1、中考专项中考专项定语从句定语从句一、什么是定语？一、什么是定语？定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的质与特征的He is a good student.I want to tell you something important.Part 1 知识点精讲知识点精讲二、定义：二、定义：在复合句中，在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。The man who lives next to us is a policeman.You must do everything that I do.Part
2、 1 知识点精讲知识点精讲I have an apple.The apple is red.I have an apple that is red.修饰先行词修饰先行词 an apple 句型分析句型分析I like music.I can dance to it.I like music that I can dance to.修饰先行词修饰先行词 music 句型分析句型分析I love music.I can sing along with it.I like musicthat I can sing along with.修饰先行词修饰先行词 music 句型分析句型分析I have
3、some friends.They like sports.I have some friendswho like sports.修饰先行词修饰先行词 friends 句型分析句型分析I like musicians.They can write their own songs.I like musicians who write their own songs.修饰先行词修饰先行词 musicians 句型分析句型分析I have an apple that is red.I like music that I can sing along with.I have friends who l
4、ike sports.I like musicians who write their own songs.被修饰的名词叫被修饰的名词叫先行词先行词主句和定语从句之间的连接词叫主句和定语从句之间的连接词叫关系词关系词Part 1 知识点精讲知识点精讲 关系词常有三个作用：关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分、在定语从句中担当一个成分关系词关系词关系代词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词关系副词:when,where,whyPart 1 知识点精讲知识点精讲 关系代词关系代词 1.who指人
5、，在从句中作主语指人，在从句中作主语/宾语宾语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。可省略。Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about.Part 1 知识点精讲知识点精讲3.which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。作宾语时可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys.This is the pen(w
6、hich)he bought yesterday.Part 1 知识点精讲知识点精讲4.that指人时，相当于指人时，相当于who或者或者whom；指物时，相当于指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语在定语从句中作主语或宾语 作宾语时可省略。作宾语时可省略。The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?Part 1 知识点精讲知识点精讲5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语中作定语
7、He has a friend whose father is a doctor.Part 1 知识点精讲知识点精讲 三、定语从句中只能使用关系词三、定语从句中只能使用关系词that不能使不能使用用which的情况主要有：的情况主要有：1.当先行词是不定代词时当先行词是不定代词时,如如:all,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything等等 2.当先行词被不定代词当先行词被不定代词little,few,no,any等等或被或被 the only,the very,the same等修饰时等等修饰时等 3.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级
8、修饰当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时时 4.先行词既有人又有物时先行词既有人又有物时 5.在疑问词在疑问词which开头的句子中开头的句子中四、定语从句中只能用关系词四、定语从句中只能用关系词which不能用不能用that的情况：的情况：1.引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句（主句和从句之间用（主句和从句之间用逗号隔开）逗号隔开）The meeting,which was held in our school,was very successful.2.关系代词之前有介词关系代词之前有介词This is the pencil with which I draw many great
9、pictures.关系代词总结关系代词总结 指人，作主语指人，作主语-who/that 指人，作宾语指人，作宾语-whom/who/省略（省略（/）/that 指物，作主语指物，作主语-which/that 指物，作宾语指物，作宾语-which/that/省略（省略（/）与先行词有所属关系，与先行词有所属关系，表示表示“谁的谁的”作定语，用作定语，用whose Part 2 真题演练真题演练（2021湖北鄂州中考）湖北鄂州中考）Yuan Longping is a hero _ is known for developing hybrid rice（杂交水稻）（杂交水稻）.Yes.He is
10、a great man.A.which B.whom C.whatD.that【答案】【答案】DPart 2 真题演练真题演练（2021辽宁朝阳中考）辽宁朝阳中考）-Have you heard of the story of Mulan？-Of course.Mulan is a brave girl _ her fathers place to fight in the army.Awhom take Bthat takeCwhich takesDwho takes【答案】【答案】DPart 2 真题演练真题演练（2021贵州安顺中考）贵州安顺中考）Abings Erquan Yingyu
11、e is a piece of music _ has become one of Chinas national treasures.A.whoB.which C.whose【答案】【答案】BPart 2 真题演练真题演练（2021湖北十堰中考）湖北十堰中考）This is the first birthday gift _ I received.Ive kept it many years.A.which B.thatC.whoD.what【答案】【答案】BPart 2 真题演练真题演练（2021甘肃天水中考）甘肃天水中考）A true friend is a person _ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.A.whom B.whose C.whoD.which【答案】【答案】C
