1、知识点 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【一、限制性定语从句一、限制性定语从句】所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少定语,如果去掉,主句就失去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号和主句分开。Do you remember the girl who taught us English?你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩吗？(如果把从句部分去掉,整个句子的含义就变了。)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【二、非限制性定语从句二、非限制性定语从句】非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切,只是对先行词做些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚
2、。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时须停顿，一般不用that引导。1.Mr.Zhang,who came to see me yesterday,is an old friend of mine.张先生昨天来看我，他是我的一位朋友。(去掉从句,主句的意义仍然完整:张先生是我的一位朋友。)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【二、非限制性定语从句二、非限制性定语从句】2.We walked down the village street,where they were having market day.我们沿着村里的大街向前走去，村民们正在那里赶集。(去掉从句,主句的意义仍然完整:我们沿着
3、村里的大街向前走去。)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开 用逗号“，”与主句隔开 意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语：“的 通常译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上作宾语时可省略可用that可用who代替 whom 不可省略不用that 不可用who代替whom限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别三、限制
4、性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】1、引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。That Peter will marry Alice,which has not been announced yet,has spread around.皮特要娶爱丽丝这件事，还没宣布，却已穿得沸沸扬扬。句中的which指代“皮特要娶爱丽丝”这件事。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】2、除which 外，还可用when,where,who,whom等关系副词或代词引导非限制性定语从句。Af
5、ter graduation,I decided to stay in Chongqing,where I spent my childhood and four years of college life.Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during the World War II,when Jews were badly treated in Germany.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】3、在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语时
6、，引导词可以省略，但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省，同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。The American journalist(whom/who)the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters.播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,whom he loved and respected as his own moth
7、er.他急于想去医院看望他的继母，他像对亲生母亲一样爱戴和尊敬她。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】4、有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。All the magazines here which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。（杂志有带图画和不带图画两类）All the magazines here,which have beautiful pictures in them,were
8、 written by him.所有的杂志都是他写的,里面都有漂亮的图画。（杂志只有一种）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】5、当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只用非限制性定语从句。Mr.Smith,who is our boss,will leave for Japan.Three of the biggest man-made projects in the world are the Great Wall of China,the Pyramids of Egypt and
9、 the Aswan High Dam,which is also in Egypt.世界上最大的三项人造工程是中国的长城，埃及的金字塔和阿斯旺高坝，它也在埃及。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】6、在of which/whom之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词。1）.I am doing different types of exercises,all of which are quite helpful to my health.2）.Many people,some of whom are not
10、overweight,are going on diets.3）.There are 54 students in my class,three of whom come from the US.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【四、非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：四、非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：】非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。1.I like the book,which was bought yesterday.我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。2.I like the book which/that was bought yesterday.我喜欢昨天买的那本书。限制性定语从句与
11、非限制性定语从句【四、非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：四、非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：】非限制性定语从句不能用why引导要用for which代替why。1.I had told them the reason,for which I didnt attend the meeting.我已经把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有去开会。2.I had told them the reason why I didnt attend the meeting.我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。(限制性定语从句“the reason why.”是常见搭配。)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【四、非限制性定语从句
12、应注意以下几点：四、非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：】非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。1.As I expected,he didnt believe me.正如我所预料的，他不相信我。2.She heard a terrible noise,which brought her heart into her mouth.她听到一个可怕的声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【四、非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：四、非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：】非限制性定语从句由“介词+关系
13、代词”引导时，其中的关系代词不能用as。1.He bought the car for more than$20,000,with which his father was angry.他花两万多美元买了这辆车，他父亲 对此很生气。2.I finished my work ahead of time,after which I sat some time reading the newspaper.我提前干完了我的活，随后我坐着看了会儿报纸。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【五、典型练习五、典型练习】1、Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist P
14、arty was founded?A.which B.that C.when D.on which 2、Smoking,_ is a bad habit,is,however,popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though 3、This machine,_for many years,is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 限制性定语从句与非限制性
15、定语从句【五、典型练习五、典型练习】4、I want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 5、Last summer we visited the West Lake,_Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【五、典型练习五、典型练习】Keys：1、C 2、B 3、B 4、C 5、A.解析：1、wh
16、en是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。2、which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句，Which指代的是Smoking。3、which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句【五、典型练习五、典型练习】4、as引导定语从句时通常构成suchas或the sameas固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语。5、for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固语be famous for“以而闻名”。
