1、非谓语动词专项总结练习 在英语句子中不是谓语的动词是_.包括:_,_和_.一.动词不定式1.结构:一般式_ 否定式_ 进行式_ 完成式_ 被动式_2.功能:动词不定式在句中除了谓语都可以充当.所以可以充当_,_,_,_,_和_.动词不定式作主语时,为避免头重脚轻,往往用it作形式主语,真正的主语动词不定式放后面,常用的结构有:_ _to be doing to be done动词不定式动名词to have done(动词过去分词)分词非谓语动词定语to+do(动词原形)宾语状语宾语补足语表语It is adj./n.for sb.to do sth.It is adj.of sb.to do
2、sth.It takes sb.some time to do sth.not to doExercise:分析下列句子中动词不定式的成分.1.To protect the earth is everyones duty.2.The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29,1953.3.The main reason was to protect their part of the country.4.Millions of Chinese leave the countrys
3、ide to search for work in the cities.5.Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school.6.It is her dream to go there one day.7.They send people to schools to tell children about the importance of saving these animals.谓语动词前是主语修饰限定前面的名词,是定语动词后,宾语补充说明宾语,是宾语补足语系动词后,表语为了,目的状语形式主语,动词不定式是真
4、正的主语动词后宾语3.后面接动词不定式作宾语动词和短语有:hope to do sth.learn to do sth.fail to do sth.mean to do sth.afford to do sth.seem to do sth.choose to do sth.try ones best to do sth.manage to do sth.make an effort to do sth.prepare to do sth.be afraid/scared to do sth.offer to do sth.happen to do sth.refuse to do sth.
5、have time/reason to do sth.plan to do sth.hurry/rush to do sth.agree to do sth.wait to do sth.volunteer to do sth.特殊疑问词+to do decide to do sth.be allowed to do sth.feel free to do sth.take action to do sth.but(除了)前有do后+动词原形前没do后+to dobe+adj后多加to do形式be about to do表将来时3.后面接动词不定式作宾语或宾语补足语的动词有:want/nee
6、d(sb.)to do sth.wish(sb.)to do sth.help(sb.)(to)do sth.promise(sb.)to do sth.follow(sb.)to do sth.lead(sb.)to do sth.expect(sb.)to do sth.prefer(sb.)to do sth.mean(sb.)to do sth.like/hate(sb.)to do sth.would like(sb.)to do sth.dare(sb.)to do sth.tell sb.to do sth.cause sb.to do sth.get sb.to do sth.
7、ask sb.to do sth.advise sb.to do sth.require sb.to do sth.allow sb.to do sth.wait for sb.to do sthwarn sb.to do sth.teach sb.to do sth.remind sb.to do sth.request sb.to do sth.invite sb.to do sth.order sb.to do sth.encourage sb.to do sth.drive sb.to do sth.force sb.to do sth.后面接省略to的动词不定式的词.make/hav
8、e/let sb.do sth.see/watch/look at/hear/listen to/notice/feel/findsb.do had better do sth.would rather do than dowhy not do使役动词感官动词二.动名词:指的是动词ing形式的一种,兼有_和_特征的非谓语动词.1.结构:一般式_ 完成式_ 一般式的被动语态_ 完成式的被动式_ 否定式_2.功能:动名词在句中可以充当_,_,_和_.动名词作主语.动名词作主语当_数处理.为避免头重脚轻,可以用it作形式主语,动名词放后面,但并不常用.用于_+doing结构中._结构用于布告,标语等
9、的省略结构中.动词不定式和动名词都能充当主语,区别是:前者多表示_而后者多表示_.having done having been donenot doing名词being done单动词定语doing宾语特指或具体的动作泛指或抽象的动作表语there beNo doing.动名词作宾语.后面接doing作宾语的词或短语:stand doing sth.keep on doing sth.mind doing sth.risk doing sth.prefer doingto doingadvise doing sth.miss doing sth.belong to doingsuggest
10、doing sth.put off doing sth.due to doingallow doing sth.take up doing sth.spenddoing sth.avoid doing sth.practice doing sth.preventfrom doingconsider doing sth.feel like doing sth.stopfrom doingenjoy doing sth.be/get used to doing sth.keepfrom doingfinish doing sth.look forward to doing sth.be busy
11、doing sth.give up doing sth.pay attention to doing sth.be worth doing sth.cant help doing sth.be halfway to doing sth.be comfortable doingimagine doing sth.lead to doing sth.have fun/enjoy oneself/keep doing sth.stick to doing sth.have a good time doingmake a difference to doing sth.look up to doing
12、 sth.后面既可以接doing又可以接to do作宾语的词或短语:stop/continue:doing sth._ /go on to do sth._like/love doing sth._/hate/prefer:to do sth._停止/继续做某事 停下来/继续去做另一件事记得/忘记/后悔做过某事 记得/忘记/后悔将要做某事 做习惯性,经常性的事 需要被做某事remember doing sth._/forget /regret:to do sth._ try:doing sth._ to do sth._mean doing _ to do sth._need/want doi
13、ng sth._/require to do sth._做偶然的,具体的事 尝试做某事 意味着做某事 尽力做某事 打算做某事 需要做某事 start/begin 后既可+doing,也可+to do意义可认为相同.介词+doingdoing作介词的宾语动名词作表语.常表主语的_,主语和谓语的位置_.如果句子主语和表语都是非谓语动词,注意两个动词形式上保持_.动名词作定语.往往表示被修饰词的某种_.eg:a walking stick三:分词.包括_和_.分词具有_和_的特征.1.现在分词:基本结构:_,被动结构_,否定结构_.可作_,_,_和_.作表语表示主语的_和_.主语和表语的位置_.作定
14、语,当现在分词单词作定语时,可放在被修饰词前,若是现在分词短语放 在后面.表_和_的含义.eg:a developing country作宾语补足语,see/watch/look at/hear/listen to/notice/feel/find等词后可+sb./sth.doing sth.也可以用于with+doing结构.作状语.可以作_,_,_,_,_,_和_状语,相当于对应的状语从句.原则上其主语与句子主语应是同一个主语.现在分词过去分词形容词互换用途being done内容定语一致doing状语状态表语not doing宾语补足语特征不可互换伴随原因条件让步目的结果方式/正在进行主
15、动时间2.过去分词:基本结构:_,变化规则同动词过去式,不规则的特殊记忆.可作_,_,_和_.作表语表示主语的_和_.而被动语态强调动作.作定语,当过去分词单词作定语时,可放在被修饰词前,若是过去分词短语放 在后面.表_和_的含义.eg:a developed country作宾语补足语,make/have/let/leave/get/keep/hear/see等+sb.+done.也可用于with+done结构.作状语.可以作_,_,_,_,_,_状语,相当于对应的状语从句的被动含义.注意使用的前提是,状语和所修饰的句子的主语是同一个.作状语时同现在分词一样可放句前,可放句后,都用逗号隔开.
16、整体来说,现在分词表主动正在进行,过去分词表被动,已经完成done定语状语性质表语宾语补足语状态时间原因条件让步结果方式/伴随已经完成被动单项选择题:1.It is kind_ you to help the old people.A.of B.for C.to2.It is difficult_him to learned Chinese.A.for B.of C.to3.I am too scared_them alone.A.watch B.watching C.to watch4.That girl is tall enough_the apples on the tree.A.rea
17、ch B.to reach C.reaching5.Dramas like Titanic make me _even sadder.A.feel B.to feel C.feeling6.I am made_even sadder by dramas like Titantic.A.feel B.to feel C.feeling描述you(人)用ofA描述动词不定式用forACtooto 太而不能adj+enough+to do sth.BAB使役动词的被动语态后+动词,to要还原 使役动词make sb.do(省略to的动词不定式)sth.7.Could you tell me wher
18、e _a pair of shoes near here?A.to get B.getting C.can get8.I dont have a partner _.A.to practice English B.to practice English with C.practicing with9.Im very comfortable_French now.A.to speak B.spoken C.speaking10._trees,_windows and rubbish were everywhere.A.Falling breaking B.Fallen broken C.fell
19、 break11.It was hard to have fun with a serious storm_outside.A.happening B.happened C.does12.Although she also felt sad_ with certain toys.A.parting B.to part C.part13.Have you ever thought about _a yard sale_your things.A.to have sell B.having to sell C.having selling 特殊疑问词+to do,C选项没主语A是with的宾语,w
20、ith不能丢掉BC已经倒的树,已经破坏的窗户,用过去分词作定语+doingBABwith表伴随,一个严重的暴风雨正在发生,用现在分词B 系动词+adj后大多+to do介词+doing二空儿,不定式表目的14.Its also a good place _your English.A.practicing B.to practice C.practiced15.Naismith created a game _ inside on a hard floor.A.be played B.to play C.to be played16.Toys are not the only things_i
21、n China.A.be made B.to make C.made 17.The teacher _ with headmaster is my teacher.A.to talk B.talking C.talked18.Did you hurt yourself_soccer?A.playing B.play C.to play19.As a mountain climber,Aron is used to_risks.A.take B.takes C.taking20.His knife was used to_half his right arm.A.cutting off B.cu
22、t off C.cuts off动词不定式作后置定语.B动词不定式作后置定语,被玩的游戏CC现在分词作定语,正在和校长谈话的动词过去分词作定语,被中国制造的东西BAC动词的现在分词作时间状语B 习惯于,to是介词被用作做某事+do21.Teachers warned us _run in the hallways.A.not to B.didnt C.to not22.Do you mind_ Tv?A.not to watch B.not watching C.dont watch23.Please pay attention to_correctly when you learn lang
23、uage.A.pronouncing B.to pronounce C.pronounce 24.She used to_really shy and took up_to deal with her shyness.A.doing singing B.do to sing C.do singing25.There are many good things,like_able to travel.A.being B.are C.be26.He has difficult_the competition.A.to win B.winning C.win27.They are always_them with other children.A.compare B.compared C.comparingwarn sb.to do sth.,对不定式否定,在to前+notAmind doing sth,对doing否定,其前+notBA过去常常做某事,+do关注,to是介词CAB像,介词+doingC 做某事有困难,+doing同have trouble/problemsbe always doing总是做某事开始从事+doing
