1、Hello!Everyone!Lets have a happy class!A clear conscience 问心无愧问心无愧Lesson 45I lost a I lost a large sum large sum of money.of money.What should we do when we lost money.Someone must have stolen my money.The lostlostandandfoundfoundOnce a thief,always a thief.偷盗一次，做贼一世。Set a thief to catch a thief.以贼捉
2、贼。A thief is a thief,whether he steal a diamond or a cucumber.偷多偷少都是贼。A liar is worse than a thief.说谎比偷窃更可恶。A true man and a thief think not the same.君子与盗贼思想不同。some proverb on thievesFirst listen and then answer the question:How did Sam get his money back?Today,we are going to learn a story about a
3、man who steal a large sum of money.Listen and anwser:1.This story is about _.A.Sam BenthB.Sam BentonC.Benth2.Did he found his wallet outside his front door?A.Yes,he did B.No,he didnt3.How much money was sent to the owner in total?A.100 per cent B.25 per cent C.75 per cent Ask and answer:1.What had b
4、een lost in the village.2.Who lost the money?3.Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers,but was it returned to him?4.How long did the money begin to return back?5.How much money was contained in the newspaper?6.Was all the money returned back?New words and expression
5、s New words and expressions 生词生词和短语和短语1.clear adj.1.clear adj.klikli adj.adj.晴朗的晴朗的,清澈的；无愧的清澈的；无愧的,清白的；清白的；清楚的清楚的,明白的；畅通的明白的；畅通的,无阻的无阻的 adv.adv.清晰地清晰地,清楚地；完全清楚地；完全,一直一直 vi.vi.转晴转晴 vt.vt.扫除扫除,清除；清除；(从电脑中从电脑中)消除消除(数据数据)；证明证明无罪无罪;宣告宣告无罪无罪 conscience n.良心,道德心 I have a clear conscience.我问心无愧 a guilty/bad
6、 conscience 问心有愧(guilty adj.犯罪的,有罪的,心虚的)wallet n.皮夹,钱夹 (一般指的是男用的那种皮夹)purse n.钱包(女士用)billfold n.皮夹,钱包(美语)(意为纸币折叠形成的,很形象)savings n.存款 savings account 存款账号 deposit n.定金 deposit book,passbook 存折 overdraft,overdraw 透支 current deposit,current account 活期存款 fixed deposit,fixed account 定期存款 fixed deposit by
7、installments 零存整取难点:steal与rob的区别 steal与rob：steal为偷。rob为抢，用法不同:steal其后接物+from+某人、某地，rob其后接人+of+抢的物品 rob后接场所 rob a building 抢大楼(场所)rob a bank抢银行 rob a house抢房子The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.Sam Benton,the local butcher,had lost his wallet while taking his savings
8、 to the post office.1The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.主从复合句，主从复合句，that引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。（1）village在这里为总称，指在这里为总称，指“村村民民”，the whole village指指“全村的全村的人人”，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也可，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也可视为复数）视为复数）eg:这消息使全村的人兴奋。这消息使全村的人兴奋。The whole village was excited by the news.（2）learn在句
9、中的含义为在句中的含义为“获悉获悉”、“得知得知”：我刚刚得知她病了。我刚刚得知她病了。Ive just learnt that she was ill.3Sam Benton,the local butcher,had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.简单句。简单句。while 引导的现在分词作伴随引导的现在分词作伴随状语状语while he was taking his savings to the post office。现在分词这样用的。现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且前提是两个动
10、词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同时发生的这两个动作通常是同时发生的.他一边打扫房间一边听音乐。他一边打扫房间一边听音乐。He listened to music while cleaning the room.如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：我打扫房间时，他在听音乐我打扫房间时，他在听音乐He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers,but it was n
11、ot returned to him.Three months passed,and then one morning,Sam found his wallet outside his front door.4Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagersmust用于对过去已发生的事进行推测时，用于对过去已发生的事进行推测时，后面的动词要用完成式后面的动词要用完成式我到这儿的时候他已不在了。他一定早我到这儿的时候他已不在了。他一定早走了。走了。When I arrived,he wasnt he
12、re.He must have left early.It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost,together with a note which said:A thief,yes,but only 50 per cent a thief!5it contained half the money he had lost,我们既可以说我们既可以说 half the money，也可，也可以说以说 half of the money，它们可以互，它们可以互相替代，但是相替代，但是
13、money前都必须有前都必须有the，因为是指特定的钱。再如：因为是指特定的钱。再如：这面包有一半已变质了。这面包有一半已变质了。Half the bread/half of the bread was bad.In time,all Sams money was paid back in this way.The last note said:I am 100 per cent honest now!6In time,all Sams money was paid back in this way.含一般过去式的简单句。含一般过去式的简单句。（1）in time可以表示可以表示“经过一段时间
14、经过一段时间”或或“最终最终”、“迟早迟早”：我最终总有一天会把一切都告诉你我最终总有一天会把一切都告诉你的。的。Ill tell you everything in time.（2）in this way表示表示“用这样的方用这样的方式式”：必须注意你的拼写。必须注意你的拼写。这样你才能最终成为一个好秘书。这样你才能最终成为一个好秘书。You must pay attention to your spelling.In this way,you can become a good secretary in time.被动语态被动语态 被动语态的基本形式为助动词被动语态的基本形式为助动词be
15、+及及物动词的过去分词，即物动词的过去分词，即be done。被动。被动语态的不同时态是通过助动词语态的不同时态是通过助动词be的时态的时态变化来体现的，其人称和数方面应与主变化来体现的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。在初中阶段要求掌握八种语保持一致。在初中阶段要求掌握八种时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态，其具体变化为：语态，其具体变化为：一般现在时：一般现在时：amisare done一般过去时：一般过去时：waswere done现在完成时：现在完成时：have has been done过去完成时：过去完成时：had been done现在进行时
16、：现在进行时：amisare being done过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were being done一般将来时：一般将来时：shall will be done过去将来时：过去将来时：should would be done含情态动词：情态动词含情态动词：情态动词be done1)am/is/are+done(过去分词过去分词)一般现在时一般现在时2)has/have been done 现在完成时现在完成时 3)am/is/are being done 现在进行时现在进行时 4)was/were done 一般过去时一般过去时 5)had been done 过去完成时过去完成时
17、 Visitors are asked not to touch the exhibits.(展品）展品）All the preparations for the task have been completedA new cinema is being built hereI was given ten minutes to decide.By the end of last year,another new gym had been completed in Beijing.6)was/were being done 过去进行时过去进行时 7)shall/will be done 一般将来
18、时一般将来时 8）should/would be done 过去将来时过去将来时 被动语态的特殊结构形式被动语态的特殊结构形式 1）带情态动词的被动结构）带情态动词的被动结构其形式为：情态动词其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。过去分词。A meeting was being held when I was there.Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.The baby can be taken
19、 good care of by the baby-sitter.被动语态的否定式被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词在第一个助动词后加后加not构成。构成。We dont believe her.变被动变被动She is not believe by us.被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。例如：句尾加问号构成。例如：Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）Where _ vegetables _?(答案答案:were,grown)带双宾语的两种被动语态形式：带双宾语的两
20、种被动语态形式：把指人的间接宾语用作被动句的主把指人的间接宾语用作被动句的主语，如：语，如：She gave me a book.I was given a book by her.把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词to或或for,如：如：1)She gave me a book.A book was given to me by her.2).She bought me a present.A present was bought for me by her.练习练习:Her mother gave her a
21、 new pen（变被动）（变被动）A new pen _ _ _ her by her motherwas given to主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题 1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来的时态。如：主动语态原来的时态。如：She often cleans the house.The house is often cleaned by her.3)当当“动词动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.Some
22、one caught the boy smoking a cigarette(香烟）香烟）=The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词）在使役动词have,make,get以及以及感官动词感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等变为被动结构时，要加等变为被动结构时，要加toSomeone saw a stranger walk into the building=A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相当于及物动词的有些相当于及物动词的动词词组动
23、词词组，如如“动词介词动词介词”，“动词副词动词副词”等，等，也可以用于被动结构，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。The meeting is to be put off till Friday一、系动词一、系动词 taste,smell,feel,sound,prove等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如:1这些花闻起来很香。这些花闻起来很香。2那听起来很有道理。那听起来很有道理。3那食物尝起来很可口。那食物尝起来很可口。These flowers smell
24、 sweet.That sounds very reasonable.The food tastes delicious.二、某些与二、某些与 cant wont 等连用的不及物动等连用的不及物动词，如词，如move,lock,shut,open 等可用主动等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如：形式表达被动意义。如：1盒子不能移动。盒子不能移动。2门不会关。门不会关。The box cant move.The door wont shut.三、某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能三、某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如的不及物动词，如 sell,write,wash,clean,last(耐
25、久耐久),wear(耐穿耐穿),等可用主动形式表等可用主动形式表达被动意义达被动意义.如如:This kind of food sells well.这种食物畅销。这种食物畅销。This cloth washes well and lasts long.这布料经洗、耐穿。这布料经洗、耐穿。The floor doesnt clean easily.这地板不容易弄干净。这地板不容易弄干净。五、形容词五、形容词 worth 后面要用动名词的主后面要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如：动形式表示被动意义。如：1小说值得一读。小说值得一读。2事情值得做。事情值得做。The novel is worth
26、 reading.The thing is worth doing.四、在动词四、在动词 require,need,want 等动词之等动词之后，可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。后，可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。1树需要浇水。树需要浇水。2孩子需要照顾。孩子需要照顾。3电视机需要修理。电视机需要修理。The trees need watering.Children want looking after.The TV needs mending.六、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：六、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：1.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代
27、词构成动宾关系时，如：动宾关系时，如：我有许多事情要做。我有许多事情要做。他有几项任务要完成。他有几项任务要完成。I have a lot of things to do.He has several tasks to complete.2.在在“系动词系动词+形容词形容词+不定式不定式”结构中，结构中，常见句型有：常见句型有：1)n.+be+too+adj.+to do The plane is too high to see.2)n.+be+adj.+enough+to do The book is cheap enough for me to buy.3)n.+be+adj.+to do
28、 The question is not easy to answer.中考英语被动语态专项练习题中考英语被动语态专项练习题 1.The new computers_ 1.The new computers_ to the village school as to the village school as presents last month.presents last month.A.are given B.gave C.given D.A.are given B.gave C.given D.were givenwere given2.When _ this kind of 2.When _ this kind of computer_?computer_?-Last year.-Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;usedis;used D.are;used
