1、2022-2023初中英语中考复习语法专题情 态 动 词 和 不 定 代 词01常见情态动词用法目录CONTENTS02易混情态动词 03十组不定代词辨析情态动词 表示说话者的情感、态度和语气。它们本身有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作谓语，须和动词一起构成句子的谓语。表示否定时在情态动词后加not(must,have to除外),表示疑问时将情态动词提到主语前即可。原形原形（过去式）（过去式）用法用法含义含义can(could)表示能力（=be able to)We can speak English well.能；会(疑问句中）表示请求Can I have a try?可以（否
2、定句、疑问句中）表示可能性The news cant be truecan可能cant 不可能一、常 见 情 态 动 词 用 法原形原形（过去式）（过去式）用法用法含义含义may(might)表示可能性What may happen?可能表示客气请求-May I come in?-Come in,please可以表示许可You may have a rest.能表示祝愿May you succeed 祝.一、常 见 情 态 动 词 用 法原形原形（过去式）（过去式）用法用法含义含义shall(should)Shall.?用于第一人称，表示建议或请求Shall I get you some te
3、a?.好吗？Should用于各种人称，强调义务或责任We shouldnt stay up late every day.应该一、常 见 情 态 动 词 用 法原形原形（过去式）（过去式）用法用法含义含义will(would)用于第二人称疑问句中，表示征求意见或提建议Would you please open the window?愿意will用于各种人称，表示意愿Will you marry me?一、常 见 情 态 动 词 用 法（1）情态动词的过去式表示比原形更委婉的语气。（2）mustnt表否定“禁止，不允许”。可与祈使句互换。（3）have to 有人称、数和时态的变化，表示受客观条
4、件限制，意为“不得不”。（4）May.?的否定回答：No,.mustnt/cant.（4）May.?的否定回答：No,.mustnt/cant.（5）表示“可以”，可能性由大到小依次为：区别must”一定是“表示有把握的肯定推测cant”不可能是“，表示有把握的否定推测二、易 混 情 态 动 词区别have to 表客观需要，意为”不得不“有人称和时态变化（has to;had to;will have to)must 强调说话人的主观看法，意为”必须，应该“无人称和时态变化否定形式的不同：mustnt 表示”禁止，不应该“not have to 表示”不必“，相当于neednt二、易 混 情
5、 态 动 词区别表示某种能力时，二者可通用can只用于现在时和过去时（could)be able to 可用于各种时态遇到有助动词或情态动词时只能用be able to二、易 混 情 态 动 词maybe用于句首表示”可能；也许“，相当于perhapsmay be其中may是情态动词，后接动词原形be,表示”可能是“，在句中作谓语。两者可互换。二、易 混 情 态 动 词exercise1.-I forgot to bring my dictionary.Could I use yours?1.-I forgot to bring my dictionary.Could I use yours?
6、-Yes,you-Yes,you_A.canA.can B.mustB.must C.couldC.could D.shouldD.should2.-Is Mr.Brown driving here?2.-Is Mr.Brown driving here?-Im not sure.He-Im not sure.He_come by e by train.A.may B.needA.may B.need C.shallC.shall D.mustD.must3.-What will the weather be like tomorrow?3.-What will the weather be
7、like tomorrow?-It-It_be rainy,cloudy or sunny.Who knows?be rainy,cloudy or sunny.Who knows?A.mustA.must B.mightB.might C.shallC.shall D.shouldD.shouldexercise1.-I forgot to bring my dictionary.Could I use yours?1.-I forgot to bring my dictionary.Could I use yours?-Yes,you-Yes,you_A.canA.can B.mustB.
8、must C.couldC.could D.shouldD.should2.-Is Mr.Brown driving here?2.-Is Mr.Brown driving here?-Im not sure.He-Im not sure.He_come by e by train.A.mayA.may B.need B.need C.shallC.shall D.mustD.must3.-What will the weather be like tomorrow?3.-What will the weather be like tomorrow?-It-It_be rainy,cloudy
9、 or sunny.Who knows?be rainy,cloudy or sunny.Who knows?A.mustA.must B.mightB.might C.shallC.shall D.shouldD.shouldexercise4.You_drive your so fast.Its very dangerous.4.You_drive your so fast.Its very dangerous.A.wouldnt B.shouldntA.wouldnt B.shouldntC.couldnt D.mightntC.couldnt D.mightnt5.-Shall I t
10、ell Sally about it?5.-Shall I tell Sally about it?-No,you_.I have told her already.-No,you_.I have told her already.A.should B.needntA.should B.needntC.mustnt D.cantC.mustnt D.cantexercise4.You_drive your so fast.Its very dangerous.4.You_drive your so fast.Its very dangerous.A.wouldnt A.wouldnt B.sh
11、ouldntB.shouldntC.couldnt D.mightntC.couldnt D.mightnt5.-Shall I tell Sally about it?5.-Shall I tell Sally about it?-No,you_.I have told her already.-No,you_.I have told her already.A.should A.should B.needntB.needntC.mustnt D.cantC.mustnt D.cant不定代词不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词不定代词的辨析1.some any no2.many
12、 much3.each every4.either neither5.both all6.another other others7.no one none8.a few few a little little9.several10.one ones一、用some、any和no填空1.I bought_flowers on my way home.1.I bought_flowers on my way home.2.I asked her for_paper,but she didnt have_2.I asked her for_paper,but she didnt have_3.My
13、brother doesnt need_ help.3.My brother doesnt need_ help.4.Would you like to have_water?Yes,Id like to.4.Would you like to have_water?Yes,Id like to.5.Do you have_ good books?5.Do you have_ good books?6.There is_good news in todaysnewspaper.Sotheres no 6.There is_good news in todaysnewspaper.Sothere
14、s no need to read it.need to read it.7.Lucy has_bike and she often rides her sisters bike.7.Lucy has_bike and she often rides her sisters bike.8._of the plants grow well.8._of the plants grow well.一、用some、any和no填空1.I bought_flowers on my way home.1.I bought_flowers on my way home.2.I asked her for_p
15、aper,but she didnt have_2.I asked her for_paper,but she didnt have_3.My brother doesnt need_ help.3.My brother doesnt need_ help.4.Would you like to have_water?Yes,Id like to.4.Would you like to have_water?Yes,Id like to.5.Do you have_ good books?5.Do you have_ good books?6.There is_good news in tod
16、aysnewspaper.Sotheres no 6.There is_good news in todaysnewspaper.Sotheres no need to read it.need to read it.7.Lucy has_bike and she often rides her sisters bike.7.Lucy has_bike and she often rides her sisters bike.8._of the plants grow well.8._of the plants grow well.u1.some/any+可数名词复数/不可数名词u2.some
17、用于肯定句，或表示委婉语气的疑问句中 any用于疑问句或否定句u3.some of+代词宾格复数(us/you/them)+the+名词复数u4.no+可数名词单数/复数/不可数名词 no=not a/not any。any 还表示（三者或以上）任何一个I have four friends and any of them paints well.二、用many和much填空1._students helped the man move the car.1._students helped the man move the car.2.There are_ mountains around o
18、ur house.2.There are_ mountains around our house.3.Im busy and I have_ homework to do.3.Im busy and I have_ homework to do.4._of them have left for England.4._of them have left for England.5.I cant understand_of his speaking.5.I cant understand_of his speaking.6.I like milk,so I drink_every day.6.I
19、like milk,so I drink_every day.7.John want to join the music club very_7.John want to join the music club very_二、用many和much填空1._students helped the man move the car.1._students helped the man move the car.2.There are_ mountains around our house.2.There are_ mountains around our house.3.Im busy and I
20、 have_ homework to do.3.Im busy and I have_ homework to do.4._of them have left for England.4._of them have left for England.5.I cant understand_of his speaking.5.I cant understand_of his speaking.6.I like milk,so I drink_every day.6.I like milk,so I drink_every day.7.John want to join the music clu
21、b very_7.John want to join the music club very_m a n ym a n ym a n ym u c hm u c hm u c hm u c hu1.many+可数名数 much+不可数名词u2.many of+代词宾格复数(us/you/them)+the+名词复数 much of-+不可数名词u3.much可以单独作动词的宾语 例如：eat much=eat a lotu4.much可以作副词 例如：Thank you very much.三、用each和every填空1._of the boys has a book.1._of the b
22、oys has a book.2._ student has an English-Chinese dictionary in our 2._ student has an English-Chinese dictionary in our class.class.3.Many trees are planted on _ side of the road3.Many trees are planted on _ side of the road4.We_are healthy because we ren every day.4.We_are healthy because we ren e
23、very day.三、用each和every填空1._of the boys has a book.1._of the boys has a book.2._ student has an English-Chinese dictionary in our 2._ student has an English-Chinese dictionary in our class.class.3.Many trees are planted on _ side of the road3.Many trees are planted on _ side of the road4.We_are healt
24、hy because we ren every day.4.We_are healthy because we ren every day.E a c hE a c h/e v e r yE a c hE a c h=E a c h o f u s i s h e a l t h y b e c a u s.1.every/each+名词单数 2.each of+代词宾格复数(us/you/them)+the+名词复数3.each:两者或以上)每一 evey:(三者或以上)每一的，仅作定语注意:each可以单独作主语Each has his own idea.evey必须与名词连用才可作主语E
25、very man has his own idea.四、用either和neither填空1.Lily and Lucy both like singing,but_of them1.Lily and Lucy both like singing,but_of themis good at dancing.is good at dancing.2.There are many trees and flowers on_side of the river.2.There are many trees and flowers on_side of the river.3.-When shall w
26、e meet,tonight or tomorrow morning?3.-When shall we meet,tonight or tomorrow morning?-I dont mind._is OK.-I dont mind._is OK.4.-Can you speak Chinese or Japanese?4.-Can you speak Chinese or Japanese?-_but I can speak English.-_but I can speak English.5.She cant dance_5.She cant dance_*6.Tom didnt fi
27、nish homwork._did his sister.6.Tom didnt finish homwork._did his sister.四、用either和neither填空1.Lily and Lucy both like singing,but_of them1.Lily and Lucy both like singing,but_of themis good at dancing.is good at dancing.2.There are many trees and flowers on_side of the river.2.There are many trees an
28、d flowers on_side of the river.3.-When shall we meet,tonight or tomorrow morning?3.-When shall we meet,tonight or tomorrow morning?-I dont mind._is OK.-I dont mind._is OK.4.-Can you speak Chinese or Japanese?4.-Can you speak Chinese or Japanese?-_but I can speak English.-_but I can speak English.5.S
29、he cant dance_5.She cant dance_*6.Tom didnt finish homwork._did his sister.6.Tom didnt finish homwork._did his sister.n e i t h e rn e i t h e rN e i t h e re i t h e rE i t h e re i t h e r either:两者中任何一个1)either+名问单数2)either of+代词宾格复数/he+名词复数3)也，用于否定句句末4)either.or要么.要么（连接主语时遵守就近原则）e.g.Either you o
30、r he cleans the door every day.neither:两者都不1)neither+名词单数2)neither of+代词宾格复数the+名词复数3)neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语4)neither.nor既不.也不（连接主语时遵守就近原则）e.a.Neither I nor she comes from USANeither of the answers is right.Either of the magazines is useful.Either boy speaks English well.Neither dog barks at stranges.Either he or you have to go.Neither you nor I am right.
