1、一般现在时01一般将来时02一般过去时03现在进行时现在进行时现在进行时04时态现在进行时05现在完成时一般现在时用法1.表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2.常用频度副词sometimes,often,always,usually,seldom3.常用时间副词every day/night/week/month/year,in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening,at night做状语。如：He often goes to school on foot.他经常走路回家。4.表示客观真理或永恒的状态。如：The sun rises in the
2、 east.The sun sets in the west.太阳从东边升起，从西边落下。5.现阶段的状态。常跟时间副词now连用。如：He lives with his grandfather now.他现在跟奶奶住一起。6.习惯性的爱好或行为。如：I like dancing while she likes singing.我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。7.表示已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排，并且一定要做的事情。用于这种句型的动词主要是瞬间动词：come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open等。如：Are you on duty next
3、weekend?下周末你上班吗？一般现在时用法8.一般现在时时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中的谓语动词是将来的动作或状态时，用一般现在时表示。I will come to visit you when I have time.我有空就会来看你。9.一般现在时在某些习惯表达法中，常用一般现在时表示已经发生过的动作或存在的状态。They say Wu Dong is ill.据说吴东病了。一般现在时结构 一般现在时的结构肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式I work.Do you work?I dont work.Dont you work?You work.Do you work?You dont w
4、ork.Dont you work?We work.Do you work?We dont work.Dont you work?They work.Do they work?They dont work.Dont they work？He(She,It)works.Does he(she,it)work?He(She,It)doesnt work.Doesnt he(she,it)work?一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时动词变化规则 情况构成方法读音例词有规则变化1.一般情况加-s清辅音后读/s/，浊辅音后读/z/swim-swims help-helps like-likes2.以辅音字母
5、+o结尾的词加-es读/z/go-goes,do-does3.以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-es读/iz/watch-watcheswash-washesmiss-missesfix-fixes4.以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i，再加es读/z/study-studiescry-criestry-tries不规则变化be-am(I am)/is(she/he/it is)/are(you/they are);have-has一般将来时用法1.一般将来时：表示某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或状态。2.常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如tomorrow,next week,
6、next year,in the future等。3.由助动词shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称)+动词原形构成。或用主语+be动词+going to+动词原形4.在口语中，will常缩略为ll，will not常缩略为wont.5.在表示带有意愿色彩的将来时，常用助动词will.如：I will tell you all about it.6.在疑问句中，主语为第一人称(I 和 we)时，常用助动词shall.如：When shall we have the party?7.在书面语中，主语为第一人称(I 和 we)时，也常用助动词shall。如：I shall write yo
7、u a letter next week.但在口语中，所有助动词都用will，尤其是在美国。8.be going to+动词原形也可以表示将要发生的动作或安排、或打算、计划、决定要做的事。如：The Smiths are going to see a Peking opera this evening.They are going to play volleyball next week.Im going to be twenty next Tuesday.Where are you going to work?一般将来时构成句型构成例句肯定句主语+shall/will+动词原形I shall
8、 go to Beijing next week.She will go to Beijing next week.否定句主语+shall/will not+动词原形I shall not go to Beijing next week.She will not go to Beijing next week.一般疑问句Shall/Will+主语+动词原形Shall we go to Beijing next week?Will she go to Beijing next week?特殊疑问句疑问代词/疑问副词+shall/will+主语+动词原形When shall we go to Be
9、ijing?When will she go to Beijing?一般过去时用法1.表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或者存在的状态。2.常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last night,in 1990,two days ago等。例如：He got up at 6:30 yesterday.I visited my grandparents last week.3.构成如下表：动词肯定式否定式beI/He/She was at home yesterdayWe/You/They were at home yesterdayI/He/She was not(was
10、nt)at home yesterday.We/You/They were not(werent)at home yesterday.WorkI/You/He/She/We/They worked in a hospital last year.I/You/He/She/We/They did not work in a hospital last year.一般过去时构成动词疑问式和简略答语beWas I late yesterday?Yes,you were.No,you were not(werent).Were you late yesterday?Yes,you were.No,yo
11、u were not(werent).Was he/she late yesterday?Yes,he/she was.No,he/she was not(wasnt).Were we early yesterday?Yes,we/you were.No,we/you were not(werent).Were you early yesterday?Yes,we were.No,we were not(werent).Were they early yesterday?Yes,they were.No,they were not(werent).workDid I work last nig
12、ht?Yes,you did.No,you did not(didnt).Did you work last night?Yes,I did.No,I did not(didnt).Did he/she work last night?Yes,he/she did.No,he/she did not(didnt).Did we work last week?Yes,we/you did.No,we/you did not(didnt).Did you work last week?Yes,we did.No,we did not(didnt).Did they work last week?Y
13、es,they did.No,they did not(didnt).现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或者发生的动作。如：The students are listening to the teacher.He is watching TV now.2.也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或者现阶段正在进行的动作。如：We are working on a farm these days.Im reading a history book this month.2.现在进行时是由助动词be(am/is/are)加动词-ing形式构成的，以动词work为例，现在进行时的肯定式，否定
14、式，疑问式和简略答语如下：肯定式否定式I am working.He/She is working.We/You/They are working.I am not working.He/She is not working.We/You/They are not working.现在进行时疑问式和简略答语Am I working?Yes,you are.No,you are not(arent).Are we working?Yes,we are.No,we are not(arent).Are you working?Yes,I am.No,I am not.Are you working
15、?Yes,we are.No,we are not(arent).Is he/she working?Yes,he/she is.No,he/she is not(isnt).Are they working?Yes,they are.No,they are not(arent).现在进行时-动词ing形式的构成类别构成方法读音一般情况加-ingGo-going Ask-askingLook-looking以不发间e字母结尾的动词去掉e，再加-ingWrite-writingMake-makingTake-taking以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写这个辅音字母，再加ingGe
16、t-gettingSit-sittingPut-puttingRun-runningBegin-beginning现在完成时1.构成：助动词have(has)+过去分词。现在完成时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式以及简略答语列表如下：注意：have not 常简略为：havent,has not 常简略为：hasnt肯定式否定式I/You have finished.He/She/It has finished.We/You/They have finished.I/You have not finished.He/She/It has not finished.We/You/They have no
17、t finished.疑问式和简略回答Have I/You finished?Has he/she/it finished?Have we/you/they finished?Yes,you/I have.Yes,he/she/it have.Yes,you/we/they have.No,you/I have not.No,he/she/it have not.No,you/we/they have not.现在完成时用法用法例句表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果-Have you had your lunch yet?-Yes,I have.Ive just had it.
18、(现在我不饿了）-Have you read Little Women yet?-No,I havent.(我对读书不了解)某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（包括”现在”在内）的动作或状态，可以和表示继续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。I havent seen her these days.Ive known Bob for three years.Ive been at this school for over two years.They have lived here since 1996.How long have you worke
19、d in this library?She has taught us since I came to this school.现在完成时用法用法例句现在完成时可以和already,never,even,just,before,yet等连用I have already taught him some English.John has never been to the space museum.Have you ever been to a zoo at night?My boy has just started junior high school.Ive never been to the
20、 water park before.Have you decided which book to write about yet?have(has)been 和 have(has)gone 的区别：have(has)been 表示“曾经到过某地”.have(has)gone 表示“已经去某地了”。Where has he been?他刚才去哪儿了?(他已经回来了。）Where has he gone?他到哪儿去了？（他不在这里。）She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海。(她已不在上海了。）She has gone to Shanghai.她到上海去了。（她可能已在去上海
21、的路上，或已到上海。总之，现在不在这里。）现在完成时用法注意：1.非延续性动词在否定结构中可用现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。如：I havent bought anything for two months.2.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：yesterday,last night,three weeks ago,in 1990等。而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系，它可以和上述表示过去的时间状语连用。如：I have seen the film.我看过这部
22、电影。（我了解这部电影的内容。）I saw the film last week.我上星期看了这部电影。（只说明上星期看了这部电影，不涉及现在的情况。）He has lived here since 1992.1992年以来他一直住在这里。（他现在还住在这里。）He lived here in 1992.1992年他住在这里。（不涉及他现在是否还住在这里。）动词过去式和过去分词的构成分成规则和不规则两类类别构成方法例词与读音一般情况加-edLook-lookedPlay-playedStart-started以e结尾的动词加-dLive-livedHope-hopedUse-used以重读闭音
23、节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音双写这个辅音字母，再加-edStop-stoppedPlan-planned以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-edStudy-studiedCarry-carriedWorry-worried动词过去式、过去分词的规则变化：动词过去式和过去分词的不规则变化动词过去式、过去分词的不规则变化(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）：一、AAA型（原形 原形 原形）二.ABA型（原形过去式原形）原形过去式过去分词中文cutcutcut切，割letletlet让putputput放costcostcost花费，值hithithit撞，击setsetset安排，安置hu
24、rthurthurt伤害castcastcast抛原形过去式过去分词中文becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来runranrun跑步throwthrewthrow扔英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）三.ABC型1.ow-ew-own原形过去式过去分词中文blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn画growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道2.i-a-u原形过去式过去分词中文beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱sw
25、imswamswum游泳ringrangrung打电话英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）三.ABC型3.原形-过去式-过去式+(e)n原形过去式过去分词中文wearworeworn穿forgetforgotforgotten忘记speakspokespoken讲freezefrozefrozen冻choosechosechosen选择drivedrovedriven驾驶mistakemistookmistaken误会riseroserisen上升shakeshookshaken摇breakbrokebroken打破4.原形-
26、过去式-原形+(e)n原形过去式过去分词中文eatateeaten吃forbidforbadeforbiden禁止givegavegiven给rideroderiden骑seesawseen看见writewrotewritten写fallfellfallen落下forgiveforgaveforgiven原谅英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）三.ABC型四.ABB型5.无规则原形过去式过去分词中文am/iswasbeen是arewerebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone走taketooktaken拿1.原形-
27、ought-ought原形过去式过去分词中文bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考seeksoughtsought寻求英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）四.ABB型2.原形-aught-aught原形过去式过去分词中文catchcaughtcaught捉，抓teachtaughttaught教3.变其中一个元音原形过去式过去分词中文feedfedfed喂meetmetmet遇见getgotgot得到holdhe
28、ldheld拥有babysitbabysatbabysat临时照看sitsatsat坐3.变其中一个元音（续上）winwonwon赢findfoundfound找到bendbentbent弯曲digdugdug挖leadledled引导sellsoldsold卖英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）四.ABB型4.原形-t-t原形过去式过去分词中文feelfeltfelt感觉keepkeptkept保持leaveleftleft离开sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫smellsmeltsmelt闻，
29、发出气味retellretoldretold复述5.变其中一个辅音字母原形过去式过去分词中文buildbuiltbuilt建造hearheardheard听见makemademade制造meanmeantmeant意思sendsentsent送，寄spendspentspent花费dealdealtdealt处理rebuildrebuiltrebuilt重建lendlentlent借英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）四.ABB型五.AAB型辅音字母和元音字母都变原形过去式过去分词中文havehadhad有laylaidlai
30、d放置loselostlost丢失paypaidpaid付钱saysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉standstoodstood站misunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstood误解shootshotshot开枪understandunderstoodunderstood理解原形过去式过去分词中文beatbeatbeaten打败英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）六.有两种形式原形过去式过去分词中文bearboreborn承担，生borebornehangh
31、angedhanged吊死,挂hunghunglearnlearnedlearned学learntlearntlieliedlied说谎，躺laylainshowshowedshoed给.看showedshownspellspelledspelled拼写speltspelt原形过去式过去分词中文burnburnedburned烧burntburntsmellsmelledsmelled闻smeltsmeltshineshinedshined照耀shoneshonedreamdreameddreamed做梦dreamtdreamtwakewakedwaked醒wokewokenhidehidhi
32、d躲藏hidhiden英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：(以下为部分单词，平时要多做练习积累）六.有两种形式原形过去式过去分词中文bitebitbit咬bitbittenlightlightedlighted点着litlitproveprovedproved证明provedprovenquitquitquit放弃quitedquitedridridrid免除，去掉riddedriddedsawsawedsawed锯sawedsawn原形过去式过去分词中文sewsewedsewed缝纫sewedsewnshineshoneshone发光，闪亮shinedshine
33、dsinksanksunk下沉sunksunkensowsowedsowed种植sowedsownspitspatspat吐spitspitspringsprangsprung跳跃sprungsprungwetwetwet浸湿，弄湿wettedwetted英语中动词过去式的构成分成规则和不规则两类动词过去式的不规则变化：七.情态动词原形过去式过去分词中文cancould/能maymight/也许，可以must/必须shallshould/将要willwould/会，将要练习1.Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open se
34、a,which the Pacific,and we met no storms.A.was calledB.is calledC.had been calledD.has been called2.-What would you do if it tomorrow?-We have to carry it on,since weve got everything ready.A.rainB.rains C.will rainD.is raining3.I pin-pon quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year.A
35、.will playB.have playedC.playedD.play4.-You are drinking too much.-Only at home.No one me but you.A.is seeingB.had seenC.seesD.saw5.It long before we the result of the experiment.A.will not be,will know B.is,will know C.will not be,know D.is;know6.-What are you going to do this afternoon?-I am going
36、 to the cinema with some friends.The film quite early,so we to the bookstore after that.A.finished,are going B.finished,go C.finishes,are going D.finishes,go练习7.I will tell him as soon as he back.A.comeB.comesC.will comeD.came8.Mary on shoes when she them.A.tries.buysB.tries.buiesC.trys.busD.trys.bu
37、ies9.The girl often cold when she .A.cathes.dancesB.catches.dancesC.catchs.dancesD.catches.dancee10.he himself there?No,I dont think so.A.Do.enjoyB.Does.enjoies C.Does.enjoys D.Does.enjoy11.your teacher from them very often?Certainly.A.Do.hear B.Does.hear C.Do.receive D.Does.receive12.Look,they a go
38、od time,they?A.have.do B.have.dont C.are having.are D.are having.arent13.He some cooking at that time,so me.A.did.heard B.did.didnt hear C.was doing.heard D.was doing.didnt hear练习题答案1.A 考被动语态的一般过去时2.B 考一般现在时：一般现在时时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中的谓语动词是将来的动作或状态时，用一般现在时表示3.D 考一般现在时：习惯性的爱好或行为用一般现在时4.C 考一般现在时：表示经常发生的动作，
39、不过此动作是否定形式。也可用排除法。see是一个瞬间的动作，一般不跟进行时搭配5.C 考一般现在时：一般现在时时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中的谓语动词是将来的动作或状态时，用一般现在时表示。6.C 考一般现在时：因为电影结束的早是一个客观事实，所以用一般现在时，而我们在那之后去书店，因为整个对话整体是用一般将来时，则很明显用一般将来时7.B 考一般现在时：一般现在时时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中的谓语动词是将来的动作或状态时，用一般现在时表示。8.A 考一般现在时：try的第三人称单数是把y变i加es变成tries,buy的第三人称单数是直接加s变成buys9.B 考一般现在时：catch的第三人称单数是加es变成catches,dance的第三人称单数是直接加s变成dances10.D 考一般现在时的疑问句：主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用does，实义动词变成原形11.B 考一般现在时的疑问句：主语teacher是第三人称单数，助动词用does，再考hear from的意思，是收到.的来信12.D 考反意疑问句，前面肯定，后面否定13.D 考过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作Thank you!
