1、过去分词的构成过去分词的构成1.直接加直接加-ed。如：。如：play-played2.以字母以字母e结尾的直接加结尾的直接加d。如：。如：name-named3.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的，变结尾的，变y为为i加加ed。如：。如：carry-carried4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加这个辅音字母再加-ed。如：。如：stop-stopped5.不规则变化不规则变化 AAA,ABB,ABC,AAB,ABA结构结构1.Ive already had dinner.I _ _ dinner _.2.He has just f
2、inished his homework.He _ _ his homework _.3.Mums cooked the dinner.Mum _ _ the dinner.4.Susans learned English at school.Susan _ _ English at school.haventhadyethasnt finishedyethasnt cookedhasntlearned把下列句子改为否定句1.Ive already had dinner.2.He has just finished his homework.3.Mums cooked the dinner.4
3、.Susans learned English at school.Have you already had dinner?Has he just finished his homework?Has mum cooked the dinner?Has Susan learned English at school?把下列句子改为一般疑问句1)表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。Now we have planted all the trees.He has just come back.They have built many buildings i
4、n this city.现在完成时的用法2)表示过去发生的动作表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。强调结果或对现在的影响。Someone has broken the window.(窗户现在是坏的窗户现在是坏的)I have already lost the key.(我现在没有钥匙我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book yet.(不了解书的内容不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands.(手是干净的手是干净的)在以上两种用法中常跟在以上两种用法中常跟already,yet,never,just,ever,before,recen
5、tly等时间继续下去等时间继续下去的状语。的状语。3)表示过去已经开始表示过去已经开始,持续到现在持续到现在,也许还会继续下去也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。连用。She has learned English for 5 years.He has lived in Beijing since he was born.Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?since 用来说明动作起始时间用来说明动作起始时间 “自从自从”for用来说明动作延续时间长度用来说明动作延续时间长度 “
6、长达长达”I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company since 1949.I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比较比较since和和for注意：并非有注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时 I worked here for more than twenty years.(我现在已不在这里工作。我现在已不在这里工
7、作。)I have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。现在我仍在这里工作。)选用选用for和和since填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several ye
8、ars.6.Its five years _ we met last timeforsinceforsinceforsince注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuymethod 1:动作动作 状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish joinmarrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演）上演）be married be in be dead1.他的爷爷已经去世他的爷爷已经去世2年了。年了。2
9、.Nick 参军参军3年了年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了这本书我已借了4个月了个月了.His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.Nick has been in the army for 3 years.He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.I have kept the book for 4 months.method 2:It has been+时间段 since+一般过去时的句子.1.他的爷爷已经去世他的爷爷已经去世2年了。年了。2.Nick 参军参军3年了
10、年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了这本书我已借了4个月了个月了.It has been2 years since his grandpa died.It has been 3 years since Nick joined the army.It has been a long time since he left Shenzhen.It has been 4 months since I borrowed the book.1.He died 10 years ago.-He has been dead for 10 years/since 10 yea
11、rs ago.2.He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.-He has kept the book for 2 weeks.3.He bought the motorbike a month ago.-He has had the motorbike for a month.4.He arrived here three days ago.-He has been here since three days ago.5.They turned on the light 2 hours ago.-The light has been on for 2 hours.He
12、 has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾经曾经)去过上海。去过上海。比较比较 have/has been to have/has gone to 1）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作情，强调动作；现在完成时现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调看的动作发生过
13、了。）I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）2）一般过去时一般过去时 常与具体的表示过去的时间状常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用语连用;现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,last week，ago,in1990,in October,just now,-具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语:for,since,so far,ever,never
14、,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in the past few years,recently,-模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we_(do)that already.When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it an hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film yet?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?He _ it last week.3.How many times _you_(come)here?Once.Havecleanedhave donediddod
15、idHasseendidseesawhavecome过去完成时由过去完成时由had+过去分词构成过去分词构成 表示表示过去的过去过去的过去发发生的动作生的动作 构成方式构成方式:肯定句肯定句:had done 否定句否定句:had not done一般疑问句一般疑问句:Had+主语主语+done+其他其他肯定回答肯定回答:Yes,主语主语+had.否定回答否定回答:No,主语主语+hadnt.I had finished my homework before my mother came home.My mother came home after I had finished my home
16、work.IShe went home after she had typed the letter.She had typed the letter before she went home.sheHe had sold his old car before he bought another car.heHe bought another car after he had sold his old car.He had dusted everything before he swept the floor.heHe swept the floor after he had dusted e
17、verything.She had boiled the milk before she drank it.sheShe drank the milk after she had boiled it.She had seen the programme before she turned off the television.heShe turned off the television after she had seen the programme.He had done his homework before he went to bed.heHe went to bed after h
18、e had done his homework.在他们到达饭店之前，他们已经吃过早饭了。They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.今天早上十点前她已经写完作文了。She had finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning.过去完成时的判断依据过去完成时的判断依据:1.由由时间状语时间状语来判定：一般说来，各种时来判定：一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：的时间状语有：(1)b
19、y+过去的时间点。如：过去的时间点。如：昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.(2)by the end of+过去的时间点。如：过去的时间点。如：截止到上学期末，我们已经学了两千多个英文单词了。截止到上学期末，我们已经学了两千多个英文单词了。We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.(3)before+过去的时间点。如：过去的时间点。如：上周三
20、以前他们已经上周三以前他们已经种种了六百棵树了。了六百棵树了。They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2.由由“过去的过去过去的过去”来判定：来判定：两个两个动作有先后关系，动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：种用法常出现在：(1)宾语从句中宾语从句中:当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时时。在。在told,said,
21、knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾等动词后的宾语从句。如：语从句。如：她说她以前看过这电影。她说她以前看过这电影。She said that she had seen the film before.(2)状语从句中，状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般，动作在后的要用一般过去时。过去时。如：如：当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。When I got to the station,the train had already left.他完成作业
22、以后，就上床睡觉了。他完成作业以后，就上床睡觉了。After he had finished his homework,he went to bed.(3)表示意向的动词，如表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示等，用过去完成时表示”原原本本，未能，未能我们原本希望你会来，但你没来。我们原本希望你会来，但你没来。We had hoped that you would come,but you didnt.3.根据上、下文来判定。根据上、下文来判定。昨天我在街上见到了王涛，自从他来到北京后昨天我在街上见到了王涛，
23、自从他来到北京后我们还没见过面。我们还没见过面。I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday.We hadnt seen each other since he came to Beijing.1.He told me he _(meet)her before.2.She thanked me for what I _(do)for her son.3.I _(learn)300 words by the end of last month.4.He _(leave)his office when I arrived there.5.She _(visit)th
24、e city three times before she died in 1997.6.They knew she _(borrow)a lot of money for her daughter.had methad donehad learnthad lefthad visitedhad borrowed1.他来我们学校之前已经在那所学校工作了三年.2.当Millie到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始了半个小时了.3.自从他离开南京我们就一直没有见过面.He had worked in that school for three years before he came to our sch
25、ool.The film had already been on for half an hour when Millie got to the cinema.We havent seen each other since he left Nanjing.4.到上学期末,我们已经学历4000多个单词.By the end of last term,we had learnt over 4,000 words.5.到上个月底,你看了多少部英文电影?How many English films had you seen by the end of last month?6.今天上午十点钟前,他已完
26、成了这项工作。He had finished the work before ten oclock this morning.7.在我妈妈回来之前,我已经完成了作业。I had already finished my homework before my mother returned.现在现在完成时现在完成时Present Perfect过去完成时过去完成时Past Perfecthave/has+done?will+have+done?had+done?We will have taken 5 examsby next Friday.现在现在next Friday到明年年底之前，到明年年底
27、之前，我就将学过我就将学过8000个单词了。个单词了。I _ by the end of next year.will have learned 8000 words Wen jiabao _ in China as a premier_when_到明年他退休的时候，温家宝到明年他退休的时候，温家宝做中国的总理就满做中国的总理就满10年了。年了。will have workedfor 10 yearshe retires next year.By five oclock this afternoon the spaceship will have traveled 10 times round
28、 the world.重复事件：将来某一时刻之前开始的动作，并在该时刻内重复发生。We will have taken 5 exams by next Friday.We will have finished our exam by next Friday.单一事件：将来某一时刻前单一事件：将来某一时刻前开始的动作，到该时刻之前开始的动作，到该时刻之前已经完成。已经完成。Fill in the blanks I began to teach in New Oriental School in 2012.This year is 2016.So far I _(teach)here for 4 years.By 2014,I_(teach)for 2 years.By 2018,I _(teach)for 6 years.will have taughthave taughthad taughtThank you for listening！
