1、定语从句定语从句介词介词+关系代词关系代词“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导定语从句时，引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用介词的宾语只能用which（指物）或（指物）或whom(指人指人)，whose既可指人也可既可指人也可指物指物,即介词即介词+which/whom/whose.介词介词+关系代词关系代词1.介词介词+关系代词与关系代词与when、where或或why转换转换2.介词的选用介词的选用3.“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”型定语从句四大考点型定语从句四大考点Point 1介词介词+关系代词与关系代词与when、where或或why转换转换 关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词：在句中作状语
2、 关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词:when,where,why(1)when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。指时间，在从句中作时间状语。when=during/on/in/.which (介词同先行词搭配介词同先行词搭配)(2)where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。指地点，在从句中作地点状语。where=in/at/on/.which (介词同先行词搭配介词同先行词搭配)(3)why的先行词只有的先行词只有reason，why在从句中作原因状语。在从句中作原因状语。why=for which(4)先行词指物时，先行词指物时，whose=the+n.of whichT
3、heyll never forget July 1 _ Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days _ we used foreign oil are gone forever.关系副词关系副词whenThere was a time _ the businessman lost heart.when=on whichwhen=on whichwhen先行词是表示原因的名词，先行词是表示原因的名词，即即reason，在定语从句中充在定语从句中充当原因状语，当原因状语，用用why，这时一般可以用这时一般可以用for which来代来代替替:I do
4、nt know the reason why/for which he did it.The reason why/for which he was fired was not clear.试比较：试比较：The reason _he explained to the teacher is not true.The reason _ was explained to the teacher is not true.(which/that)（作宾语）（作宾语）which/that（作主语）（作主语）关系副词关系副词why 先行词是先行词是position,situation,point,case
5、,condition等时在定语从句中作状语用关系副词等时在定语从句中作状语用关系副词where连接连接.They are in such a situation where everything is in disorderThe police are looking into the case where two VIPs were killed.Can you make a sentence where this verb can be used?They were at the point where/at which they had to decide what to de next
6、.Point 2:介词的选用介词的选用考虑三个因素考虑三个因素:“一先一先,二动二动,三意义三意义”1.根据定语从句中根据定语从句中先行词先行词的搭配习惯确定的搭配习惯确定I never forget the days during which I studied hard.I never forget the day on which I went to college.I never forget the year in which I went to college.daysdayyearPoint 2:介词的选用介词的选用2.根据定语从句中根据定语从句中谓语动词谓语动词的搭配习惯确定的
7、搭配习惯确定Have you found the book for which I paid$10?Have you found the book on which I spent$10?Have you found the book about which she often talks?paidspenttalksPoint 2:介词的选用介词的选用3.根据定语从句根据定语从句所表达的意义所表达的意义来确定来确定Air,_ which man cant live,is really important.The film _ I fell asleep was very boring.The
8、 pen _which he is writing now was bought yesterday.during whichwithoutwithThis is the river _we often have a walk._a bridge was built._ there is a boat.by/besideon whichover/across whichalong which_which there is a factory.Point 3“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”定语从句四大考点定语从句四大考点1、恰当的简单介词、恰当的简单介词+关系代词关系代词We managed to
9、 find a boat,_we could get to the island.The lab,_the experiments used to be done,is being repaired.She is a girl _you can share your sorrow and happiness.in whichin whichwith whom2.复杂介词复杂介词+关系代词关系代词We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden.Is there a certain test by means of which t
10、he No.1 will be decided?as a result of,because of,by means of,in front of,at the back of,at the top of 等等3.the+n.+of+关系代词关系代词The headmaster_ _(他的学校）他的学校）Mr Brown teaches in is a man who works hard.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,_(它的价格）它的价格）was very reasonable.whose price/the price of whic
11、h whose school/the school of whomWhose从句可转换为从句可转换为“the+of+关系代词关系代词”型型4.some/any/all/both/none/neither/either/most/many/few/数词（序数词数词（序数词/基本数词基本数词/分数或分数或百分数）百分数）/the 比较级比较级(最高级最高级)of+关系代词关系代词The chinese team won 16 gold medals,_(其中有其中有12枚）枚）were won by women.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,
12、_(他们中有绝大多他们中有绝大多数）数）hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.12 of whichmost of which逗号不可以连接两个句子逗号不可以连接两个句子 不定代词不定代词/数词数词/名词名词+介词介词+which/whom +从句从句She has three sons,all of whom joined the army.She has three sons,two of whom were engineers.I want a room,the window of which faces the south.注意注意 I pick
13、ed up the apples,I picked up the apples,_ were bad._ were bad.I picked up the apples.I picked up the apples._ were bad._ were bad.I picked up the apples and I picked up the apples and/but _ were/but _ were bad.bad.some of whichsome of whichS Some of themome of themsome of themsome of them I have lot
14、s of friends,and some of _are friendly.I have lots of friends.Some of _are friendly.I have lots of friends,some/none of _are friendly.whomthemthemPractice1.Do you know who lives in the building_there is a well?A.in front of it B.in front of whoseC.in front of which D.in front which2.Ill never forget
15、 the day_I joined the League.A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which3.The woman_my brother spoke just now is my teacher.A.who B.to whom C.to who D whomCAB 4.Jeanne was her old friend,_she borrowed a necklace.A.from who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom 5.His glasses,_he was like a blind man,fell to t
16、he ground and broke its leg.A.which B.with which C.without which D.thatBC6.she is a teacher of much knowledge,_much can be learned.A.who B.that C.from which D.from whom7.He built a telescope_he could study the skies.A.in which B.with that C.through which D.by it8.Do you know the reason_he was late?A
17、.that B.which C.for what D.for whichDCD9.I have bought two ballpens,_writes well.A.none of which B.neither of which C.none of them D.neither of them10.The Second World War_millions of people were killed in 1945.A.during which B.in that C.where D.on whichBA11.China has many rivers,_the Changjiang Riv
18、er is the longest.A.which B.in which C.among which D.one of which12.This is the very knife_I used to cut apples yesterday.A.that B.by which C.which D.with which13.The speed_which you drive your car mustnt too high.14.In the park there are many flowers,the colour_ which is bright and nice.15.The litt
19、le girl is reading a book,_which there are many pictures.16.What were the things_which he was not too sure?CDatofinabout17.They held a meeting,_which the hospital director made a speech.18.The book,_which he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading.19.Is this the man_whose house the police found the lost colour
20、ed TV?20.The villagers dug along tunnel_which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.21.Wu Dong,_whom I went to the concert,enjoyed it very much.22.The stories about Long March,_which this is one example,are well written.atforinthroughwithofExercises:She brought with her three friends,none of_I had ever met before.(2009宁夏，宁夏，28)A.them B.who C.whom D.theseTip:none of her three friends
