1、中考写作强化系列之写作基本句型训练学习目标重难点：1.掌握五种基本句型的基本用法。2.掌握五种基本句型的用法区别英语句子结构1.为何分析句子结构？1.看懂句子，提高阅读句子的能力。2.什么是句子结构？词按照一定语法结构组成。为什么有的词放在句前，有的放在句后。经典例题He is very like playing games.His English very well.经典例题He is very like playing games.His English very well.对于英语结构，我们需要掌握？1.有词类的概念-单词是什么词性？名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、冠词、介词、连词
2、、感叹词 2.学会简单句五种基本句型及句子成分分析英语词类词类：单词的类别 根据是否在句子中担任成分分为两类：1.实词：名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词2.虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词火眼金睛-写出词性及意思1.appear2.cause3.certain4.curious5.expert6.fear7.formal8.frightened9.light10.notice11.last12.pleased13.practice14.review15.reward16.promise17.scare18.treat19.volunteer20.wonder21.serve22.value2
3、3.supply24.offer火眼金睛-写出词性及意思1.appear-v.出现;呈现2.cause-n.原因;理由v.引起3.certain-adj.确实;某些；pron某些4.curious-adj.好奇的;5.expert-n.专家;adj.熟练的，专家的6.fear-n.害怕;v.畏惧;7.formal-adj.正式的8.frightened-adj.惊吓的;火眼金睛-写出词性及意思9.light-n.光；adj.轻的；v.点燃10.notice-n.通告；v.注意11.last-adj.最后的；v.持续；12.pleased-adj.高兴;13.practice-n.实践;v.练习
4、;14.review-n.评价；v.复习15.reward-n.回报v.奖励16.promise-n.承诺；v.答应火眼金睛-写出词性及意思17.scare-v.惊吓;n.恐慌18.treat-v.治疗;款待n.款待19.volunteer-n.志愿者；v.自愿做20.wonder-v.想知道；n.奇迹奇观21.serve-v.服务22.value-n.价值；v.珍惜23.supply-n.供应量；v.供应24.offer-v.主动提出；n.出价；词性活用-短文填词1.Tom had a _(please)trip to Xiamen.2.He always does good things
5、to others,so the teacher speaks_(high)of him.3.We are_(deep)moved by the story.4.Xiamen is one of the most_(wonder)places to spend summer.5.The room must_(clean)three times a day.词性活用-短文填词6.Youd better take a map with you,or you may get_(lose).7.You can make a _(choose)among those subjects.8.Her par
6、ents are_(pride)of what he has done for children.词性活用-短文填词9.Most students can go to high school for further_(educate)in our country.10.The air in this room is not fresh.Would you mind keeping the windows_(open)?词性活用-短文填词1.Tom had a pleasant(please)trip to Xiamen.2.He always does good things to other
7、s,so the teacher speaks highly(high)of him.3.We are deeply(deep)moved by the story.4.Xiamen is one of the most wonderfulplaces to spend summer.5.The room must be cleaned three times a day.词性活用-短文填词6.Youd better take a map with you,or you may get lost 7.You can make a choice among those subjects.8.He
8、r parents are proud of what he has done for children.词性活用-短文填词9.Most students can go to high school for further education(educate)in our country.10.The air in this room is not fresh.Would you mind keeping the windows open(open)?七种句子基本成分：I saw a beautiful girl take your book just now.主主谓谓宾宾定定补补状状句子的组
9、成成分叫句子成分。汉语里一般的句子成分有六种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）谓语（predicate）表语（predicative）宾语（object）定语（attribute）状语 (adverbial)补语（complement）句子成分句子成分强化训练：In the English class,_(我们讨论了)on the topic of having a trip to the countryside or to the city._(take)a trip to the countryside can relax by fishin
10、g or swimming.And the fresh air might be your favorite.Yet,you might not have many choices in transportation.Of course,a trip to the city also has its characters.If you like shopping,_is very exciting to travel back and forth in large malls.强化训练：You can visit museums to broaden your mind.Nevertheles
11、s,such a trip might cost much.And the traffic jam might let you down.In my opinion,a trip to the countryside is better.There,_(我可以躺着)under the stars,enjoying the quiet night.强化训练：In the English class,we had a discussion on the topic of having a trip to the countryside or to the city.Taking(take)a tr
12、ip to the countryside can relax by fishing or swimming.And the fresh air might be your favorite.Yet,you might not have many choices in transportation.Of course,a trip to the city also has its characters.If you like shopping,it is very exciting to travel back and forth in large malls.强化训练：You can vis
13、it museums to broaden your mind.Nevertheless,such a trip might cost much.And the traffic jam might let you down.In my opinion,a trip to the countryside is better.There,I can lie under the stars,enjoying the quiet night.写作积累议论文1.we had a discussion on the topic of having a trip to the countryside or
14、to the city.引出主题，have a discussion on the topic of2.Taking(take)a trip to the countryside.动名词谓语用单数，动词不能作主语 写作积累议论文3.And the fresh air might be your favorite.Favorite adj.特别喜欢的，n.特别喜欢的人事4.Yet,you might not have many choices in transportation.(交通)Yet,但是，仍然In在方面 写作积累议论文5.Of course,a trip to the city al
15、so has its characters.Of course,当然，自然;A trip to the city:定语6.it is very exciting to travel back and forth in large malls.It is+adj.+to do 形式主语，真正的主语to doBack and forth:来回地写作积累议论文7.broaden your mind.开拓视野Broadadj.宽阔的-+en，使变宽8.Nevertheless,such a trip might cost much.And the traffic jam might let you d
16、own.1.Nevertheless,尽管如此，不过，然而2.Traffic jam交通拥堵3.Let sb down 让某人失望写作积累议论文9.In my opinion,a trip to the countryside is.In my opinion写作，表达观点10.There,I can lie under the stars,enjoying the quiet night.Enjoying现在分词作状语，表伴随现在分词用法1.The sleeping boy:作定语2.The boy is singing.作表语3.I saw the boy singing.作宾补4.Bei
17、ng ill,he didnt come to school.原因状语5.While waiting for the plane,I had a long talk with him.时间状语6.Working harder,youll be better.条件状语7.He died,leaving nothing.结果状语议论文结构：1.导入话题：In the English class,we had a discussion on the topic of 2.正方观点：Taking(take)a trip to the countryside can relaxAnd the fresh
18、 air might be your favorite.(几个理由)3.反方观点：a trip to the city also has its characters.If you like shopping（几个理由）4.结论：个人观点 In my opinion,（你的选择）There,I can lie under the stars,（理由）经典例题2Good ways to keep healthy It is very important for us to keep healthy.But do you know the ways to keep us healthy?First
19、,we need to have healthy eating habits.Wecan eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit,but wed better eat less meat.Different kinds of foods areNecessary;_(拥有平衡饮食也很重要）.(balanced平衡的)经典例题2 Then,_(每天进行运动也能帮助）us keep fit.We can take walks after dinner,_(我们可以走路上学而不是坐公交),and after school we can spend hours
20、playing basketball or soccer with our friends._(我们应该尽力)do more exercise every day.经典例题2 Happiness is another way to keep healthy.Whenwe are lonely or unhappy,try to make friends.It is good way to keep happy.If you smile often,_(你也会感到幸福).So,be happy to be healthy.经典例题2-check the answersGood ways to k
21、eep healthy It is very important for us to keep healthy.But do you know the ways to keep us healthy?First,we need to have healthy eating habits.Wecan eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit,but wed better eat less meat.Different kinds of foods arenecessary;it is also important to have a balanced die
22、t.(balanced平衡的)经典例题2-check the answers Then playing sports every day can also help us keep fit.We can take walks after dinner,we can walk to school instead of taking a bus,and after school we can spend hours playing basketball or soccer with our friends.We should try to do more exercise every day.经典
23、例题2-check the answers Happiness is another way to keep healthy.WhenWe are lonely or unhappy,try to make friends.It is good way to keep happy.If you smile often,you also feel happy.So,be happy to be healthy.写作积累说明文1.It is very important for us to keep healthy.It is+adj.+for/of sb to do sth形式主语2.But d
24、o you know the ways to keep us healthy?The ways to do sth.做的方法Keep+adj.保持状态写作积累说明文3.have healthy eating habits.饮食习惯4.Different kinds of foods are necessary;表语5.have a balanced diet 平衡的饮食6.keep fit=keep healthy 保持健康7.instead of 代替，而不是8.be happy to be healthy想健康就得快乐说明文结构回顾1.Do you know the ways to kee
25、p us(引出话题，开门见山)2.First：The first way(方式一)3.Then:The second way(方式二)4.Happiness:The third way(方式三)写作五种基本句型主+谓主+系+表主+谓+宾主+谓+直宾+间宾主+谓+宾+宾补火眼金睛1.Im writing to you some advice about how to study English well.2.Its important for you to keep yourself have a healthy life.3.We are go to bed early and get up
26、early.4.because is good for our body.5.I hope we will more and more healthy.6.Its can help you more healthy.火眼金睛1.Im writing to you to give you some advice about how to study English well.2.Its important for you to keep(you)yourself have a healthy life.3.We are(should)go to bed early and get up earl
27、y.4.because(it)is good for our body.5.I hope we will be more and more healthy.6.Its(It)can help you more healthy.写作五种基本句型主+谓 主语：老大（中心，句首）Xiamen is in the south of China.I am a teacher.Three plus four is seven.It is important to learn English.Smoking is bad for our health.The old should be respected.
28、What he said is not true.写作五种基本句型主+谓 主语：老大（中心，句首）Xiamen is in the south of China.名词I am a teacher.代词Three plus four is seven.数词It is important to learn English.不定式Smoking is bad for our health.动名词The old should be respected.名词化形容词What he said is not true.主语从句写作五种基本句型主+谓 谓语：小弟 I love Xiamen.及物动词I get
29、 up early.不及物动词I am a teacher.系动词主语做什么，是什么，怎么样说明主语动作、状态、特征由不同动词形式充当，保持人称、数一致谓语三大变化：人称、数的变化：I like reading books.He likes reading books.时态变化：He often plays games on weekends.He played games yesterday.语态变化：He allows me to play games.I am allowed to play games.summary谓语：躯干，主语动作随主语变化（主谓一致）随时间变化（时态）随关系变化
30、（语态）三形式：动词 I play the guitar.情态动词+动词 I can play the guitar.系动词+表语 I am a teacher.主语主语可有修饰语可有修饰语-定语定语，谓语谓语可有修饰语可有修饰语-状语状语。基本句型1：主+谓1.He will come tomorrow.2.He works at this factory.3.He is always late for school.4.He runs quite fast.5.He works hard.6.It is too hot.观察一下，上述谓语有什么特点？基本句型1：主+谓1.He will c
31、ome tomorrow.2.He works at this factory.3.He is always late for school.4.He runs quite fast.5.He works hard.观察一下，上述谓语有什么特点？谓语能表达完整意思。谓语为不及物动词，加副词、介词短语、状语从句等。基本句型基本句型1 1主主+谓练习谓练习:The world is changing every day.She dances quite well.The moon has risen.This pen writes smoothly.系动词-be+其他含有特殊意义的动词翻译训练：1
32、.长大后他成了一个警察。2.我的梦想是成为一名医生。3.树叶变黄了。4.这个消息听起来激动人心。5.昨晚他感到有一点伤心。系动词-be+其他含有特殊意义的动词1.长大后他成了一个警察。He became a policeman when he grew up.2.我的梦想是成为一名医生。My dream is to be a doctor.3.树叶变黄了。The leaves turn yellow.4.这个消息听起来激动人心。The news sounds exciting.5.昨晚他感到有一点伤心。He felt a little sad last night.常见系动词有哪些？1.Be动
33、词2.感官动词：feel,smell,taste,sound,look3.变化动词：become,get,grow,turn,go,4.延续动词：remain,keep,stay,stand,continue5.表象动词：seem,appear,look6.终止动词：prove,turn out表语是什么？1.He is sad.2.He is at home.3.My job is to teach Chinese.4.Seeing is believing.Summary:表语(主语是什么，怎么样)身份、性质、品质、特征、状态哪些充当表语？1.I am a teacher.2.The bo
34、ok is his.3.The leaves turn yellow.4.He is satisfied with your homework.5.He is at home now.6.My job is to teach Chinese.7.Seeing is believing.哪些充当表语？1.I am a teacher.名词2.The book is his.代词3.The leaves turn yellow.形容词4.He is satisfied with your homework.形容词5.He is at home now.介词短语6.My job is to teac
35、h Chinese.不定式7.Seeing is believing.动名词基本句型2：主+系+表1.This is a dictionary.2.The food tastes delicious.3.Everything looks different.4.The trouble is that he often gets up late.特点：谓语不能表达完整意思 需要表明身份或状态词构成复合谓语 这类词：连系动词基本句型基本句型2 2：主：主+系系+表表 练习练习Leaves turn green in spring.他他失业失业了。了。He iswas out of work.3.这
36、个报告这个报告听起来听起来很有意思。很有意思。The report sounds interesting.宾语是什么？1.I can play the guitar.2.She often helps me with my homework.3.I love Xiamen.4.We have finished reading this book.宾语是什么？1.I can play the guitar.2.She often helps me with my homework.3.I love Xiamen.4.We have finished reading this book.Summa
37、ry:动作对象或承受者。分类：动宾，介宾哪些可以作宾语？1.I like apples.2.Everyone knows me.3.How many chair do you want?I want four.4.We should help the old.5.Id like to have some water.6.I think he is a teacher.7.I dont know what to do next.哪些可以作宾语？1.I like apples.名词2.Everyone knows me.代词3.How many chiair do you want?I want
38、four.数词4.We should help the old.名词化形容词5.Id like to have some water.不定式6.I think he is a teacher.宾语从句7.I dont know what to do next.复合宾语 一个句子加宾语，谓语应该具备什么特点才能加宾语？基本句型3：主谓宾谓语：实义动词（及物动词)，但不能表达完整意思 需要加宾语(动作承受者)才行Who knows the answer?He refused to help them.He enjoys reading.还记得哪些词后面跟动词不定式作宾语吗？三个希望两个答应 hop
39、e,wish,want,agree,promise 两个要求莫拒绝 demand,ask,rufuse 设法学会做决定 manage,learn,decide 不要假装在选择 pretend,choose经典例题3 New Standard_(在学生当中深受欢迎).From this magazine students can learn about the school events,such as school concerts,the English Festival and basketball matches.Also,some students often write articl
40、es for it,and they have improved their writing.The students favorite column is Homework Help because it can help them work out problems on study.Id like _(为杂志提两条建议).First,it can start a new column named Environmental Education to introduce knowledge on_(如何保护环境).经典例题3Second,it can become_(省纸的网络杂志).I
41、hope _(新标准杂志将更加有用)to help the students in the future!经典例题3 New Standard is very popular among students.From this magazine students can learn about the school events,such as school concerts,the English Festival and basketball matches.Also,some students often write articles for it,and they have improv
42、ed their writing.The students favorite column is Homework Help because it can help them work out problems on study.Id like to make two suggestions for the magazine.First,it can start a new column named Environmental Education to introduce knowledge on how to protect the environment.经典例题3Second,it ca
43、n become an online magazine to save paper.I hope New Standard will be much more helpful to help the students in the future!基本句型4：主+谓+直宾+间宾1.She ordered herself a new dress.主 谓 间宾 直宾2.I showed him my books.主 谓 间宾 直宾问题：间宾、直宾是什么？基本句型4：主+谓+直宾+间宾直接宾语：gave a book.teach English.summary:直接宾语：动作的承受者，一般指物基本句型
44、4：主+谓+直宾+间宾直接宾语：gave a book.teach English.summary:间接宾语：动作是对谁或者为谁做的，一般指人一般顺序：1.一般顺序She gives me a book.主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语2.强调间接宾语She gives a book to me.主+谓+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语常跟双宾语的动词：1.需要借助to：bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,send,show,teach,tell.2.需要借助for:buy,call,cook,choose,draw,get,change,build,fi
45、nd.summary:to侧重动作的方向，朝着，向着，对着for侧重动作受益者，为了，替某人翻译训练1.她给自己买了一部手机。She bought a phone for herself.2.她给我带了一本书。She brought a book to me.3.他对她什么都不拒绝。He refused her nothing.4.她告诉我汽车晚点了。She told me that the car was late.宾语补足语是什么？1.Leave the window open.形容词2.Make yourself at home.介词短语3.I saw him reading a boo
46、k.现在分词4.I heard my name called.过去分词summary:有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整意思，需要补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样宾语与补足语逻辑主谓关系，构成复合宾语英语基本句型英语基本句型5：复合宾语结构：复合宾语结构1.The sun keeps us warm.2.I heard him singing.3.You must get your hair cut.4.They made Tom monitor.上述红色部分词有什么特点？主语主语+及物的谓语动词及物的谓语动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语（对宾语进行补充说明）翻译训练 1.战争让他成为一名勇敢的战士
47、。The war made him a brave soldier.2.好方法让英语变得轻松。Good ways made this workjob easy to do.3.老师让我们关上窗户。The teacher had the students close the window.4.他们把墙漆成白色。They painted the wall white.定语、状语定语、状语常用的英语句子句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（修饰语（modifiermodifier）而加以扩大。）而加以扩大。修饰语:单词（主要是形
48、容词、副词和数词）单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），各类型短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。和分词短语）。我们称之为：定语、状语定语、状语定语是什么？The black bike is mine.形容词They made paper flowers.名词The boy in the room is Jack.介词短语 I have something to do.不定式It is a swimming pool.动名词The pen bought by her is made in China.分词定语有什么特点？对名词或代词起对名词或代词起修饰、限
49、定修饰、限定通常位于被修饰的成分前通常位于被修饰的成分前若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，如：something、nothing,或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。则定语通常置后。1.He did it carefully.副词副词2.Without his help,we couldnt work it out.介词介词短语短语3.To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business.不定式不定式特点：特点：1.修饰动词，形
50、容词或副词或全句修饰动词，形容词或副词或全句说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等方向、程度、目的等位置很灵活1.通常在句子基本结构之后，通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首强调时放在句首；2.修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰词之前修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰词之前3.表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，头，强调时放在句首强调时放在句首.过关测试 In our school,we have many rules.We shouldnt be late for school.We
