1、语法专题8-连词考查内容连词的分类连词固定句型连词的辨析连词的分类并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词1.1.表顺承或并列关系表顺承或并列关系:both.and,as well as，neither.nor.not only.but also.等2.2.表转折关系表转折关系:but,yet，while等3.3.表选择关系：表选择关系：or，either.or.等4.4.表因果关系表因果关系:so，for等1.1.引导时间状语从句的连词：引导时间状语从句的连词：after，before,when,as soon as,since等2.2.引导原因状语从句的连词：引导原因状语从句的连词：because
2、，as，since 等3.3.引导目的状语从句的连词：引导目的状语从句的连词：so that，in order that等4.4.引导结果状语从句的连词：引导结果状语从句的连词：so.that,such.that等5.5.引导条件状语从句的连词：引导条件状语从句的连词：if，unless等6.6.引导让步状语从句的连词：引导让步状语从句的连词：though，although，even if/though等7.7.引导比较状语从句的连词引导比较状语从句的连词:than,as.as等8.8.引导地点状语从句的连词：引导地点状语从句的连词：where,wherever等分类分类连词连词例句例句并并列
3、列关关系系and（和）-变否定时，变否定时，and改为改为orboth.and（既又）-谓语动词复数谓语动词复数not only.but also（不但而且）neither.nor（既不也不）Mr.Brown is not only our teacher but also our friend.布朗先生不仅是我们的老师，而且是我们的朋友。转转折折关关系系but（但是）,however（然而）,while（然而）He is very young,but he knows a lot.他虽然很小，但是知道很多。因因果果关关系系so（因此）,because（因为）,for（因为）Bill does
4、nt come to school because he is ill.比尔今天没来上学是因为他生病了。选选择择关关系系or（还是）either.or（或者或者）-就近原则就近原则Nick is either in London or in Paris.尼克不是在伦敦就是在巴黎。一、并列连词就近就近一、并列连词1.两对“冤家对头”不能同时出现在一个句子中:although/though与but；because与so。2.and和or的区分(1)and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。eg:I like bread and milk for breakfast.我早餐喜欢吃面包和喝牛奶
5、。I dont like bread or milk for breakfast.我早餐不喜欢吃面包，喝牛奶。Would you like some tea or coffee?你喜欢喝茶还是咖啡？(2)否定句中两部分都有否定词时用and连接。eg:Bill has no brothers and no sisters.=Bill has no brothers or sisters.比尔没有兄弟姐妹一、并列连词(3)句中含有without时，肯定句中用or，否定句中用and。eg:We cant live without air and water.没有空气和水，我们无法生存。We ll d
6、ie without air or water.没有空气和水，我们就会死亡。(4)and与or(表示“否则”)都可以与if引导的条件状语从句引导的条件状语从句转换。eg:Get up quickly,or youll be late for school.=If you dont get up quickly,youll be late for school.快点起床，否则你上学会迟到。Work hard,and youll get good grades.=If you work hard,youll get good grades.努力学习，你会取得好成绩。二、从属连词1.引导时间状语从句
7、的连词：引导时间状语从句的连词：after，before，when，while，as soon as，sinceafter“在在.之后之后”eg：I went to bed after I finished my homework.before“在在.之前之前”eg：I will stay here before my father comes back.when 和和while 均意为均意为“当当的时候的时候”。when既可以引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。而while引导的动作必须是持续性的。eg：She will smile when you praise her.Can you l
8、ook after my pet dog while I am away？含有when引导的时间状语从句中，若主句是一般将来时一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时一般现在时表将来时将来时。eg：I will go with you when I finish my work.as soon as 意为：意为：“一一.就就.”,若若主句是一般将来时主句是一般将来时，从句要用，从句要用一般现在时一般现在时表表将来时将来时。eg:I will call you as soon as I get there.我一到那儿就会给你打电话。since“自从自从.而来而来”，主句为现在完成时，从句是过去式。，主句为
9、现在完成时，从句是过去式。eg：It has been six years since I began to study English.二、从属连词2.引导原因状语从句的连词：引导原因状语从句的连词：because，as，since等eg：She didnt go there,because she was ill.3.引导目的状语从句的连词：引导目的状语从句的连词：so that，in order that等eg：She got up early so that she could catch the early bus.4.引导结果状语从句的连词：so.that,such.thatsuc
10、h 修饰名词名词such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数such+adj+不可数名词/可数名词复数that 从句so修饰形容词形容词/副词副词so+adj/adv+that 从句eg：He is such a clever boy that we all like him.=He is so clever a boy that we all like him.二、从属连词5.引导条件状语从句的连词：引导条件状语从句的连词：if 如果，unless除非等eg：If it is fine tomorrow,we will go to the park.6.引导地点状语从句的连词：引导地点状语从句的
11、连词：where,wherever等eg：You can go wherever you like.7.引导让步状语从句的连词：引导让步状语从句的连词：though，although，even if，even thougheg：Though it is rainning hard,we must get there on time.8.引导比较状语从句的连词：引导比较状语从句的连词：than，as.aseg:He is better at English than I.9.引导宾语从句的连词that 连接由陈述句转变成的宾语从句。eg:I am glad that you are ready
12、to help others.if,whether 引导从疑问句转变成宾语从句，一般情况下，if与whether可互换二、从属连词只能用whether而不用if的情况：与动词不定式连用时eg：I dont know whether to go.在介词后作宾语时eg：Im worried about whether she can come here on time.在主语从句（位于句首），表语从句和同位语从句之中eg：Whether we will go to park depend on the weather.与or not 直接连用eg：I dont know whether or no
13、t this idea can be put into practice.在动词 discuss后的宾语从句中eg：We are discussing whether we will hold a sports meeting.三、连词的固定句型1.not.until/till表示“直到.才.”,not 可以由 never，nobody，few，little，seldom，hardly等否定词连用。eg：We didnt recognize them until they get close.Dont put off what you can do today until/till tomor
14、row.=Never put off what you can do today until/till tomorrow.2.It is/has been+一段时间一段时间+since+从句，表示从句，表示“自从自从.过了多久时间过了多久时间”如果since从句的谓语动词时瞬间动词瞬间动词时，表示时间从动作开始的那一个时刻从动作开始的那一个时刻算起。eg：It has been ten years since he leaf Beijing.自从他离开北京已经10年了。如果since从句的谓语动词时延续性动词延续性动词时，表示时间从持续性动作结束时从持续性动作结束时算起。eg：It is a
15、long time since he smoked.他戒烟已经很长时间了。三、连词的固定句型3.It was/will be+一段时间一段时间+before 从句从句 表示表示“过了很长时间之后才过了很长时间之后才.”在这句型，若主句用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。eg：It was long before thery found their son.在这句型，若主句用一般将来时，从句也用一般现在时。eg:It will be a year before her husband comes back.四、连词的辨析1.when，while与as的区别易混词易混词用法用法例句例句when可表示
16、瞬间瞬间，也可表示一段时间一段时间。主句与从句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。When I come home，my mother was cooking dinner.当我回家时，我妈妈在做晚饭while表示一段时间一段时间或一个过程一个过程，只和延续性动词连用延续性动词连用，强调主句的动词与从句的动词表示的动作和状态是同时发生的，常对同类的两个动作进行对比Please write while I read.我读的时候，请跟着写。as可与while互换，但as着重指主从句的动作同时发生同时发生，而不是一前一后，可翻译为“一边一边.一边一边.”They talked as they wal
17、ked.他们边走边谈。四、连词的辨析2.because，for，since与as的区别易混词易混词用法用法例句例句because表示原因和理由原因和理由，强调直接原因直接原因和因果关系，它所引导的从句通常放在主句之后。I like eat vegetable because it is healthy.我喜欢吃蔬菜因为非常健康。for并列连词，表示间接的原因和理由间接的原因和理由，或对前一分句中事实的解释，for连连接的分句不放在句首接的分句不放在句首。Miss Li cant be in the office,for the door is lock.李老师不可能在办公室，因为门是锁着的。s
18、ince表示原因时，语气比语气比because弱，但弱，但是比是比as强强。他一般不表示根本或直接的原因，而是一种已知的、显然的理由，作“既然”讲时，常位于句首常位于句首Since everybody is here，lets begin our meeting.既然大家都在这儿，咱们开始开会吧。as表示原因时语气比because弱弱，表示不可言喻，显而易见的原因，多置多置于句首。于句首。As you were out，I left a message.你不在，所以我留下了口信。四、连词的辨析3.as与like 的区别易混词易混词用法用法例句例句as意为“当当.时，随着，照时，随着，照.方式；
19、因方式；因为为”All the students do as the teacher says.所有学生都按照老师说的做。like用于说明相似关系相似关系，表示两者有相似之处，但并不等同He works like a horse does.他像马那样干活。1.The man was so tired,_ he still went on working.A.so B.but C.or D.and【解析】选B。由句意：那个人是那么累，但是他仍然继续工作。可知前后两句存在转折关系，故选B。2.The boy is _ clever that everybody _ him.A.such;likes
20、 B.so;likes C.so;like【解析】选B。由that前clever是形容词故用so修饰；everybody作主语时谓语动词用单数，故选B。3.I hear _ your grandpa _ your grandma like watching Beijing Opera.Right,just as many old people do in our city.A.both;and B.either;orC.neither;nor D.not only;but also【解析】选A。由谓语动词like是复数可知并列连词是both.and。其他三个选项的并列连词连接并列主语时，谓语动
21、词与最近的主语保持一致，故选A。练一练练一练4._ Lisa _ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay home to take care of the dog.A.Not only；but also B.Neither；nor C.Both；and D.Either；or【解析】选D。not only.but also不但而且;neither.nor既不也不;both.and.两者都。由后半句句意“因为她们中的一个必须在家里照看狗”可知，两个人只能去一个，因此应用either.or连接两个并列的主语。5.Mom,when sha
22、ll we go to Weifang Museum this weekend?Oh,sorry.Im going to Beijing for a meeting._ Saturday _ Sunday is OK.A.Neither;nor B.Both;andC.Either;or D.Not only;but also【解析】选A。句意：妈妈，我们这个周末何时去潍坊博物馆啊？哦，对不起。我将去北京开会。周六和周日都不行。neither.nor 既不也不。故选A。6.（2011宜宾中考）He didnt go to school yesterday _ he was ill.A.beca
23、use B.because of C.if D.so【解析】选A。由句中前后两部分的意思可知，后半部分在表明前面“没有上学”的原因，排除C与D项；because后跟句子而because of后跟单词或短语。故选A。7.Dont forget to wash hands _ you have meals.A.before B.until C.through D.unless【解析】选A。句意：你别忘了饭前洗手。before在之前。故选A。8.What was your brother doing at this time yesterday?He was reading a magazine _
24、 I was writing an e-mail at home.A.as soon as B.afterC.until D.while【解析】选D。as soon as一就；after在之后；until直到为止；while当的时候，和同时。由答语句意“他在家读杂志而我在写电子邮件”可知，两个动作同时进行，故选D。9.How do you like the story?Interesting,_ the end of it is not perfect.A.so B.though C.or D.because【解析】选B。though“虽然；尽管”，根据答句句意“很有意思，尽管结局不完美。”可
25、作出判断。10.I hear the famous singer Xu Song may come to Ningbo next month.Really?_ he comes,my younger sister will be very excited.A.If B.Until C.Unless D.Before【解析】选A。until直到为止；unless除非；before在之前；if如果。由答语“是吗？如果他来了，我妹妹将会很兴奋。”可知，应选A。11I dont have to introduce him to you _ you know the boy.Auntil Bunless Csince Dbut【解析】until“直到”；unless“除非”；since“既然”；but“但是”。根据句意答案只能选C。12Jane,please turn off the lights _ you leave the classroom.Aafter Bbefore Cuntil Dbut【解析】根据句意“在离开教室前请关掉灯”，故答案选B。THANKS
