1、英语的两大语态：主动语态和被动语态英语的两大语态：主动语态和被动语态A.A.主动语态中主语主动语态中主语是谓语动词的是谓语动词的发出发出者者。宾语是谓语动。宾语是谓语动词的对象。词的对象。B.B.被动语态中主被动语态中主语是谓语动词的语是谓语动词的承受者承受者(动作的动作的对象对象)。被动语态的谓语构成被动语态的谓语构成:助动词助动词bebe动词过去分词动词过去分词人称、数和时态的变化是通过助动词be的变化表现出来的。We clean our classroom every day.主语谓语宾语Our classroom is cleaned by us every day.归纳总结方法归纳总
2、结方法主动语态改为被动语态可 来进行，即：一变一变二套二套三注意三注意变变 把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主 动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。套套 据原句的时态套用相应时态。注意注意 注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。例例：Many people speak English.English by many people.is spoken 1.They make shoes in that factory.Shoes一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词are made(by them)in that factory.2.They
3、bought ten computers last term 一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词过去分词Ten computers were bought(by them)last term.3.They will finish the work in ten days.一般将来时一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.4Amy can take good care of Gina 情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词Gina
4、 can be taken good care of by Amy.时态时态被动语态被动语态1一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词过去分词2一般过去时was/were+过去分词过去分词3一般将来时will/be going to+be+过去分词过去分词带有情态动词的被动语态带有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词当当“动词动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构变为被结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。其余不动。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.Someo
5、ne caught the boy smoking a cigarette.The boy was caught smoking a The boy was caught smoking a cigarettecigarette.若宾语补足语是不带若宾语补足语是不带to to 的不定式，变为被动语的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加态时，该不定式前要加“to”to”。此类。此类动词动词多多为为感官动词感官动词:look at,observe,see,notice,watch;look at,observe,see,notice,watch;make,let,have,hear,listen
6、 to,feelmake,let,have,hear,listen to,feel等。等。The teacher made me go out of the classroom.I was madeI was made to to go out of the classroom(by go out of the classroom(by the teacher).the teacher).巧记：这些动词为巧记：这些动词为“五看三使役，两听一感觉五看三使役，两听一感觉”主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态使役动词make sb do sthSb.be made to do sthhave/let sb.do sth.Sb.be had/let to do sth.感观动词see sb do sthSb.be seen to do sthwatch/hear/notice sb do sthSb.be watched/heard/noticed to do sth
