1、定语从句定语从句翻译：他是一个伤心的男人。翻译：他是一个伤心的男人。He is a sad man考一考考一考他是一个伤心又喜欢抽烟的男人他是一个伤心又喜欢抽烟的男人难到变形He is a sad man 一.结构定语从句的结构定语从句的结构：先行词：先行词+关系词引导的从句关系词引导的从句例如：例如：He is a sad man.先行词为先行词为“man”，定语从句为，定语从句为“that likes smoking”，而，而“that”为引导定为引导定语从句的关系词语从句的关系词先行词是先行词是什么呢？什么呢？先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词请指出下面
2、句子中的先行词以及定语从句请指出下面句子中的先行词以及定语从句1.He is a boy who likes beautiful girls.2.This is a dog which likes eating meat.3.I know the boy whom teachers all like.4.Xian is a good place where there are many delicous foods.5.Can you tell me the reason why he quite school?6.I remember these days when we were frie
3、nds.概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributive clause)(Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl,girl,叫做定语从句叫做定语从句1.The man is a worker.2.The man is speaking at the meet
4、ing.合并句子合并句子:The man is speaking at the meeting is a worker.Mary is a girl.Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.Mary is a girl who has long hair.二二.关系词关系词关系词关系代词That,which,who,Whom,whose关系副词Where,when,why1.关系词的作用关系词的作用关系词引导定语从句替代先行词在从句中充
5、当成分He is a boy whom beautiful girls likeHe is a boy/beuatiful girls like a boy先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which,thatwhich,thatwho,whom,whose who,whom,whose Where,whenWhere,when 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时当先行词是物时,用用which 或或that引导引导.
6、These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时用用,引导引导.who,whom,whose,thatwho,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.作定语从句的主语或宾语作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man The man is speaking at the is speaking at the meeting is a worker.meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at th
7、e The man is speaking at the meeting.meeting.分解分解作主语作主语 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.作定语从句的定语作定语从句的定语.I know the girl I know the girl mother is a teacher.mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.I know the girl
8、.The girls mother is a teacher.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语和宾语主语和宾语.注意注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略.The woman they wanted to visit is a teacher.关系代词用法总结关系代词关系代词先行词先行词关系代词在从句中作什么关系代词在从句中作什么that物/人主语/宾语who人主语whom人宾语whose人/物定语（谁的，什么的）which物主语/宾语请务必将此表记下来！请务必将此表记下来！练习(1)I dont
9、 like the boy()name is Tom.(2)The girl()is reading a book is my sister.(3)The old man()they are talking about is a teacher.(4)The cat()the dog is hunting for is Toms.(5)I like playing with the boy()eyes are brown.(6)The fish()body is red is from Africa.老师咱们能不做题么，老师咱们能不做题么，人与人之间的信任呢？人与人之间的信任呢？3.3.只能用
10、只能用thatthat的情况的情况 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.have ever known.This is the first play that I This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.have seen since I came here.everything,something,nothing,everythi
11、ng,something,nothing,all,anything,little,muchall,anything,little,much等不定代词等不定代词作先行词时作先行词时 EverythingEverything that we saw in this that we saw in this film was true.film was true.先行词被先行词被every,some,no,all,any,every,some,no,all,any,little,muchlittle,much等修饰时。等修饰时。Ive read Ive read allall the books th
12、at you lend me.the books that you lend me.先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the the only,the very,the same,the lastsame,the last修饰时。修饰时。This is This is the verythe very book that belongs book that belongs to him.to him.主句已有主句已有whowho或或whichwhich时时WhoWho is the girl that is standing is the girl that is stand
13、ing under the tree?under the tree?WhichWhich is the machine that we used is the machine that we used last Sunday.last Sunday.当先行词同时指人和物时当先行词同时指人和物时Ive never heard of Ive never heard of the people the people and thingsand things that you talked about that you talked about just now.just now.2.只用“that”
14、的情况三大原则三大原则:程序问题最多程序问题最多1.程度程度：先行词出现绝对性的描述，如唯：先行词出现绝对性的描述，如唯一的一的(the only),每个人每个人(everyone),每件事每件事(everything),所有的所有的(all),没有一个没有一个(none),任何事任何事(anything),任何人任何人(anyone)2.序数词序数词:当先行词前有序数词时，如当先行词前有序数词时，如 the first,the second,其中其中the last，最后的也，最后的也属于这种情况属于这种情况3.最高级最高级：先行词前有形容词最高级修：先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，也只能用饰
15、时，也只能用“that”多多：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用that又来？又来？This is the only book()I can find.This is the best book()I have ever read.Is there anything()you dont understand?The boy and his dog()are walking along the street have lost their way.1.I have a friend _ likes 1.I have a friend _ lik
16、es listening to classical music.listening to classical music.who/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwhosewhose3.The man _ leg broke in a3.The man _ leg broke in amatch used to be a football player.match used to be a football player.2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the 2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new
17、 dress _ I gave her.new dress _ I gave her.4.My parents live in a house_is 4.My parents live in a house_is more than 100 years old.more than 100 years old.5.The boy with _ John 5.The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.spoke is my brother.which/thatwhich/thatwhomwhom6.Kevin is reading a book 6.Kevin
18、 is reading a book _is too difficult for him._is too difficult for him.which/thatwhich/that7.Is there anything _ you 7.Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to 8.All _ we can do is to study hard.study hard.9.The first one _ stands up 9.The first
19、 one _ stands up is a little boy.is a little boy.thatthatthatthatthatthat1.1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor This is the doctor who saved the who saved the boys lifeboys life.2.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man The man who is runningwho is running is my uncle.is my uncle.3.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.I like the music I like the music that I can that I can sing along with.sing along with.4.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.The woman The woman who lives next door who lives next door is a teacher.is a teacher.
