm _.6.我很怀念我儿时生活过的地方。I miss the place _ in my childhood.7.我希望住在一个空气清新、人们友好的地方。I hope to live _ and people are friendly.8.明天我们在哪里见面还没有决定呢。_ has not been decided yet.9.她可以想去哪里就去哪里，想做什么就做什么。She
23、was free to _ and do what she liked to do.A2310.到哪儿去过周末，这个问题我们还没有解决。We havent dealt with the question _.参考答案：1.Where there is a will 2.where you left it 3.where she sat just now 4.where you are 5.where he once worked 6.where I lived 7.where the air is fresh 8.Where we shall meet tomorrow 9.go to where she liked to go 10.where we are going to spend the weekend
