1、Unit 4Earthquakes.分类记单词快速掌握1.阅读单词认一认(1)earthquake n._(2)canal n._(3)track n._(4)sincerely adv._(5)headline n._地震运河;水道轨道;足迹;痕迹真诚地;真挚地报刊的大字标题(6)electricity n._(7)shock vt.&vi._ n._(8)disaster n._(9)shelter n._(10)reporter n._电;电流;电学(使)震惊;震动休克;打击;震惊灾难;灾祸掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处记者2.核心单词写一写(1)_ vi.(_,_)爆裂;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发
2、(2)_ n.事件;大事(3)_ n.废墟;毁灭 vt.毁灭;使破产(4)_ vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱;困境(5)_ vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏(6)_ n.民族;国家;国民burstburstbursteventruintrapburynation(7)_ n.污垢;泥土_ adj.脏的,肮脏的(8)_ n.苦难;痛苦_ vt.&vi.遭受;忍受_ n.患者;受害者(9)_ adj.极度的_ adv.非常;极其;极端地(10)_ vt.损害;伤害_ n.伤害;损害_ adj.受伤的;受损害的dirtdirtysufferingsuffersuffererextremeextremelyinju
3、reinjuryinjured(11)_ n.幸存者;生还者;残存物_ vt.&vi.幸存;幸免于(12)_ n.&vt.援救;营救_ n.救援者(13)_ vt.使惊吓;吓唬_ adj.受惊的;受恐吓的_ adj.令人恐惧的(14)_ n.祝贺;(复数)贺词_v.祝贺survivorsurviverescuerescuerfrightenfrightenedfrighteningcongratulationcongratulate(15)_ n.裁判员;法官 vt.断定;判断;判决_ n.判断;裁判;判决书(16)_ vt.表示;表达 n.快车;速递_n.表达;表情;措辞judgejudgm
4、entexpressexpression.联想背短语 高效识记1._ 立刻;马上2._ 仿佛;好像3._ 掘出;发现4._ 代替;而不是5._ 轻视;认为没价值6._ 埋头于right awayas ifdig outinstead ofthink little ofbe buried in7._ 从判断8._ 集资,筹款;募捐9._ 做演讲10.at an end _11.in ruins _ 12.a(great)number of _13.be trapped in _ judge fromraise moneygive a speech结束;终结严重受损;破败不堪许多;大量的陷入14.
5、cut across _15.in the open air _抄近路,走近路 在户外.精彩写句式 典句背诵1.Mice ran out of the fields _(找地方躲藏).(现在分词短语作伴随状语)2.It seemed _(仿佛到了世界末日)!(as if引导的表语从句)looking for places to hideas if the world was at an end3._(他们无论朝哪里看)nearlyeverything was destroyed.(everywhere引导的状语从句)4._.(不是所有的希望都破灭了。)(all.not部分否定)Everywhe
6、re they lookedAll hope was not lost【联想微空间】1.“AAA”式不规则动词变化burst burst burst 爆裂,爆发cost cost cost 花费put put put 放下hurt hurt hurt 伤害shut shut shut 关闭2.合成名词(n.+n.)earthquake n.地震bookmark n.书签basketball n.篮球website n.网站homework n.家庭作业3.“think+副词+of”短语think little of 认为没价值think highly of 重视;看得起think well o
7、f 重视think poorly of 轻视think badly of 认为不好4.cut短语串联cut across 抄近路,走近路cut off 切断;中断cut down 削减;砍倒cut out 切断;删去cut up 切碎;抨击第一板块重点单词1.burst vi.(burst,burst)爆裂;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发【对接考题】单句语法填空(2015全国卷)When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for whatever his family might need,he burst _ tears.(2013
8、江西高考)Suddenly they burst _ laughing.intoout【知识构建】(1)burst in/into 突然闯进;破门而入burst out 突然迸发;爆发;突然激动地喊叫burst out doing sth.=burst into+n.突然做某事(2)burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/心花怒放a burst of 一阵*(2014安徽高考)Then she threw a stone into the beehive,which burst into life.然后她向蜂窝扔了块石头,蜂窝顿时炸开了锅。*(写作佳句)Hearing this,t
9、he whole class burst out laughing,and my deskmates face turned red.听到这,全班哄堂大笑,我同桌的脸变红了。2.ruin n.废墟;毁灭 vt.毁灭;使破产【对接考题】(2015福建高考)Dont let negativity ruin your motivation.译:_不要让消极毁掉你的积极性。(2014福建高考)Many village communities feel their countryside _ _ _ by the power-producing machines of wind farms.许多村庄社区
10、感觉风电场的发电机器正在毁灭他们的乡村。isbeingruined【知识构建】(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟fall into ruin 毁灭;毁坏bring.to ruin 使毁灭;使没落;使破产come/go to ruin 毁灭;落空(2)ruin sth./sb.毁坏某物/某人ruin ones health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途*The big building lies in ruins after that fire.那场大火过后,那幢大楼成了一片废墟。【易混辨析】ruin表示表示“毁灭毁灭,毁坏毁坏”,是指在一定过程中是指在一定过程
11、中逐渐对物体进行破坏逐渐对物体进行破坏,使其毁灭。也可用使其毁灭。也可用于指抽象意义于指抽象意义damage表示表示“损害损害,损坏损坏”,通常是指对物体的通常是指对物体的部分损害部分损害,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低功能可能降低,但这种破坏具有可修复性。但这种破坏具有可修复性。也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词词,作名词时与介词作名词时与介词to搭配搭配,如如cause damage todestroy表示表示“毁坏毁坏”,通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭,其其功能无法或难以修复。也可用于损坏抽象功能无法或难以修
12、复。也可用于损坏抽象的东西的东西,如名誉、计划、契约等如名誉、计划、契约等3.injure vt.损害;伤害【对接考题】单句语法填空(2015全国卷)As always,you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent _(injure).(2014北京高考)Im feeling very sorry to tell youthat I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July,because one of my feet got _(injure).
13、injuriesinjured【知识构建】(1)injured adj.受伤的the injured 伤员(2)injury n.伤;伤口;伤害do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人*What the news reported did a great injury to her fame.新闻上报道的事情严重损害了她的名誉。【易混辨析】injure多指意外事故造成的伤害多指意外事故造成的伤害,也也可指对名誉、地位的损害可指对名誉、地位的损害wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤指人在战斗、攻击中受伤,身身体上出现明显的伤口体上出现明显的伤口,多指枪多指枪伤、
14、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt多指精神上受到伤害多指精神上受到伤害,也可指也可指身体上的疼痛身体上的疼痛harm指身体或精神上的损害或对指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为周围事物的危害。意为“伤伤害害,损害损害,有害于有害于”。常用短。常用短语语do harm to“对对有害有害”4.bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏【对接考题】单句语法填空(2012湖北高考)The document was discovered _(bury)in the university archives.(2011天津高考)I wandered into the dining room
15、 where you were buried _ piles of law books.buriedin【知识构建】(1)bury oneself in=be buried in 埋头于;专心于(2)be buried in thought 沉思bury oneself in study 埋头研究;专心学习bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面*(写作佳句)The girl was sitting on the bench in the park,buried in/burying herself in the book in her hands.女孩坐在公园的长凳
16、上,埋头读着手里的那本书。5.judge n.裁判员;法官 vt.断定;判断;判决【对接考题】(2014重庆高考)Wearing proper clothes is importanttoo,for locals will judge you _ what you wear.(介词填空)byThe world is generally a happy place,_ the emotion people use around the world.从全世界人们使用的表情判断,世界通常是一个快乐的地方。judgingby/from【知识构建】(1)judging by/from 从判断judge
17、sb./sth.by/from 从来判断某人/某物as far as I can judge 据我判断;我认为(2)judgment=(judgement)n.裁决;判定make a judgment about 对作出判断*(写作佳句)I respect his judgement and Ill follow any advice he gives me.我尊重他的判断力,会接受他提的任何建议。【要点拾遗】express vt.表示;表达 n.快车;速递【对接考题】(2015浙江高考)By doing so,I can not only share good ideas with othe
18、rs but also learn to express myselfclearly.译:通过这样做,我不仅可以与别人分享好想法也学会_。清楚地表达自己(2014浙江高考)People wont pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying for _(express).expression【知识构建】(1)express oneself表达自己的意思、思想、感情等(2)expression n.表达,表示;表情*(写作佳句)On behalf of our school,I would
19、 like to express our warm welcome to you.我代表我们学校向你们表示热烈欢迎。【板块集训】1.burst搭配填空He couldnt help bursting _ tears when he heard the bad news.We all thought his heart would burst _ happiness.One minute she burst _ tears,and the next she burst _ laughing.We just couldnt catch her mood at any moment.intowith
20、intoout2.ruin/damage/destroy辨析填空He knocked over a bottle of ink and _ my painting.A heavy rain came down and _ the crops.The farmers house was completely _,sohe decided to build a new one.ruineddamageddestroyed3.injure语境填空The _ person was badly _ in the chest.Thedoctor couldnt see his _,for he was l
21、yingon his stomach.injuredinjuredinjury4.bury一句多译由于他埋头于书本,所以不知道外面下雨了。_,he didnt know it was raining outside._,he didnt know it was raining outside._,he didnt know it was raining outside.Because he buried himself in his bookBuried in his bookBurying himself in his book5.judge语境填空_ from his looks,he m
22、ust be an honest man.On the contrary,he often robs and steals,so the _ pointed out that a man should not be _ by his looks.Judgingjudgejudged6.用所给单词的适当形式填空After the crash,an ambulance took the _(injure)to hospital immediately._(shock)at the sad news,my aunt stood there still,not knowing what to say.
23、We offered our _(congratulate)to you on your passing the 2015 College Entrance Examination.injuredShockedcongratulationsWhen people use words and _(express)different from the“standard language”,it is called a dialect.This _(frighten)boy whose mother waslost in the disaster is looking for her now.exp
24、ressionsfrightened第二板块常考短语句式1.at an end结束;终结【对接考题】单句语法填空My holiday is at _ end and I must go back to worktomorrow.(2014湖北高考)Why did the boy have tears in his eyes _ the end?anin【短语串记】(1)put/bring.to an endput an end e to an end 完成;结束in the end 最后make ends meet 量入为出;使收支平衡at the end of 在尽头(末)by the en
25、d of 到末为止(常与完成时态连用)使结束(2)end up with 以结束(3)ending n.结局,结尾endless adj.无止境的;连续的*(2015天津高考)I go back years ago,when we lived in a three-room house,when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet.我回想到几年前,我们住在三室的房子里,起早贪黑以维持生计。*(2014广东高考)You help organize sports activities and
26、other outdoor pursuits and you could end up with a qualification as an instructor.你帮助组织体育活动和其他的户外活动,最终你会成为一个有资格的指导员。2.It seemed as if the world was at an end!世界似乎到了末日!【对接考题】(2013广东高考)It seemed as if he _(enjoy)my company.(填空)enjoyed(2014重庆高考)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me
27、 _ _ _ _ _ _?是约翰打破的窗户,你为什么说我啊?就好像是我做的一样。asifIhaddoneit【知识构建】It seemed(to sb.)as if.“(对某人来说)似乎”。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时,句子要用陈述语气。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。*It seems as if he didnt recognize his old friend.他似乎并未认出他的老朋友。3.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。【对接考题】(2015湖南高考)Not all p
28、rint dictionaries are the same,as you will notice when you select one.译:当你选择的时候你会注意到,_(2015全国卷)Not everyone is happy.译:_并不是所有的印刷字典都是一样的。并不是每个人都高兴。【知识构建】(1)all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,complete,completely,always,whole,wholly,entirely,altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用,构成部分否定,表示“不是都;并非都
29、”。(2)no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,no one,nowhere,no more,no longer,no way等表达否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用,构成“全部否定”。*Both of the two math problems are not very difficult.=Not both of the two math problems are very difficult.这两道数学题并非都很难。*A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.有学问的人并不一定都是有智慧的人。【
30、板块集训】1.end语法填空Im going to charge a new dress,and pay for it _ theend of the month.I must warn you that my patience is almost at _end.They had achieved their plan _ the end of lastmonth.atanbyJim entered the competition without much hope,notthinking he would end up _ first prize.After all,plenty of p
31、eople end up _ jobs that have nothing to do with what they studied.within2.as if单句语法填空(2012北京高考)Dont handle the vase as if it _(be)made of steel.I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing _ _(happen).werehadhappened3.“部分否定”对点练他们并不是都喜欢数学。_ like math./_ like math.他们都不喜欢数学。_likes math.All of the
32、m dontNot all of themNone of them4.选词填空right away;dig out;think little of;be trapped in;a number of;be buried inHis car was buried by the snow and had to be _.They _ my suggestion,which made me a little upset.dugoutthought little ofPlease wait for a moment.Ill find the address for you _.Quite _ worl
33、d-famous paintings are on show in this exhibition.He _ so deeply _ the bus that he missed the stop where he should have got.Thirty miners _ the mine,making theirrelatives and friends much worried.right awaya number ofwasburied inare trapped in.教材与语法填空 根据课文内容,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A terrible e
34、arthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28,1976,in which thousands of people died and many 1._(injure).Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells 2._ of water.People were greatly 3._(shock).All the electricity in the city was cut 4._and people began to wonder howlong the disaster would last.
35、The whole city waswere injuredinsteadshockedoffcompletely 5._(destroy)and the world seemed 6._ its end.destroyedat The people of Tangshan didnt lose hope,because 150,000 soldiers were sent 7._(help)the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 8._ were trapped.They also built she
36、ltersfor the survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city by every means.Slowly,the city began to come back to life.to helpwho It was said that before the quake,strange things were happening in the countryside.The water in the village wells 9._(rise)and fell.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Strange noise
37、s were heard in the sky,but people thought little of 10._.rosethem.教材与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Dear student,Congratulations!We are pleased to telling you that you have win the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.Your speech was heard by the group of
38、 five judges,all of who agreed that it was the best one this year.Your parents and your school should be proud you!Our office would like to have youspeaking in the new park,which will honor those that were died in the terrible disaster.What you know,this is the day when the quake happened thirty yea
39、rs before.We invite you to bring your family and friends on that specially day.答案:1.第二句中tellingtell。2.第二句中winwon。3.第三句中第一个thea。4.第三句中whowhom。5.第四句中you前加of。6.第五句中speakingspeak。7.第五句中were去掉。8.第六句中WhatAs。9.第六句中beforeago。10.第七句中speciallyspecial。.教材与话题写作用本单元所学知识完成下列句子,并按照逻辑连成短文。1.一天夜里,一切都开始摇晃起来。水管爆裂,电力中断
40、。One night,everything _,the pipes bursting and _.began to shakethe electricity cut off2.世界似乎到了末日。_ the world _.3.有些人受伤,有些人被埋在废墟下。Some people _;some were _.4.大量的被困群众等待着救援。_ waited for the rescue.It seemed as ifwas at an endwere injuredburied in theruinsA number of trapped people5.不是所有的希望都破灭了。All hope
41、 was _.6.很快士兵们就被派遣到那里。The soldiers were soon _.7.成千上万的人被救了出来。Hundreds of thousands of people _.not lostsent therewere helped out8.飞机、火车、卡车运来了食品和饮用水,慢慢地,全城又恢复了生机。Food and fresh water _ by plane,train and truck.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.were taken to the city组篇公式:句1改为with复合结构。_【参考范文】One n
42、ight,everything began to shake,with the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off.It seemed as if the world was at an end.Some people were injured;some were buried in the ruins.A number of trapped people waited for the rescue.All hope was not lost.The soldiers were soon sent there.Hundreds ofthousands of people were helped out.Food and fresh water were taken to the city by plane,train and truck.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.
