1、中考语法复习系列We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句一、连接词一、连接词二、二、语语 序序三、时态三、时态1.that引导引导 2.whether if引导引导3.特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问词引导陈述句语序陈述句语序1.主现从任意主现从任意 2.主过从也过主过从也过3.客观真理找现在客观真理找现在注：注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当
2、句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。e.g.I hear(that)he will be back in an hour.1.由that引导的宾语从句三、宾语从句的引导词2.由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句if/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否”之义，在句中之义，在句中不充当句子成份。不充当句子成份。if/whether可互换可互换,e.g.I want to know if/whether she is right.They didnt know whether Tom could come bac
3、k or not.三、宾语从句的引导词1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care about _ he is handsome.1.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.2._ he will come is not decided.与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether3.由连接代词由连接
4、代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。充当句子成份。e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is?（谁的，作定语）（谁的，作定语）2)Could you tell me why the train is late?（为什么，作状语）（为什么，作状语）3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，作主语）（谁，作主语）三、宾语从句的引导词1.Ive decided to go
5、 to London next weekend.I was wondering you could go with me.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.where 2.You dont know I want to see you again.Its a year since I last saw you.A.how soon B.how longC.how oftenD.how much 3.Thomas wants to know Nina lives.A.whereB.whoC.whatD.ifA DA Helen says that she will learn French n
6、ext year.Do you know where he comes from?He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。四、宾语从句的语序He can He has he went to 秘决：把be,willhave,has 情态动词放回主语后；把do,does,did 去掉，动词变相应形式。宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应1.如果主句的时态是一般
7、现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_时态。I dont think(that)you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.Do you know when Mr.Smith moved here?任何五、宾语从句的时态I hear(that)Jim (be)a worker two years ago.Jim (be)an English teacher now.Jim (cook)dinner tomorrow.Jim (sing)a popular song now.Jim (be)to the Gr
8、eat Wall twice.Jim (play)basketball when his father came back.was is will cook is singing has been was playing 2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.过去类过去类I heard(that)Jim (be)a worker tw
9、o years ago.Jim (be)an English teacher.Jim (cook)dinner tomorrow.Jim (sing)a popular song now.Jim (be)to the Great Wall twice.Jim (play)basketball when his father came back.was was would cook was singing had been was playing 该用什么时态？特殊情况：1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，任用现在时。Dad told us that it is better
10、to do than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six.Could you tell me where the bookshop is.2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。The teacher told me she was born in 1960.1.Let me tell you _.A.how much is the car B.how much does the car cost C.how much did I pay for the car D.how much I spe
11、nt on the car2.He asked his father_.A.where it happens B.how it happened C.where did it happen D.how did it happen 3.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A.why did he get C.why does he get B.why he gets D.why he got4.The teacher asked the students_.4.The teacher asked the students_.A.if they were i
12、nterested in dinasours B.when was Albert Einstein born A.if they were interested in dinasours B.when was Albert Einstein born C.what they will do with the computers D.how many trees they have planted C.what they will do with the computers D.how many trees they have planted5.-Do you know _?5.-Do you
13、know _?-Im not sure.Maybe he is a businessman.-Im not sure.Maybe he is a businessman.A.who he is B.who is he C.what he does D.what does he do A.who he is B.who is he C.what he does D.what does he do6.It makes no difference _.6.It makes no difference _.A.whether will you come tomorrow B.whether or no
14、t will he pass the exam A.whether will you come tomorrow B.whether or not will he pass the exam C.if he will come to the meeting or not D.whether he will come to the meeting or not C.if he will come to the meeting or not D.whether he will come to the meeting or not4.Thomas wants to know Nina lives.A
15、.whereB.whoC.whatD.if 5.-Do you know the man with sunglasses is?-Im not sure.Maybe a reporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how 6.-How long does it take to get to the airport?-Forty minutes.But its foggy today.Im not sure the highway will close soon.Lets set off earlier.A.whether B.whenC.howD.why 7.-Can you t
16、ell me you usually play football?-Once a week.A.how soonB.how long C.how oftenD.how farABAC宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句)时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时 从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 时态不变时态不变主现从随意，主过从过去
