1、专题十九专题十九 书面表达书面表达中考英语语法专题本专题内容适用于7-9年级学生本专题一般共需5课时第四课时 各种问体英语写作（一）一、英语记叙文写作二、英语说明文写作三、巩固练习一、Narration writing 记叙文写作1.记叙文六要素：时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所说的五个“W”（what,who,when,where,why）和一个“H”（how）。2.叙述的人称:一般第一或第三人称3.动词的时态:用得最多的是动词的过去时，4.叙述的过渡:过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。5.写好记叙文的基本要领 1）头绪分明，脉络清楚 2）突出中心，详
2、略得当 3）用活语言，准确生动 The other day,five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street.After some time,he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home.But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic.When he could not find the way home,he started and crying.Just then
3、,two young students who were passing by from school found him standing crying in front of a shop.They immediately went up to him.Little boy,why are you standing here crying?they asked.I want Mom,I go home.said the boy,still crying.“Dont worry,well send you home.And they spent the next two hours look
4、ing for the boys house.With the help of a policeman,they finally found it.When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound,she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house.Gratefully,she offered them some money,saying it was a way to express her thanks,but the young studen
5、ts firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea.例文：二、Exposition writing 说明文写作1.事物说明文事物说明文第一、抓住事物特点即本质特征 事物的外部特征和用途等。red/black used for writing etc.第二、安排说明顺序。time/space/logical order。一般通过状语体现，如：when sb.was/in 2015/then/after that，on the/under the/in front of,at last/first/however etc.第三、讲究说明方
6、法。Comparison/giving examples/listing data etc.第四、说明语言要准确、简明、通俗、生动Ladies and gentlemen，Welcome to Heyuan,now let me introduce our city Heyuan to you.Heyuan is a city with a long history.It is in the northeast of Guangdong and 198 kilometers away from Guangzhou.It has a population of 3,240,000.There a
7、re many places of interest in Heyuan,such as Sujiawei Wanlu Lake and so on.Wanlu Lake is a beautiful place.The water is clean and not polluted.There are all kinds of fish in it.You can go boating,go fishing and have a picnic there.It is really a good place to spend your holiday.Besides,you can go an
8、d visit Heyuan Museum.There you can see a lot of dinosaur egg fossils.I hope you can enjoy yourselves in Heyuan.Thank you.2.事理说明文事理说明文第一、掌握确定题目的关键词 1）如何.2）怎样.3）怎样才能.因此标题多为“How to do.,或者是一个名词短语.第二、文章的结构 多数情况下为三段式，在第二段进行事理说明时一般分三个要点去写。但是要谨记文章要以第一人称we去写。且时态多为一般现在时。第三第三、每段怎么写、每段怎么写1、文章的开头写法1)用设问提出观点 第一步
9、：用一个陈述句或谚语对所说明的人或者事物进行正面的面的描述。Eg:As the saying goes,A teacher teaches us a day,we regard him as our father all our life第二步：用Do you.或How to do sth?及How do you.等句型进行设问。第三步：最后用一句话引出笔者建议。1)Here are my suggestions.2)According to my personal idea,the following suggestions may be helpful.3)Here are some ti
10、ps for you 4)Here is my advice.5)Here are my ideas.Eg:常言道：“一日为师终生为父”，你知道怎么和老师相处吗？下面是我的建议。As the saying goes,A teacher _,we _ our father _.Do you know _them?Here are _.2)开门见山陈述观点 第一步：用一个.is.句型或者是一个描述性句子进行正面的面的描述。第二步：导出观点。通常用的句型有So we should know how to do sth或者Therefore，Lets do sth.或者Its important fo
11、r us to do sth.第三步：用转折的形式提出疑问。通常使用的句型有But how to?或But how?第四步：最后用一句话引出笔者建议。1)Here are my suggestions.2)According to my personal idea,the following suggestions may be helpful.3)Here are some tips for you 4)Here is my advice.5)Here are my ideas.Eg:我们的同班同学是我们最亲近的朋友。他们给我们帮助和关心。因此我们应该知道怎么和他们相处。但是怎么相处呢？这是
12、我的建议。Our classmates are _,They _.So we should know_._?Here is my advice.3)运用比喻或排比等修辞方法来引出观点 第一步：先用句型（.be like.)进行正面比喻 第二步：再用一个陈述句阐明所说明人或事物的积极的一面影响或作用（It can.)第三步：接着导出结果性句子(So we should have it.)第四步：用转折的形式提出疑问（同上）第五步：最后用一句话引出笔者建议。（同上）Eg:老师像我们的父母。他们不图回报地关爱着我们，因此，我们应该知道怎么和他们相处。但是，和我们怎么相处呢？这是一些建议。Teache
13、rs _.They _ for us _.So we should know how to get on with them,_?Here are some tips.2、文章的第二段的写法、文章的第二段的写法 1）中间部分要遵循“层层递进，由浅至深”的原则去写。2）一般要分三点进行说明，因此需要掌握过渡词的使用。（1）First(ly),Second(ly),Third(ly).（2）First of all,Whats more,Most importantly.(3)On one hand(side),On the other hand(side),Furthermore或In addi
14、tion.(4)First of all,Besides,Last but not least.3)中间部分三点的具体写法：第一步：先说明应该怎么做。常使用的句型有：we should do sth或we are supposed to do sth或we ought to do sth或we1d better do sth.第二步：阐明为什么这么做。常使用的句型有：doing sth is.或者To do sth is.第三步：可以用if 引导的条件句或者用doing sth can.进行结果性预测。Eg:我们应该尊敬我们的老师。尊敬老师在中国是传统美德。如果我们像这样做，我们的父母将以我们
15、骄傲和自豪。We _ our parents.Respecting parents is_.If we do it like this,Our parents will _ us4、如何写文章的结尾。1）先使用总结性过渡词提升观点总结性过渡词有:As we all know(2)In conclusion(3)That is to say(4)Generally speaking(5)In fact(6)In summary Eg:As we all know,Its important to know how to get on with teachers.2）再用if引导的条件句或as l
16、ong as引导的从句陈述对采纳意见的益处 （1）If you can follow my ideas,Im sure.或you will find.(2)If you can really put these points into action,you will feel.(3)As long as you can followed what is mentioned above,youll know how to.3）最后也可以用一个陈述句进一步提升观点，或者用一个祈使句或反问的形式提出倡议。Eg:如果你能把这些建议付之于行动，我相信你能和你的朋友相处很好，你的生活一定更加美丽和精彩。从
17、现在开始行动吧。If you can really _ I believe you can _ with you friends.your life must _l.Take action_!English is a global language.It is useful for us to learn it well.But how?First,learn new words.Words are important to English learning.Second,practice listening and speaking.You can speak English with ot
18、hers.It will help you to improve.Last,you can watch English movies or listen to English songs.It is funny and helpful.Anyway,you should work very hard.How to learn English well写作练习：写作练习：1.An unforgettable day（100）词左右2.How to keep healthy（80词左右）课时总结记叙文写作：审题要仔细，表述清楚六要素，人称和时态要注意。说明文写作：事物说明文 事理说明文角度客观，条理清晰
