1、英语基本句子结构句子结构1S+VShe came.The sun rose.句子结构2S+V+OShe likes Chinese.I ate a piece of cake.句子结构3S+V+PShe is happy.He looks sad.系动词表示具有某种性质、特征或处于某种状态的系动词be，appear，seem，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等。e.g.The story of his life sounds interesting 他的生平听起来很有趣。e.g.The plan looks good on paper，but will it work？这
2、个计划从纸面上看不错，但能行得通吗？e.g.The house appeared deserted 那所房子看来无人居住。系动词表示状态变化的系动词如：become,come,fall,get,go,grow,turn,run,turn out等。e.g.Leaves turn yellow in the autumn 树叶在秋天变黄。e.g.The post of headmaster fellbecame vacant 校长的位子空了下来。e.g.The sound of the music grew faint as the band marched away 音乐声随着乐队走远而渐渐减
3、弱。系动词表示某种持续状态的系动词如：keep,remain,stay,rest,lie,stand等。e.g.Few of the houses there remained standing after the earthquake 地震过后，那里没有几所房子没有倒塌。e.g.The book lay open on the table 那本书摊开放在桌子上。e.g.The weather has stayed warm all week 天气整个星期都很暖和。系动词系动词后跟什么样的表语并不是任意的，有一些固定搭配需特别记忆。例：get ready（准备好了），get dark（天）变黑
4、，turn red yellow（变红黄），go bad mad（变坏变疯），go wrong（出错），keep silent（保持沉默），come true（实现了），fall asleep（睡着了），fall ill（生病）等。系动词没有进行时系动词没有被动语态。句子结构4S+V+InO+DOMy mom bought me an iPhone.My mom bought an iPhone me.I passed him the juice.I passed the salt him.句子结构4S+V+InO+DO句子结构5S+V+O+OCWe found him an honest p
5、erson.(n.)He painted the wall white.(a.)句子结构5S+V+O+OCHis mother told him not to play on the street.(动词不定式）have/make/let/see/hear/notice/feel/observe/watche.g.The boss made him do the work all day.宾语补足语n.a.a d.介 词 短 语分 词（现 在 分 词 d o i n g/过 去 分 词 d o n e）动 词 不 定 式（t o d o）句子结构6There be e.g.There is a
6、 computer in my bedroom.句子结构6There be 遵循“就近原则”/“主谓一致原则”There is a computer in my bedroom.There are some apples on the table.如果主语是复数名词，却表示一笔金额或一个总数或表达一个单个概念时，则仍用单数be形式There is five hundred dollars to pay.There is duck and green vegetables for supper.句子结构6There be There be 中的be 有时可以是lie,stand,live,use
7、d to be,seem to be,appear to be 等There lies a river to the south.There used to be a castle at the foot of the hill.There is(was)+no+Ving=It is(was)impossible to+V原形There is no going home.回家是不可能了。There is no knowing what may happen.不可能知道会发生什么事。句子结构6There be There be 句型中动词be可以有一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时和完成时。Ther
8、e is an apple on the table.桌子上有一个苹果。There were fabulous wildflowers in the hills last spring.去年春天，山中有极美的野花。There will be a fine day tomorrow.明天将是一个晴天。There have been several private schools in our area this year.今年，我们这里已经有好几所私立学校了。句子结构6There be There be 句型可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用。助动词：be,have/has,do/does/did,shall,should,will,would情态动词：can(could),may(might),must,need,ought to,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would)e.g.There may be a cigarette in that box.那只盒子里或许有支香烟。e.g.There must be some cakes on the table.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。e.g.There used to be a hospital there before the war.战前，那里曾经有家医院。THANKS!
