1、动词的时态和语态考点概述动词的时态指的是谓语动词各种动词形式。在初中阶段我们一共学过以下7种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。动词的语态是表示句子主语与谓语动词之间关系的一种动词形式。英语中的动词语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。动词的时态一，概念即用法二，句型结构及变化三，时态的标志即答题依据一般现在时一，概念。一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态。二，结构。主语+动词 主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数形式I often play basketball with my friends after school.To
2、m is a smart boy.动词第三人称单数形式的构成：(1)直接在词尾加s。swimswims,workworks,traveltravels，playplays,leaveleaves(2)以字母s，x，ch，sh,o结尾的，在词尾加es。passpasses,fixfixes,teachteaches，washwashes,gogoes,dodoes(3)以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i加es。studystudies,flyflies,crycries,carrycarries三，标志词。always，often,sometimes,seldom,hardly ever,neve
3、r,every day,every week,every month,every year等。1.Diana,together with her friends,_ Chinese in China.A.study B.have studied C.studies D.are studying2.Whats his brother?He is a teacher.He _maths at a school.A.taught B.has taught C.teaches D.will teach注意：1，描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等要用一般现在时。在宾语从句中，即使主句是一般过去时，但从句
4、表示客观真理、客观存在或科学事实时，从句依然用一般现在时。The teacher told us that the earth is round yesterday.昨天老师告诉我们地球是圆的。2，在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。I will be a policeman when I grow up in the future.我将来长大了要当一名警察。Ill ring you up if he comes back tomorrow.如果他明天回来，我会给你打电话。主将从现1.Yesterday the teacher told us the earth _ the sun.
5、A.goes around B.went around C.is going around D.would go around2.Johnson wont answer the phone if he _ the number.A.knew B.doesnt know C.will know D.didnt know现在进行时七下 Unit6 Im watching TV一，概念：表示现在正在发生或进行的动作。表示现在正在发生或进行的动作。二，结构：二，结构：主语主语am/is/are现在分词现在分词 现在分词变化规则：(1)直接在词尾加ing。listenlistening,readread
6、ing,laughlaughing(2)以不发音的e结尾的，去e再加ing。makemaking,changechanging(3)以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母，再加ing。stopstopping,swimswimming,sitsittingplanplanning,babysitbabysitting(4)以ie结尾的动词，改ie为y，再加ing。diedying,lielying,tietying三，标志词：三，标志词：now,at the moment，情景词，情景词look,listen等。等。1.Where is your mother,Tom?S
7、he _ the flowers in the garden.A.waters B.is watering C.watered D.has watered2.Paul,Im busy cooking.Can you give me a hand?Just a minute.I _ my email.A.am checking B.will check C.have checked D.have climbed一般过去时一，概念。过去某个时间或某段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。二，结构。主语+动词的过去式形式（did）七下 Unit 11 How was your school trip?Uni
8、t 12 What did you do last weekend?动词过去式变化规则(1)直接在词尾加ed。plantplanted,workworked,looklooked(2)以e结尾的，加d。livelived,changechanged(3)以重读闭音节结尾的，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。planplanned,stopstopped(4)以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i加ed。studystudied,trytried(5)不规则变化表（九年级课本尾页）三，标志词。yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week,
9、last month,last year,two days ago,three years ago,in 2001,just now,this morning等。1.Jerry,have you ever been to the Great Wall?Yes.I _ there with my parents last years.A.go B.went C.will go D.have gone2.Linda is not coming for the party tonight.But she _!A.promises B.promised C.will promise D.has pro
10、mised一般将来时一，概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。二，结构：二，结构：主语主语+am/is/are going to动词原形动词原形主语主语+will动词原形动词原形三，标志词：三，标志词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,this afternoon/evening,next week,next month,next year,in+时间段时间段(如如 in two days)。八上 Unit6 Im going to study computer science Unit7 Will people have robo
11、ts1.With the development of science and technology,robot cooks _ in our families in the future.A.appear B.appeared C.will appear D.is appearing2.There _ a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.A.will B.is going to have C.is going to be D.will have过去进行时一，概念：一，概念：过去某个时刻或某段
12、时间内正在进行的动作过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作二，结构：二，结构：主语主语was/were 现在分词现在分词 三，标志词：三，标志词：At nine oclock last night,at that time,at that moment,this time yesterday 以及以及when,while 引导的时间状语从句。引导的时间状语从句。八下 Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?1.I called you at 8:30 last night,but you didnt answer.Oh,I_ a mo
13、vie at home at that time.A.watched B.am watching C.was watching D.watch2.Where were Bill and David when the teacher came in?They _ in the hallway.A.are talking B.have talked C.were talking D.talk现在完成时一，概念：1,过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果.2,动作由过去发生，一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。动作由过去发生，一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。二，结构
14、：二，结构：主语主语have/has+过去分词（过去分词（done）（变化规则同过去式）（变化规则同过去式）三，标志词：三，标志词：already,yetso,far,recently,lately,in the past few years,for+时间段，时间段，since+时间点时间点/过去时过去时八下 Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet？Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum?Unit10 Ive had this bike for three years.1.Do you still play basket
15、ball?Oh,no.I_ it in the past two years.A.havent played B.didnt play C.wont play D.hadt played2.Your new watch is so nice!When did you buy it!In April.I_ it for two months.A.have had B.had C.have bought D.bought区别have/has gone to 去了（还没有回来，不在说话的地方），have/has been to 去过（已经回来了，在说话的地方），1.Have you ever bee
16、n to Beijing?Yes.I _ there twice.Its a modern city.A.have gone B.have been C.has been D.has gone2.Look!Your teacher is over there.No,it cant be her.She _ to Beijing.A.have gone B.have been C.has gone D.has been过去完成时一，概念：表示动作发生在“过去的过去”。二，结构：主语had+过去分词（done）三，标志词：by the end of+过去的时间,by+过去的时间,when+过去的时
17、间,before+过去的时间=by the time+过去的时间等。九年级 Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.Before I got to the bus station,the bus had left.现在got tohad left1.The plane _ when we got to the airport.A.had taken off B.was taking off C.will take off D.is taking off2.We _2,000 words by the end of last term.A.have lear
18、ned B.had learned C.learned D.was learning语态1，主动语态：主语是动作的发出者。如：Tom finishes his homework.2，被动语态：主语是动作的承受着和接受者。如：The homework is finished by Tom.被动语态句子结构：主语+be done(+by+宾语)。一般现在时：am/is/are+done 一般过去时：was/were+done 现在进行时：am/is/are+being done 过去进行时：was/were+being done 一般将来时：will/be going to+be done 现在完
19、成时：have/has+been done 过去完成时：had+been done 含有情态动词的句子：情态动词+be done各种时态下句型主动句变被动句的方法：1，找到主动句的主谓宾结构。2，将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语（宾格要变为主格）。3，将主动句的谓语动词变为be done结构（注意be动词的时态并与主语保持主谓一致）.4，将主动句的主语前加by放在被动句的句末做宾语（主格要变为宾格）,可省略。He finished his homework at 8:30 last night.主谓宾His homework谓宾主was finished at 8:30 last night(b
20、y him).1.The teacher told us not to put off todays work till tomorrow.Todays work _ today.Amay do Bmust do Cmay be done Dmust be done2.A lot of trees _ around here every year,and we can enjoy fresher air now.Awere planted Bare planted Cwill plant Dare planting3.The students solve lots of problems to help themselves grow up.(改写句子,句意不变)Lots of problems _ _ by the students to help themselves grow up.aresolved4.Teenagers talked about reading more books in their spare time.(改写句子，句意不变)Reading more books _ _ by Teenagers in their spare time.wasdiscussedHomework回看视频，把动词的时态和语态相关知识整理到笔记本上并熟记。
