1、初中英语语法：倒装句Dacy老师一一.完全倒装完全倒装 特点：特点：完全倒装是将谓语的全部放在主语之前，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。On her left sat her husband.她左边坐着她丈夫。Here is the book you want.你要的书在这儿。Down went the small boat.小船沉下去了。常见的完全倒装结构常见的完全倒装结构 1）there be 句型 There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk.There are thousands of people gathering
2、 on the square.注意:引导词there 还可以接appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,stand,live 等词。There lived an old fisherman in the village.村里住着一位老渔夫。There stand two white houses by the river.河滨矗立着两座白房子。There existed some doubt among the students.学生中有些怀疑。2.以here,there,now,thus,then 等副词开头，谓语动词多为be,go,come等时候，句子主谓部分倒装。Here
3、 comes your turn.轮到你了。There goes the bell.铃响了。Now comes my turn.轮到我了。Then came the order to take off.起飞的命令到了。3.以out,in,up,down,off,away等副词开头，谓语动词是表示“移动”的go,come,leave等句子里。Away went the crowd one by one.人们一个一个地离去。In came a stranger in black.进来了一位穿黑衣的陌生人。Down fell the leaves.树叶掉了下来。注意:在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人
4、称代词,则用正常语序。例如：Out she went.她走了。Here we are.我们到了。4.表示地点的介词词组位于句首，谓语动词是表示“存在”之意的be,lie,stand,exist等句子中。South of the lake lies a big supermarket.20 miles east of our school lies a modern swimming pool.On the floor were piles of old books,magazines and newspapers.Beyond the river lives an old fisherman.
5、5.“表语+连系动词+主语”结构。Lucky is she who was admitted to a famous university last year.Gone are the days when he was looked down upon.Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists.二二.部分倒装部分倒装 特点：部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，移至主语之前。Only by working hard can one succeed.只有努力才能成功。Never have I seen her befor
6、e.我以前没见过她。提示：如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。例如：I remember the day I joined the League.Well do I remember the day I joined the League.入团的那一天，我记忆犹新。I thought little that he could be back alive.Little did I think that he could be back alive.我没有想到他竟能活着回来。常见的部分倒装结构常见的部分倒装结构 1）含有否定意义的副词或连词
7、（如not,seldom,little,hardly,never,rarely,nowhere等）或者词组放在句首时。He cannot speak a single word of English.Not a single word of English can he speak.He cares little about his clothes.Little does he care about his clothes.I have never seen him before.Never have I seen him before./Never before have I seen hi
8、m.The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.(Not until引出的主从复合句中，主句倒装，从句不倒装。)Churchill was not only a statesman,but a poet Not only was Churchill a statesman,but a poet.I shall by no means give up.By no means shall I give
9、 up.我决不放弃。必背：表示“刚就的倒装结构 Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.他刚要离开，天就下起了雨。Scarcely had he sat down when his mobile phone rang.他刚坐下，手机就响了。No sooner had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.他刚交卷就意识到出错了。2）副词only+状语放在句首时。Only then did I see life was not easy.只有那时我才知道生活是不易
10、的。Only in this way can you use the computer well.只有用这种方法你才能把电脑学好。注意：only+状语从句，从句不倒装，主句倒装 He stays in bed only when he is seriously ill.Only when he is seriously ill does he stay in bed.只有他病重时，他才待在床上。3.so作“也”讲时，引导的句子用倒装语序，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。其句型是：So+be（have，助动词或情态动词）+主语。She has been to Tokyo.So ha
11、ve I.她去过东京，我也去过。He can send emails to his former classmates.So can she.他能电子邮件给以前的同学，她也能。He went to the film last night.So did I.昨天晚上他去看电影了，我也去了。注意：如果对前面所说的内容，加以肯定，或不作“也”讲而只起连词作用，表示一种结果的意思，那不倒装。-Jack won the first prize in the contest.-So he did.他确实是。-It is cold today.-So it is and so was it yesterda
12、y.确实是，昨天也很冷。-His mother told him to go to the film.So he did.他确实去了。4.neither/nor引导的句子用倒装语序，用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。She wont go.Neither/Nor will I.她不走，我也不。I cannot swim.Neither can he.我不会游泳，他也不会。注意:如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用“It is the same with+主语”或用“So it is with+主语”结构。He worked hard,but didnt p
13、ass the exam.So it was with his sister.他很努力，但没有通过考试。他妹妹也是这样。（既有肯定又有否定）She is a teacher and she enjoys teaching.So it is with Mr Li.她是老师，热爱教书。李先生也是这样。（谓语一个是系动词，一个是行为动词）5.“so.that.和“such.that.”结构中的so或such位于句首时。He was so excited that he could not say a word.So excited was he that he could not say a wor
14、d.His anger was such that he lost control of himself.Such was his anger that he lost control of himself.6.一些表示频率的副词（如many a time,often等）位于句首时。I have seen her taking a walk alone many a time.Many a time have I seen her taking a walk alone.She often came to my house in the past.Often did she come to m
15、y house in the past.7.表示方式、程度的副词位于句首时。Well do I remember the day when I joined the League.我对入团的那一天还记忆犹新。Gladly would I accept your proposal.我很高兴接受你的建议。8.非谓语动词+be+主语。Covering much of the earths surface is a blanket of water.覆盖地球大部分表面的是水。Also discussed were the problems we had met with in our studies.
16、同时还讨论了我们在学习中碰到的问题。First to unfold was the map of the world.首先要打开的是世界地图。三、常见的其他形式的倒装结构三、常见的其他形式的倒装结构 1.宾语位于句首表示强调 The past one can know,but the future one can only feel.一个人可以明知过去，但只能感悟未来。What Julia did I cannot imagine.我想象不出朱莉娅做了什么。2.the.more.the more.结构中的倒装 The harder you work,the happier you feel.你
17、越努力工作，就越觉得快乐。（表语提前）The more you study,the more you know.你学得越多，就明白越多。（宾语提前）提示：有时从句倒装，主句不倒装。例如：I like the painting better the more I look at it.我越看这幅画，就越喜欢它。3.as/though 引导的让步状语从句中的倒装 表语提前，构成倒装。Though she is very pretty,she is not clever.Pretty though she is,she is not clever 虽然她很漂亮，但是她不聪明。Although he
18、is a child,he speaks fluent English.Child as he is,he speaks fluent English.虽然他是个孩子，但能讲流利的英语。（名词单数前不用不定冠词a）Though he is the shortest,he is the richest of the three.Shortest as he is,he is the richest of the three.虽然他是三个人中最矮的，却是最富有的。（形容词最高级前去定冠词the）动词提前，构成倒装。Though they searched,they could not find a
19、nything in the house.Search as they did,they could not find anything in the house.虽然他们搜遍了，却没在房子里找到任何东西。Though I failed,I would try again.Fail as I did,I would try again.尽管我失败了，但我还要再试。Though she may try again,she wont pass it.Try as she may,she wont pass it.尽管愿意再试，她还是不会通过的。副词提前，构成倒装。Though he tried h
20、ard,he couldnt pass the exam.Hard as he tried,he couldnt pass the exam.尽管他努力了，他还没有通过考试。Though I listened attentively,I still couldnt understand what he said at the meeting.Attentively as I listened,I still couldnt understand what he said at the meeting.尽管我专心听了，我还是不懂他在会议上说的话。Though he ran the fastest,he still didnt catch the train.Fastest as he ran,he still didnt catch the train.尽管他跑得最快，仍没有赶上火车。（副词最高级前不用定冠词the）THANK YOUDacy老师
