1、情情 态态 动动 词词英语语法专项复习1.can/could1)表示“能力”could 主要指过去的时间 Can my boy enter Peking University 12 years later?She could write poems from a young age.当表示“经过努力才得以做成某事”时，用be able to do sth.不能用can.2)表示“允许”could表示委婉语气Can I have a look at your new watch?He asked whether he could take the book out of the library.
2、could 开头的疑问句，不用could答。3）表示“可能”（理论上或逻辑判断上）The temperature can fall to 40 below freezing.He cant/couldnt have enough money for a new car.注意：can 并不能表示推测。4）表示“惊讶、怀疑、不相信”等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句中。He cant/couldnt be over sixty.Where could they have gone to?How can you be so careless?cant/couldnt.too/enough.“无论
3、.也不过分；越.越好“2.may/might1)表示“请求和允许”,might语气更委婉You may take whatever you like.回答由may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其他方式，如 Yes,please./Please dont./Youd better not./No,you mustnt/cant.2)表示“推测”，might 可能性比may小 He said he might come tomorrow.3）表示“祝愿”May our friendship last forever.4）表示“礼貌地评价或提问等”意为“可以”You look lovely,if
4、 i may say so.may/might as well do sth.不妨做某事；最好.倒不如.Since it is raining hard,you may as well stay at home.3.must1)表示“要求、命令、必要或很重要”意为“必须”All visitors must report to reception.I must go to the bank and get some money.2)表示“推测”，意为“一定、肯定”You must be hungry after all that walking.3）mustnt“禁止、不准”Cars mustn
5、t park in front of the entrance.4）表示“虽不赞同但可允许”if you must do sth.如果你一定要（那么做）-Can I smoke?-If you must,go outside.Well,come in if you must.作 need 的肯定回答；may的否定回答4.should1)表示“建议或劝告”You should be more careful.You shouldnt drink and drive.2)表示“推测”，意为“照说应该，想必会”The roads should be more crowded today.3）表示“拒
6、绝、恼怒或惊讶的语气”Why should I help him?Hes never done anything for me.5）表示“责任或义务”All students should finish their homework by themselves.6)强调“某事不同反响”“真该”You should have seen her face when she found out.You should hear her play the piano.用于表示“建议、要求“that引导的从句中She suggested that I(should)take some time off.4
7、）表示“假如，万一”If you should change your mind,do let me know.5.shall1)表示“将要，将会”和第一人称连用We shall get a reply before Friday.2)在疑问句表示“提出或征求意见”和第一人称连用What shall we do this weekend?3）表示“决心、命令、允诺或威胁”“必须、一定、应该”和第二、三人称连用。Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.You shall hav
8、e it back next week.1)情态动词，“需要，有必要”neednt“没必要“2）实义动词 sb.need to do sth.sth.need doing=sth.need to be done 主动形式表被动含义This shirt needs washing.=This shirt needs to be washed.6.need3)名词There is no need for sb.to do sth.be in need of sth.if need be =if necessary 如果需要的话，有必要的话7.will/would1)表示“将来”2)表示“邀请、请求
9、或征询意见”would语气更委婉Will/Would you please do.?3）表示“意愿”想要.They wont lend us any more money.He wouldnt come-he said he was too busy.6)表示“习惯”总是She will listen to music for hours.He would spend much time on computer games.4)表示“命令”必须 Will you be quiet?5)“总是”陈述一般事实Oil will float on water.These things wil happ
10、en.would 可表示过去反复发生的动作或倾向，比used to 更正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。情态动词+have done1)对过去的推测1.The children must have got lost in the woods.2.-Sorry,mum!I failed the job interview again.-Oh,its too bad.You should have made full preparations.3.You should have arrived here half an hour ago.4.Lisa looks so sad.I could h
11、ave told him the truth in another way.must have done 一定做过某事 could have done 过去可能做过某事might have done2)对过去情况的后悔、遗憾或责备could have done 本来能够做但未做should have done 本该做但没做shouldnt have done 本不该做但做了neednt have done 没必要做但做了1.-_ you disturb me now?Im busy preparing a report.-Terribly sorry,but I have something
12、important to tell you.A.NeedB.ShouldC.MightD.Must2.-Did Jim come?-I dont know.He _ while I was out.A.might have comeB.might comeC.must have comeD.should have come3.Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he _ go out and buy something,usually something large and useless.A.shouldB.couldC.wouldD.might
13、4.It has been announced that all the candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.A.shallB.couldC.wouldD.ought5.-Its really great to have a computer to store my photos.-Dont count on it too much.It _ break down and youd better make a copy of them.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.w
14、ill6.He is a bad-tempered fellow,but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must7.I _ pay Lucy a visit,but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.A.couldB.shouldC.wouldD.shall8.-Only ten tickets?What do you mean?There _ be twelve.-Sorry,Linda.Jackie and Tim took two ti
15、ckets away.A.shouldB.willC.canD.may9.It was so noisy that we _ hear ourselves speak.A.couldntB.shouldntC.mustntD.neednt10.Lack of sleep _ lead to weakened memory,and also slow physical growth.A.shallB.mustC.shouldD.can11.-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.-It _ true because there
16、 was little snow there.A.may be notB.wont beC.couldnt beD.mustnt be12.If you _ smoke,please go outside.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may13.Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world.A.mustntB.wontC.mightntD.shouldnt14.My room is in a mess,but I _ clean it before I go
17、out tonight.I can do it in the morning.A.darentB.shouldntC.needntD.mustnt15.-I promise her daughter _ get a nice present on her birthday.-Will it be a big surprise to her?A.shouldB.mustC.wouldD.shall16.Just as we were sitting down to have dinner,the telephone _ ring.A.mustB.couldC.mightD.need17.You
18、_ pay too much attention to your reading skill,as it is so important.A.cantB.shouldC.mustD.neednt18.I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma _ comfort me,saying“Life is like that,dear.”A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.must19.It wasnt right to me that such near neighbors _ not know one another.a.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might20.-Mum,little Ray broke his toys again!-It doesnt matter.You see,accidents _ happen.A.shallB.shouldC.mustD.will
