1、冠 词本章节内容不定冠词a/an的基本用法1定冠词基本用法2零冠词3不定冠词a/an的基本用法1.不定冠词(a,an)的基本用法用法示例在叙述时用于第一次提到的某人或某物前Thisisabook.指人或事物的某一类别,以区别于其他种类Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.泛指某人或某物Ayoungmaniswaitingforyou.用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前,表示“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等TherellbeastrongwindinSouthChina.用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前aknifeandfork“a+序数词”表示“又一,再一”Thecakeisdelicio
2、usandIwouldlikeasecondone.用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前,有“每一”的意思fivelessonsaweek2.不定冠词a,an的区别a用在以辅音音素辅音音素开头的单词前ateacher,agoodstudentan用在以元音音素元音音素开头的单词前anappletree,aninterestingstory注意注意:判断一个名词前用a还是用an,是根据其读音,而不是根据其字母。在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,其他用a。要注意区别以“u”开头的单词:当“u”发/音时,单词前用an,如an umbrella,a
3、n unhappy boy;当“u”发/ju/音时,单词前用a,如a university,a useful book。3.含有a的常见固定词组a few/little/bit一点儿have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest游泳/散步/谈话/看一看/跳舞/喝点东西/休息have a cold感冒have a good time玩得高兴in a hurry匆忙for a while一会儿keep a diary记日记do sb a favor帮助某人4.当名词被其他词修饰时,不定冠词a或an的位置应注意(1)当名词被such,half,what,man
4、y等修饰时,不定冠词要放在这些词之后。(2)当单数名词前面的形容词前有so,how,too等词时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后。(3)当名词前面有形容词和quite或very时,不定冠词置于quite之后,very之前。He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door.他离开得如此匆忙,以至于忘了关门。It took me half an hour to write the letter.写那封信花了我半个小时。What an interesting book it is!这是一本多么有趣的书啊!She was so nice a g
5、irl that she took the blind man to the station.她是这么好的一个女孩,她把那位盲人带到了车站。How nice a film this is!这是一部多么好的电影啊!quite a good book一本十分好的书a very interesting story一个非常有趣的故事定冠词的基本用法1.定冠词(the)的基本用法用法示例用于双方都知道的人或事物前Givemethebook,please.用于特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物前Doyouknowthegirlinred?表示世界上独一无二的事物Themoonmovesaroundtheear
6、th.用在序数词、形容词最高级前面以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前Thefirstlessonisveryeasy.Heistheyoungerofthetwoboys.用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩TheGreensarewatchingTVnow.用在单数可数名词前表一类人或事物Theorangeisorange.与某些形容词连用表一类人Weshouldhelptheold.用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前,或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前theGreatWall,theSummerPalace用在表示方位或西洋乐器名称的名词之前Ilikeplayingthep
7、iano.记忆口诀记忆口诀:特指双熟悉特指双熟悉,上文已提及上文已提及,世上独无二世上独无二,序数最高级序数最高级,普通专有名普通专有名,习语及乐器。习语及乐器。2.用于某些固定短语中in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上;in the daytime在白天in the end最后all the time一直at the same time同时by the way顺便说一下in the open air在户外at the age of在岁时at the beginning of在开始时on the other side of在的另一边in the m
8、iddle of在中间at the moment现在11“the+the+序序数数词词”表示表示“第几第几”“a+a+序序数数词词(first(first除外除外)”表示表示“又又一一,再一再一”The apple is delicious,and I would like a second one.苹果很好吃,我想再吃一个。a number ofa number of的的意意思是思是“一一些些”the number ofthe number of的的意意思是思是“的数目的数目,的数的数量量”,作作主语主语时时谓语谓语动词动词用单数形式。用单数形式。A number of students l
9、ike playing computer games.一些学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。The number of the students in our school is about 1,500.我们学校学生数目大约是1,500。定冠词和不定冠词易混点序数词前用定冠词与不定冠词的区别a number ofthe number of练习：用冠词a或an填空 hour European country b s orange unusual story island new bike e-mail important invention useful book NBA player eight-year-
10、old girl honest personana aananananaananaananan零冠词的基本用法下列情况用零冠词不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时Animalscantlivewithoutwater.某些专有名词,如人名、地名、国家名等前Chinaisagreatcountry.MarylivesinNewYork.名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格等时EverystudentlikesEnglishinourclass.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前ThisisProfessorLi.在三餐、球类运动及名词之前Iwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfastth
11、ismorning.Heoftenplaysfootballafterschool.在由“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、山名等的词之前NanjingRoadHainanIsland在与by连用的交通工具名词前bycarbytrain在公共假日、节日名称前NewYearsDayWomensDay2.用于某些固定短语中day by day一天天;face to face面对面;side by side肩并肩;hand in hand手拉手;from beginning to end从头到尾;day and night日日夜夜;sooner or later迟早;husband and
12、wife夫妻;at home 在家;by mistake 错误地;learn by heart 背诵;in sight看见;at first起初;at last最后;at once 立刻;by way of经由;at noon 在中午;on time准时;on foot 步行;on business出差;on holiday 在度假;in class 在课上;on show展览;go home回家;for example 例如;go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing 去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼有定冠词和无定冠词的区别(1)go to school 去上学（是学
13、生）go to the school 到学校去（不一定是学生）(2)at table 在吃饭at the table 在桌子旁(3)at school 在上学at the school 在学校里面(4)in class 在上课 in the class 在班级里(5)in front of（外部的）前面in the front of（内部的）前面(6)by sea 乘船by the sea 在海边(7)in prison 在坐牢in the prison 在监狱里面（不一是犯人）(8)by day 在白天by the day 按天计算中考试练1.Last summer I went to se
14、e _ Terracotta Army in Xian.It was fantastic.A.theB.anC.aD./【A】去年夏天我去看了西安的秦始皇兵马俑。它真是太棒了。不定冠词a/an表示泛指；定冠词the表特指。秦始皇兵马俑是世界上独一无二的，其前需用定冠词the表特指。中考试练2.Is Zootopia _ very interesting movie?Yes,it is.I like it very much.A.aB.anC.theD./【A】考查不定冠词的用法。句意“疯狂动物城是_非常有趣的电影吗？”“是的，我非常喜欢看。”此处是泛指一部有趣的电影，且空后的very是以辅音音
15、素开头的单词，故选A。中考试练3.I love singing and dancing.I want to be _ actor in the future.A.aB.anC.theD./【B】考查不定冠词的用法。句意：我喜欢唱歌和跳舞。将来我想要成为_演员。actor在此表示泛指，且以元音音素开头。故选B。中考试练4.What _ wonderful American stamp!Yes,Li Bais Thoughts on a Silent Night(静夜思)has been put onto it.A./B.theC.aD.an【C】考查不定冠词的用法。句意为：“多棒的_美国邮票啊！
16、”“是的。李白的静夜思被放到上面了。”What引导的感叹句结构为：Whata/an+adj.+n.(主语+谓语)，wonderful以辅音音素开头。故选C。中考试练5.Have you seen the film Dad,where are we going?Yes.Its _ interesting one.A.aB.anC.theD./【B】考查不定冠词的用法。句意：“你看过电影爸爸去哪儿吗？”“看过。它是_有趣的电影。”句中的one是代词,相当于film,是可数名词的单数形式,表示“一部电影”,其前需要加a或an。因为interesting是以元音音素开头的单词,所以需用an修饰。故选B
17、。中考试练6.Cheer up！You will get _ A in the listening test.A.aB.theC.anD./【C】考查不定冠词的用法。句意：加油！听力测试中你将得_A。此处表示泛指，且字母A为元音音素，故选C。中考试练7.Boys and girls,keep calm and be confident.I am sure all of you are _ excellent students.A.anB.aC.theD./【D】考查零冠词的用法。句意：孩子们，保持冷静和自信。我相信你们都是优秀的学生。由students复数可知不用an/a修饰，这里也不是特指。
18、故选D。中考试练9.I think playing _ football is a good way to learn the spirit of teamwork.A.aB./C.theD.an【B】考查零冠词的用法。句意：我认为踢足球是一个学习团队精神的好方法。football是球类，前不用冠词。故选B。中考试练10.Look!Whos the girl under the tree?Oh,she is my sister,Mary.She is _ lovely girl.A.the B.aC./D.an【B】考查不定冠词的用法。句意“看！在树下的那个女孩是谁？”“哦，她是我的妹妹玛丽。
19、她是一个可爱的女孩。此处表示泛指,且lovely以辅音音素开头，故选B。数 词本章节内容数词语法的基本框架1数词在选择题中的运用2数词的正确形式填空345数词在句子中运用数词语篇填空 数词语法的基本框架1.基数词12345678910onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineten111213141516171819eleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen2030405060708090100twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeighty
20、ninetyone(a)hundred2335100101千百万十亿twenty-threethirty-fivea/one hundredone hundred and onethousandmillionbillion1.百、千、百万、十亿的用法表泛指：hundredsthousands millionsbillions+of 成百上千、成千上万、数以百万、数以千万2.表具体：基数词+hundredthousand millionbillion五千辆车 六百万本书成千上万的人数以百计的苹果 five thousand carssix million booksthousands of pe
21、oplemillions of apples1,0004,18915,362100,000285,6431,000,0003,367,98211,000,000170,000,0003,000,000,0007,198,764,502练习a/one thousand four thousand,one hundred and eighty-nine fifteen thousand,three hundred and sixty-two a/one hundred thousand two hundred and eighty-five thousand,six hundred and for
22、ty-three one million three million,three hundred and sixty-seven thousand,nine hundred and eighty-two eleven milion one hundred and seventy million three billion seven billion,one hundred and ninety-eight million,seven hundred and sixty-four thousand,five hundred and two 英文中,1000的数字通常从右向左数起,每三位数加一个逗
23、号,第一个逗号代表 thousand,第二个逗号代表 million,第三个逗号代表 billion.若 thousand、milion、billion 后跟百位数,用“,”或不用符号连接;若跟十位数或个位数,用“and”连接。2.序数词one two three four five eight nine twelve twenty thirty twenty-one forty-six firstsecondthirdfourthfiftheighthninthtwelfth twentieth thirtieth twenty-first forty-sixththe+序数词与a+序数词的
24、区别1.the+序数词意思为“第几”2.a+序数词意思为“再一次”2.当序数词前有物主代词或者所有格时，不用the。eg:PeppaPigismyfirstfavouritecartoon.Johnfailedthetesttwice.Buthewouldliketohavetry.(约翰考试失败了两次，他想再试一次）a thirdHainanisislandinChina.(海南是中国的第二大岛）the second数词的用法（1）分数：分子基，分母序，分子1，分母加s1/5;2/3;4/7;1/2;1/4;3/4.one fifth two thirds four sevenths a h
25、alf a quarter three quarters（2）次数/倍数：2，基数词+times once（一次/一倍）twice（两次/两倍）three times（三次/三倍）（3）表示年份/年代/年龄：2002:twenty thousand and two;1976:nineteen seventy-six.在20世纪80年代：in the 1980s 在1990年：in 1990 five years old Im five years old.five-year-old Mary is a five-year-old girl.five-year-olds 5岁的人（4）表示日期：
26、12月1日:Dec.1st或the first of December 2002年11月8日:Nov.8th,2002.倍数+as+adj/adv原级+asIm twice as tall as you.倍数+adj/adv的比较级+thanIm twice taller than you.数词的用法（5）表示时刻：顺读法：5：15 five fifteen逆读法：1.分钟 30，用past,意为过。7:05five past seven 2.分钟30，用to,意为差。7:50ten to eight a quarter=15分钟 5：15 a quarter past five half=3
27、0分钟 8：30 half past eight或eight thirty 10：45 a quarter to eleven 或 ten forty-five（6）表示编号：名词+基数词（开头字母大写）=the+序数词+名词（开头字母小写）LessonOne=thefirstlesson中考试练1.Alice felt very happy to receive some gifts on her _ birthday.Nobody gave her gifts on her former eleven birthdays.A.eleventhB.twelfthC.thirteenthD.t
28、welveonones+序数词+birthday在某人多少岁生日时2.Today postcards are the _ most popular collection in the world after stamps and coins.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth中考试练3.Although I have failed three times,my father encourages me to have a _ try.A.fourB.thirdC.fourthD.five4.In his_，Wilson returned to his hometown
29、 and began to teach.AthirtyBthirtiesCthirtiethInones+整十的复数在某人几十多岁的时候中考试练5.Please tum to Pageand read thestory.A.Ten;two B.Ten;second C.Tenth;second D.Tenth;two6.-_ Haojiang Peach Blossom（桃花）Festival took place in late February.Did you go there?-Yes.I took the No.36 bus and then a _ walk to Ju Feng T
30、emple.A.The seventh;20-minuteB.The seven;20-minute C.The seventh,20 minutesD.The seven;20 minutes二十分钟的步行路程20-minutewalk或者20minuteswalk.中考试练7.Its reported that there are more than 300 _ smokers in China,nearly a third of all the smokers in the world.A.millionB.millionsC.million ofD.millions of8.What
31、do you think of the environment here?Wonderful!_ of the landcovered with trees and grass.A.Two fifths;is B.Two fifth;isC.Two fifths;areD.Two fifth;are数词在语篇中的运用Mr.Green is teacher in a middle school.In his (三十多岁)，he went to Russia.He has lived Russia for about (一年半).In the school,of(总数）students about
32、 (两千).And about (五分之三)students are boys.(许多)boys like playing basketball.Tom is a (十六岁的)student comes from (三年级四班).He often plays basketball (一周两次).Once The (第二十届)World Basketball Championship began the morning of May 25,2010 Moscow,Russia.there were (成千上万)people watching the game.But Tom didnt go to watch because he had to stay in (406室)with his classmates to study English.thirtiesone and a half years the numberistwo thousandthree fifthsa number ofsixteen-year-oldClass Four Grade threetwice a weekthe twentiethoninthousands ofRoom 406本 章 结 束感谢聆听
